اقدم لابنائي وزملائي هذه المذكرة مع مجموعة امتحانات



To be over the moon = extremely happy
To turn over a new leaf
Keep – get in touch
Around the clock
To live and learn
Put – get ملكية - Skates on
Put your feet up
To be no laughing matter
Like a bear with a sore head
Back to back
Come and go
By and large
Back to front
Give and take
Give or take
Wait and see
Now and again
Odds and ends سعيد للغاية
يبدأ صفحة جديدة
يبقى على الاتصال
يعمل ليل نهار
كلما عاش كلما تعلم
أسرع
يستلقى رافعا قدميه ( يستريح )
أمر جاد لا تسخر منه
شديد الغضب
واحد تلو الأخر
يأتي ويذهب, يظهر ويختفي
بصفة عامة
بالمقلوب
يتفاوض, اخذ وعطاء
يزيد ويقل
يصبر ويتمهل
من حين لأخر
أشياء غير مهمة

Entitled
Argue for
Temporary
Accuse of
Charge … with
Remind… of
Blameشخص.forشئ
Blame شئonشخص
Thank …for
Prefer … to
Congratulate on
Criticize...for
Provide... with
Protect …from
Hold …against
Set up … for
Do... for
Lead …. Against
Send into exile
Popular with
Familiar with
Operate on شخص
Hold a demonstration
At the age of
In defence of
In search of
Break = beat the record
*****alent to
Cope with
Get my nervous
Close to
Specialist
General practitioner
Veterinary
Midwife
Surgeon
Surgery
donate
prescription
recognize
recognition
scared
adaptable
affection
volunteer
diet
organization
recover
composer
audience
threat
threaten
vote
elections
Career
Beliefs
Interrupt
Run a shop
Nun
Homeless
Shelter
Gathering
Emotionally
Herd
Hurricane
Soak
Hammer
Polish
Publish
Conquer
Invade
Invasion
Wrap
Ingredients
Mould
Bleach
Encyclopedia
Set
Set off
Set up
Set
Set of
Mill
Grind
Glue
Signature
Frighten
Punish
Punch
Victory بعنوان
يجادل من اجل
مؤقت
يتهم بـ
يتهم بـ
يذكر بـ
يلوم على
يلوم شخص
يشكر على
يفضل على
يهنئ
ينتقد على
يمد بـ
يحمى من
يعقد ضد
يقيم – من اجل
يفعل من اجل
يقود ضد
ينفى
محبوب من
مألوف لـ
يجرى جراحة
يقوم بمظاهرة
في عمر كذا
دفاعا عن
بحثا عن
يضرب الرقم القياسي
مساوي لـ
يتأقلم
يعصبني
قريب من
متخصص
ممارس عام
طبيب بيطري
داية
جراح
جراحة
يتبرع
روشته
يتعرف على
عرف بأن
خائف
متكيف مع
حب – عطف
متطوع
نظام غذائي
منظمة
يشفى
ملحن
مستمع
تهديد
يهدد
ينتخب
انتخابات
حياة مهنية
معتقدات
يقاطع
يدير محل
راهبة
بلا مأوى- مشرد
مأوى
تجمع
عاطفيا
قطيع
إعصار
ينقع – يمتص
يدق – شاكوش
يلمع – يصقل
ينشر كتاب
يقهر- يفتتح بلد
يغزو
غزو
يلف
مقادير
قالب
يجعله ابيض
موسوعة
يحدد – يضبط
ينطلق في رحلة
يقيم
جهاز
مجموعة من
طاحونة
يطحن
يلصق
ملزمة من ورق
يخيف
يعاقب
ضربة
النصر Work against
Work for
Work on
Work into – in
Work out
Work in
Work on
Stay
Stay up
Stay with
Free of charge
For free
At no charge
Perform
Carry out
Do an operation
Take care of
Aware of
Take in a boy
Contribute to
Make contributions
Cut to size
Side by side
Drain off
Do the sweeping
Make sacrifices
Settle the dispute
Fluent in
've a command of
Essential for
Act as
Apply for
Apply to
Stand in for
In turn
Audience
Independence
Bread winner
National anthem
Revolution
Bricklayer
Bagpipes
Piper
Guilty
Innocent
Performer
Improvisation
Equality
Patriotism
authorities
Observer
Feminist
Tutor
Freelance
shuttle
Havoc
Impact
Glider
Accelerate
Mentally
Physically
Talent
Asteroid
Medieval
Divide into
Landmarks
Conflict
Procession
Parade
Sculpture
Commemorate
Townspeople
Islamic calendar
Pilgrimage
Easter
Temporary
Permenant
Constant
Crew
Staff
Opportunity
Candidate
Multi national
Efficient
Package tour
Cater for
Vacation
ensure
Bang drums يضر
يعمل لدى
يصلح – يطور
يمزج
يحل مسألة
يعمل لصالح
يؤثر على شخص
يقيم – إقامة
يسهر
يقيم مع شخص
مجانا
مجانا
مجانا
يجرى جراحة لـشخص

