عاطف خليفة
14-01-2008, 11:36 PM
Unit09 : Business around the world
Vocabulary
· Commerce تجارة
· employيوظف· Employee موظف · Employmentتوظيف· unemployment بطالة
· gap فجوة
· expressيعبر· expression تعبير
· manager مدير
· Sale بيع
· Produceينتج· Production انتاج · Colleagueزميل· Growthالنمو· break-up تدهور
· declineيتدهور - ينهار
· Association جمعية- اتحاد
· spices توابل
· includeيشمل - يضم
· containيحتوى· consist of يتكون من
· caravanقافلة· luxury goodsبضائع كمالية
· carry out ينفذ
· millennium ألفية
· materialsمواد· the pressالصحافة
· mass media وسائل الاعلام
· training centreمركز تدريب
· trade routeطريق تجارى
· colonyمستعمرة· frontiersحدود· set upينشأ - يقيم
· localمحلى· Transportالنقل - المواصلات
· Economyالأقتصاد· economicsعلم الاقتصاد
· volumeحجم· expand يتوسع
· expansion توسع
· exportيصدر - تصدير
· importيستورد - استيراد
· foreign tradeتجارة اجنبية
· result in يتسبب فى
Grammar :
ضمائر الوصل Relative Pronouns
1. - تحل محل الأشخاص - Who / that
· Ex.: The boy plays tennis. He is clever.-
· The boy who / that plays tennis is clever.-
· The boy who / that is clever plays tennis.-
· Ex : This man is the train driver. I was talking with him.
· This man, who / that I was talking with, is the train driver.-
2. - Which / that - تحل محل الأشياء
· Ex : this is a fast plane. I came to Cairo by it.
· This is a fast plane by which / that I came to Cairo.
3. Whose - تستعمل لكى تدل على الملكية
· Ex.: Samia studies English . Her mother is a teacher of Math.
· Samia whose mother is a teacher of math studies English.
4. Where (which / that) - تستعمل لكى تدل على المكان
· Ex: This is the school. I learnt English in it.
· -This is the school where I learnt English.
لاحظ حذف حرف الجر
· This is the school in which / that I learnt English.
· This is the school which / that I learnt English in.
5. When - تستعمل لكى تدل على الزمان
· Ex.: I played baseball, I was in America at that time.
· -I played baseball when I was in America.
ملحوظة
- لابد من استعمال ضمير وصل عندما يحل محل الفاعل
6. which / who / that
· Ex.: The boy who got the highest marks is my neighbor.
· Ex.: She put the books which / that were here on the shelf.
- لا نحتاج لاستعمال ضمير وصل عندما يحل المفعول
· Ex.: The boy (who / that) I met yesterday is careless.
· Ex.: The jacket (which / that) Samia bought is expensive.
7. بعد كلمة all نستخدم كلمة that
· Ex.: This all that I can do for you.
Vocabulary
· Commerce تجارة
· employيوظف· Employee موظف · Employmentتوظيف· unemployment بطالة
· gap فجوة
· expressيعبر· expression تعبير
· manager مدير
· Sale بيع
· Produceينتج· Production انتاج · Colleagueزميل· Growthالنمو· break-up تدهور
· declineيتدهور - ينهار
· Association جمعية- اتحاد
· spices توابل
· includeيشمل - يضم
· containيحتوى· consist of يتكون من
· caravanقافلة· luxury goodsبضائع كمالية
· carry out ينفذ
· millennium ألفية
· materialsمواد· the pressالصحافة
· mass media وسائل الاعلام
· training centreمركز تدريب
· trade routeطريق تجارى
· colonyمستعمرة· frontiersحدود· set upينشأ - يقيم
· localمحلى· Transportالنقل - المواصلات
· Economyالأقتصاد· economicsعلم الاقتصاد
· volumeحجم· expand يتوسع
· expansion توسع
· exportيصدر - تصدير
· importيستورد - استيراد
· foreign tradeتجارة اجنبية
· result in يتسبب فى
Grammar :
ضمائر الوصل Relative Pronouns
1. - تحل محل الأشخاص - Who / that
· Ex.: The boy plays tennis. He is clever.-
· The boy who / that plays tennis is clever.-
· The boy who / that is clever plays tennis.-
· Ex : This man is the train driver. I was talking with him.
· This man, who / that I was talking with, is the train driver.-
2. - Which / that - تحل محل الأشياء
· Ex : this is a fast plane. I came to Cairo by it.
· This is a fast plane by which / that I came to Cairo.
3. Whose - تستعمل لكى تدل على الملكية
· Ex.: Samia studies English . Her mother is a teacher of Math.
· Samia whose mother is a teacher of math studies English.
4. Where (which / that) - تستعمل لكى تدل على المكان
· Ex: This is the school. I learnt English in it.
· -This is the school where I learnt English.
لاحظ حذف حرف الجر
· This is the school in which / that I learnt English.
· This is the school which / that I learnt English in.
5. When - تستعمل لكى تدل على الزمان
· Ex.: I played baseball, I was in America at that time.
· -I played baseball when I was in America.
ملحوظة
- لابد من استعمال ضمير وصل عندما يحل محل الفاعل
6. which / who / that
· Ex.: The boy who got the highest marks is my neighbor.
· Ex.: She put the books which / that were here on the shelf.
- لا نحتاج لاستعمال ضمير وصل عندما يحل المفعول
· Ex.: The boy (who / that) I met yesterday is careless.
· Ex.: The jacket (which / that) Samia bought is expensive.
7. بعد كلمة all نستخدم كلمة that
· Ex.: This all that I can do for you.