يعتني بـ
واعي لـ
يستضيف ولد
يساهم في
يقدم
إسهامات
يقطع طبقا للحجم
جنبا إلى جنب
يصرف المياه
يقوم بالكنس
يقدم تضحيات
يسوى النزاع

طلق في
متمكن في
ضروري / اساسى
يلعب دور
يتقدم بوظيفة
يتقدم بطلب لشركة
يمثل
بدوره - تباعا
مستمع
استقلال
عائل الأسرة
النشيد الوطني
ثورة
البناء بالأجر
نوع من المزمار
عازف المزمار
مذنب
برئ
مؤدى – ممثل
فن الارتجال
المساواة
الوطنية
سلطات
المراقب
نسائي
معلم خصوصي
مستقل
مكوك
دمار
تأثير
طائرة شراعية
يزيد سرعة
عقليا
جسمانيا
موهبة
كويكب صغير
يخص العصور الوسطى
ينقسم إلى
معالم بارزة
صراع
موكب

عرض
تمثال
يحيى ذكرى
سكان المدينة
التقويم الهجري
الحج
عيد القيامة
مؤقت
دائم
دائم
طاقم سفينة – طائرة
هيئة العاملين
فرصة
مرشح لوظيفة
متعدد الجنسيات
كفء
رحلة شاملة
يزود بـ
عطلة
يضمن – يكفل
يدق الطبل

Applicants
Ambition ( n )
Ambitious ( adj )
Energetic
Retire
Available
browse المتقدمون للوظيفة
طموح
طموح
نشيط
يعتمد عليه
متوفر
يتصفح كتابا Retire
Employee
Promote
Promotion
Campus
Based on
Based in يتقاعد
موظف
يرقى
ترقية
حرم الجامعة
قائم على
مقرها في

يضاف المقطع ( prefix ) في بداية الكلمة ليغير الكلمة إلى العكس كما أن بعض ( prefixes ) تضاف لتدل على عدد الأشياء كما إن بعض ( prefixes ) تخبرنا عن مكان الأشياء ومثال ذلك
Position Number Opposite
under تحت–sub تحت ecto خارج- super فوق–
inter بين - hypso عالي
medi منتصف sub تحت – tri ثلاثة –
uni واحد tetra أربعة –
quadr أربعة – multi كثيرة – mono ( mon ) واحد – bi اثنين – oct ثمانية –
hexa -عشرةhepta سبعة dis – ir- in – im – il – non – un- mis

1- Allow + مفعول + to + المصدر He allowed us to leave
2- let + مفعول + المصدر He let us leave
3- It takes + فترة زمنية + المصدر
It take millions of years to make fossils fuel.

It is + صفة + for + مفعول + to + المصدر

It is important for him to play football
Made from مصنوع من مادة تغيرت Butter is made from milk.
Made of مصنوع من مادة لم تتغير The table is made of wood.
Expressions
run out ينفذ turn into يتحول إلى according to تبعا لـ
depend on يعتمد على turn off يطفئ الأنوار instead of بدلا من
blow يفجر convert into يتحول إلى do a lap دورة


فاعل used to مصدر – He used to get up early حدث في الماضي
فاعل + be + used to + فعل ing – He is used to getting up early


مفعول be + used to مصدر – paper is used to write
مفعول be + used for فعل ing paper is used for writing



It + be + اسم + ضمير وصل + فعل

Columbus discovered America
It was Columbus who / that discovered America.

مضارع تام مستمر but مضارع تام منفى yet

He has been reading a novel but he hasn’t finished it yet.

Alone = on his ملكية own = by himself منعكس = without any help

He repaired his car alone = He repaired it on his own / by himself

Accuse مفعول of – n / g = charge ………with

The police accused the thief of stealing his wallet
The thief was accused of stealing his wallet

Blame شخص for n / g شئ= blame شئ on شخص

They blamed the driver for the accident
They blamed the accident on the driver

Am / is / are + supposed to = should مصدر = ought to مصدر

You should study hard = you are supposed to study hard

Was /were +supposed to مصدر =should have p.p =ought to have + p.p

You should have told me = you were supposed to مصدر

Let مصدر مفعول make مصدر مفعول make صفة مفعول
Allow مفعول + to مصدر
Cause مفعول + to مصدر
Encourage مفعول + to مصدر discourage ……….from v-ing

Enable مفعول + to مصدر
Be able to مصدر = have the ability = manage to مصدر
Be capable of v-ing
Keep + v-ing
Spend مفعول / ing
I would be grateful if you could / inf
The function of n is to مصدر



Lead to يؤدى إلى = cause يسبب = result in ينتج عنه

Unemployment leads to / results in poverty
Studying hard results in getting high marks (result from ينتج عن)
Getting high marks results from studying hard

Affect = have an effect on

Pollution affects our health badly
Pollution has a bad effect on our health
Be keen on n / g I don’t like music = I’m not keen on music

Causative سبب – فاعل (have) مفعول + p.p

I have my hair cut / trimmed – I have my shoes polished
Need to be + p.p
My hair tall / it need to be cut.

Prefer (v- ing) to (v- ing) = would rather inf

Ex: I prefer playing football to playing tennis. (would rather)
I’d rather play football to play tennis.

Get
Get on يركب / يتقدم
Get in / into يدخل
Get out ( of ) يخرج من
Get back يعود
Get over يتغلب على
Get throughينجح / يجتاز
Get off ينزل / ينجو من
Get off ينزع من Get down to يشرع في
Get on with يستمر في Get to يحبط / يضايق
Look
Look for يبحث عن
Look after يعتني بـ
Look out أحترس
Look up يبحث في قاموس
Look up to يحترم
Look forward to
يتطلع إلى
Keep
Keep on يستمر Keep outيبقى بالخارج
Keep away يتغيب عن
Keep off لا يدوس على
Make
Make out يرى / يفهم
Make up يؤلف / يخترع
Run
Run out ينفد
Run out of يستهلك
Run into يصدم
Run away يهرب
Run after يطارد / يتعقب
Run over يصدم / يدهس
Run in يلين المحرك



































mark يدل على – يشير إلى
Sham EL Nessim marks the beginning of spring.
Event حدث هام (كبير الأهمية)
The October victory is a great event in the history of Egypt.
Accident حادثة (ينتج عنها الموت)
He died in a car accident
The accident caused many deaths.
Incident حدث في قصة (شغب)
The story is full of incidents.
such a / an + صفة + اسم + that
enroll in / on يسجل "نفسه للالتحاق" بمدرسة – جامعة – برنامج تعليمي
Many students enrolled in / on the computer course
employ ……on يوظف ....... في
He employed a doctor on the clinic.
keep …….down يبقى ....... منخفض, يخفض
We must keep our expenses down.
admit يسمح
He was admitted into the stadium.
work in يعمل في مكان "قسم"
He works in the finance department. قسم المالية
work on تعمل "مشروع – إصلاح شيء"
He is working on a project.
arrive: يصل بدون مفعول - They have just arrived
arrived at (party – a school) يصل إلى أماكن صغيرة
arrived in (Egypt – Cairo) يصل إلى أماكن بعيدة
reach + مفعول - They reached the party
Trade with = I trade with Ali يتاجر مع شخص
Trade in = we trade in clothes يتاجر مع
Deal with يتعامل مع (علاقات)
Except for ما عدا go blind يصبح أعمى
Give out يهب associate with يربط بـ


Present simple:
 يتكون من مصدر الفعل ( التصريف الأول للفعل ) و يضاف s للفعل مع الفاعل المفرد الغائب: الاسم المفرد
I – we – you – they work
She – she – it works
 هناك أفعال نضيف لها es إذا كان الفاعل اسم مفردا . ضمير مفرد غائب :
( sh – ch – o – x – s )
finish he finishes
 الأفعال المنتهية بـ y و قبلها حرف ساكن نضيف لها ies يعد حرف y
Study he studied
 يأتي مع ظروف التكرار بعد عادة او حقيقة
I usually get up early
Present continuous
am – is – are - + v + ing
He is playing football now
Rewrite the sentences :
1- He speaks two language ( bilingual )
2- it is his habit to get up early ( usually )
3- the wind is used to generate electricity ( come form )
4- he is bilingual ( speak )
5- he allowed Ali to leave ( let )



Past simple :
يتكون من التصريف الثانى للفعل :
I played – He went – we bought .
Supposed to = should = ought to يجب ان – من المفترض ان
You shouldn’t smoke = you aren’t supposed to smoke
نستخدم :
Was – were supposed to = should – ought to – have + P P
You should have played well
You were supposed to play well .
infinitive المعنى Past simple Past participle
Become يصبح Became Become
Build يبنى Built Built
Buy يشترى Bought Bought
Catch يمسك Caught Caught
Choose يختار Chose Chosen
Come يأتى Came Came
Cut يقطع Cut Cut
Dig يحفر Dug Dug
Do يفعل Did Done
Draw يرسم Drew Drawn
Drink يشرب Drank Drunk
Drive يقود Drove drove
Eat يأكل Ate Eaten
Fall يقع Fell Fallen
Feel يشعر Felt Felt
Fight يحارب Fought Fought
Find يجد Found Found
Fly يطير Flew Flown
Forget ينسى Forget Forgotten
Get يحصل Got Got
Give يعطى Gave Given
Grow ينمو Grew Grown
have يملك have Had
Hear يسمع Heard Heard
Hide يخفى Hid Hidden
Keep يحفظ Kept Kept
Lay يرقد Laid Laid
Lose يفقد Lost Lost
Meet يقابل Met Met
Pay يدفع Paid Paid
Put يضع Put Put
Read يقرأ Read Read
Ride يركب Rode Ridden
Say يقول Said Said
See يرى Saw Seen
Sell يبيع Sold Sold
Send يرسل Sent Sent
Sing يغنى Sang Sung
Sit يقعد Sat Sat
Sleep ينام Slept Slept
Smell يشم Smelt Smelt
Speak يتكلم Spoke Spoken
Stand يقف Stood Stood
Sweep يكنس Swept Swept
Swim يسبح Swam Swum
Talk يتحدث Took Taken
Teach يدرس Taught Taught
Tell يخبر Told Told
Think يفكر Thought Thought
Throw يرمى Threw Thrown
Understand يفهم Understood Understood
Wake يمشى Woke Woken
Wear يرتدى Wore Worn
Win يفوز Won Won
Write يكتب Wrote Written






 يمكن التعبير عن المستقبل بالصيغ الآتية :
1- will / shall + inf 2- ( be ) going to + inf
3- present continuous 4- present simple
5- future continuous
 أولا : تستخدم will في الحالات الآتية :
1- التعبير عن حقيقة صادقة في المستقبل. I will be 17 next week
2- للتنبؤ بالأحداث . The plane will land in half an hour
3- لاتخاذ قرار سريع . I’ll have tea, please
4- للعرض بقيام بعمل ما I’ll clean this room for you .
5- للطلب will you show me the way , please ?
6- لعمل ترتيبات I’ll see you this evening .
7- للتهديد .I don’t get a good salary يستقيل I’ll resign
8- في الجمل الشرطية .You‘ll break it if you aren’t careful
9- مع الروابط الزمنية في المضارع .We won’t start till he arrives
 ثانيا : تستخدم shall للاقتراح والعرض أيضا كما تستخدم في المستقبل مع الضمائر I , we
Shall we have a party ? shall I carry this bag for you ?
 ثالثا : تستخدم صيغة going to ( be ) في الحالات الآتية :
1- للتعبير عن نية مخطط لها ومقررة قبل لحظة الكلام .
We are going to buy a car. / I’m going to make a cake.
2- للتنبؤ بالمستقبل
I think I’m going to win the prize this year.
I think it’s going to rain.

 رابعا : يستخدم المضارع المستمر للتعبير عن الأشياء والمرتب لها
He’s flying to Landon tomorrow.
I’m going home in half an hour.
 خامسا : يستخدم المضارع البسيط للاحداث المستقبلية المؤكدة حسب جدول مواعيد
The express train leaves Cairo at 5 p.m
The exams take place on 6 th June .
 سادسا : يستخدم المستقبل المستمر للتعبير عن فعل سوف يكون مستمر لفترة زمنية محددة في المستقبل
Tomorrow, I’ll be writing letters all morning.
Five months from now, they will be working on the new project.




هناك روابط تعمل عمل ( and ) وهى كالآتي


 تستخدم للربط بين فعلين
She cleaned the flat and cooked dinner. ( besides )
 She cleaned the flat besides cooking dinner.
 تستخدم للربط بيم مفعولين
Farmer grows cotton and sugar cane. ( as well as )
 Farmer grows cotton as well as sugar cane.
ملحوظــــة هامة
تستخدم ( as well as ) بمعنى " أيضا " للربط بين فاعلين وتتبع في القاعدة الفاعل الأول.

I’m clever and Heba is clever too. (as well as)
 I as well as Heba am clever.
He plays chess very well and so do I (as well as)
 Tamer and Hany were absent yesterday ( as well as )



Because
As
Since
For
He didn’t go to school because he was ill.

 هناك روابط تستخدم بدلا من الروابط السابقة ولكن يأتي بعدها v + ing) or(n) )



He didn’t go to school because of being ill.
He didn’t go to school because of his illness.



هناك مجموعة من الروابط تستخدم لربط جملتين متناقضتين وهى كآلاتي

Although
Though
Even if
Even though
Although he is clever, he is unlucky.
He is intelligent ,he can’t answer the question ( Although )
هناك روابط أخرى معناها ( بالرغم من ) ولكن لها قاعدة مختلفة غير القاعدة السابقة وهى كالآتي




Although he is rich, he is miser. ( However )
 However rich he is, he is miser.



Although he worked hard, he didn’t earn much money. ( as )
 Hard as he worked, he didn’t earn much money.


He has a great wealth, he is miser.
 Whatever great wealth he has, he is miser.
روابط أخرى تدل على التناقض

He is strong but he can’t lift this box.
 He is young, however he is strong.
- هناك روابط أخرى معناها ( بالرغم من ) تستخدم بدلا من الروابط السابقة ولكن تأتى بعدها أما ( v + ing ) و أما ( noun )

He passed the exam although he was ill. ( Despite )
Despite being ill, he passed the exam.
He passed the exam in spite of his illness.



هناك مجموعة من الروابط تستخدم لربط جملتين بينهما غرض ما وهى كالاتى :-
(So that – that – in order to – in the hope that لكي )
 إذا كان زمن الجملة ( مضارع ) يأتي بعد هذه الروابط
So that
That
In order to
He studies hard, he wants to succeed. ( so that )
 He studies hard so that he can succeed.
ملحــوظـــــــة
 إذا كانت الجملة الأصلية منفية وطلب منى استخدام هذه الروابط فلابد من
نفى ( can ) أو ( may ) فتصبحا ( mayn't – can't )
He runs quickly, he doesn’t want to miss the train. (in order that)
 He runs quickly in order that he mayn’t miss the train.
 إذا كان زمن الجملة ( ماضي ) يأتي بعد هذه الروابط

So that
In order that
Hazem went to the football match early so that he could get a good seat.
مـلحـوظـــــة:
إذا كانت الجملة الأصلية منفية وطلب منى استخدام الروابط السابقة فلابد
من نفى ( might ) ( could ) لتصبحا Couldn't ) ( mightn’t ) )
The thief hid in a secret place because he didn’t want the police to see him. (so that)
 The thief hid in a secret place so that the police couldn’t see him.



تستخدم هذه الروابط أيضا لربط جملتين بينهما غرض ولكن يأتي بعدهم ( المصدر )
Ahmed calls Ali so that he can see how he is. ( in order to )
 Ahmed calls Ali in order to see how he is.
ملحوظــة هــامـــة
إذا كانت الجملة الأصلية ( منفية ) وطلب منى استخدام الروابط السابقة فلا بد من نفيها



He took a taxi so that he couldn’t be that for work. ( so as to )
 He took a taxi so as not to be late for work.
He was tired. He went to bed early. ( so )
 He was tired so he went to bed early.







She didn’t understand the lesson because of her absence. (that’s why)
 She was absent that's why she didn't understand the lesson.
He missed the train because he got up late. ( there fore )
 He got up late therefore he missed the train.



Conditional sentences


If you study hard, you will succeed.
 If she gets up early, she will catch the 6o’clock train.
و تستخدم هذه الحالة لتدل على إمكانية وقوع الحدث.
 If you go out, buy me the papers please.
 و يمكن حذف IF و استخدام should قبل الفاعل مع استخدام الفعل في المصدر
 Should I run, I’ll catch the bus.



He doesn’t have enough money so he can’t buy a car.
If he had enough money, he would buy a car.
 لاحظ حذف Doesn’t / Don’t ووضع المصدر في التصريف الثاني

 يمكن حذف If في الحالة الثانية واستخدام were + to (inf)
If he studied hard, he would pass the exam.
 Were he to study hard, he would pass the exam.







They didn’t get up early so they couldn’t catch the bus.
 If they had get up early. They could have caught the bus.
I studied hard so I succeeded.
 If I hadn’t studied hard, I wouldn’t have succeeded.
 نستخدم بعد IF الجملة التي قبل so , therefore و التي بعد because
 إذا كانت الجملة منفية تثبت مع if و تنفى إذا كانت مثبتة
 يمكن أن تحذف If ونقدم Had على الفاعل
If they had played well, they would have won the match.
 Had they played well, they would have won the match.





If I don’t go to school early, I’ll be punished.
Unless I go to school early, I’ll be punished.
لاحظ أن فعل الشرط مع unless مثبت



If you study hard, you will succeed.
 In case of studying hard, you will succeed.



Unless he helped me, I would fail.
 But for his help / helping me, I would fail.



Without his help, I would fail.
 If it weren’t for his help, I would fail.



Without rescuers’ efforts, many people would have died.
 If it hadn’t been for the rescuers’ efforts, many people would have died.






The present perfect tense زمن المضارع التام
 يستخدم المضارع التام ليعبر عن حدث وقع منذ فترة قصيرة.
Formation التكوين
Have
Has
 يستخدم للتعبير عن حدث وقع في وما زال له اثر حتى ألان.
I have lost my key. I didn’t find it.
 يستخدم ever مع التفضيل والسؤال و never مع النفي
Have you ever seen a lion? I have never seen a lion.
Ali is the most intelligent student I have ever met.
 تستخدم yet مع المضارع التام المنفى والاستفهام .
I have been studying English all this evening but I haven’t finished yet.
 لاحظ الفرق بين have been ( ذهب لمكان وعاد منه )
 Have gone ( ذهب لمكان ولم يعد منه )
 يستخدم المضارع التام المنفي مع lately والمثبت مع recently,
I have recently seen him. / I haven't seen Samia lately.
 لاحظ استخدام المضارع التام المنفى إذا طلب منك تحويل When إلي Since
I last saw him when we were children.
I haven’t seen him since we were children.
 لاحظ تغيير المضارع التام إلى ماضي بسيط إذا طلب استبدال just بـ just now أو a moment ago
She has just written the letter (Just now)
 She wrote the letter just now.
He has been painting the flat since last year (ago)
 He started painting the flat a year ago.
 لاحظ استخدامات Since ( وتأتى بعدها بدايـــة مــــــــدة )
For (وتأتى بعدها مدة زمنية محددة)
I have studied English since 1995
 I have studied English for 7 years.
 لاحظ التركيبات الآتية :

I haven’t met him for years (Since)
 It’s years since I met him
It’s along time since he visited me. (For)
 He hasn’t visited me for a long time.
He has never played music before (ever)
 It’s the first time he has ever played music.
Ahmed is the most intelligent boy I have ever met (as …..As)
 I have never met a boy as intelligent as Ahmed
The present perfect continuous زمن المضارع التام المستمر
has
have
I've been learning English for 7 years. ( ago )
I started learning English 7 years ago.
How long have you been learning English? (ago)
How long ago did you start learning English?



passive
لتحويل الجملة من المبنى للمعلوم إلى المبنى للمجهول …. نتبع الخطوات التالية

المفعول Be P.P By الفاعل
Ali watched three films (three films …………..)
 Three films were watched by Ali.
المفعول + am, is, are + P.P
The room is cleaned الفاعل + فعل s, es , ies
He cleans the room مضارع بسيط
المفعول + was, were + P.P
The room was cleaned الفاعل + التصريف الثاني للفعل
He cleaned the room ماضي بسيط
المفعول + am, is, are +being + P.P
The room was being cleaned الفاعل + am, is , are + فعل ing
He is cleaning the room مضارع مستمر
المفعول + was, were + being + P.p
The room was being cleaned الفاعل + was – were + فعل ing
He was cleaning the room ماضي مستمر
المفعول + has – have been + P.P
The room has been cleaned الفاعل + have - has + P.P
He has cleaned the room مضارع تام
المفعول + had been + P.P
The room had been cleaned الفاعل had + P.P
He had cleaned the room ماضي تام
المفعول + الفعل الناقص + be + P.P
The room can be cleaned الفاعل + الفعل الناقص + المصدر He can clean the room الأفعال الناقصة
المفعول + will have been + P.P
The room will have been cleaned الفاعل + will have + P.P
He will have cleaned the room المستقبل التام
المفعول + going to be + P.P
The room is going to be cleaned الفاعل + …. going to + مصدر
He is going to clean the room Going to
Have to
1- The state will solve the problem. (the problem)
2- He will have found a solution. (been)
3- They had mended the watch. (the watch)
4- I can translate the passage. (be)
 نحذف by والفاعل لو بدأت الجملة بــــــ


The police arrested the thief. ( the thief )

 لو بدأت الجملة بـــ Nobody – No one – أو احتويت على don’t – doesn’t – didn't تحذف مع وضع كلمة not بعد الفعل المساعد

No one answered the question. ( the question )
They didn’t deliver the mail. ( the mail )
 لو وجدنا فاعل الجملة no one ووجدت في الجملة ever تحول إلى never
No one has ever beaten me at chess. (I have ……..)
- I have never been beaten at chess.
 الجملة التي تحتوى على مفعولين.
 إذا بدأنا بالمفعول العاقل لا نضع حرف جر.
 أو بدأنا بالمفعول الغير عاقل نستخدم for - to
to أفعــال تأخـــذ

for أفعـــال تـأخـــذ

People gave him a warm welcome.
He was given a warm welcome ( ( بدأنا بالمفعول العاقل
A warm welcome was given to him. ( بدأنا بالمفعول الغير عاقل )
 لو احتوت الجملة على ظرف طريقة يوضع قبل التصريف الثالث للفعل.
He cooked the food excellently. ( the food )
The food was excellently cooked.
He did his home work well. (His home work ……..)
 الأفعال : see , let , hear , help , make ياتى بعدها مصدر بدون " to " لكن عند التحويل نضع " to " قبل المصدر
Ex : I made Ali rewrite the report .
Ali was made to rewrite the report .
 إذا كانت الجملة منفية بـ do not أو does not او did not فعند التحويل تستخدم فعل " to be " حسب الزمن وبعده " not "
Ex : He did not follow the school regulations .
The school regulations were not followed .

 الأفعال : prefer , hate , like , love يأتي بعدها " gerund " وتحول إلى المجهول كالاتى :
Being + P.P
Ex : He hates people laughing at him .
He hates being laughed at .
 قد يأتي بعد الأفعال السابقة مصدر + to ويحول كالاتى :
To + be + P.P
Ex : He hates people to laugh at him .
He hates to be laughed at .
 إذا كان فاعل الجملة هو نفسه المفعول وهذا شائع مع الفعل let فعند التحويل نستخدم ضميرا عاكسا يعود على الفاعل :
Ex : He lets people cheat him .
He lets himself be cheated .
 يحول فعل الأمر إلى المجهول كما يلي :
أ- إثبات be + P.P + المفعول Let +
Ex : Open the door ………………………. Let the door be opened .
Don’t let + المفعول + be + P.P ب – النفي
Ex : Don’t take the money ……………….. Don’t let the money be taken .
 إذا كان بالجملة ظرف فعند التحويل إلى المجهول يفضل وضعه قبل P.P
Ex : He answered the question accurately .
The question was accurately answered.
 أفعال الرأي العام هي
agree يوافق
calculate يحسب - يقدر
feel يشعر
propose يقدم مشروع
suggest يقترح
find يجد
assume يفترض allege يزعم
claim يطالب
discover يكتشف
recommend يوصى بــ
suppose يظن – يفترض
declare يعلن
decide يقرر announce يعلن
consider يعتبر
estimate يقرر
know يعرف say يقول
think يعتقد expect يتوقع
 وتبنى للمجهول بطريقتين


People think the footballer earns a lot. (It’s …………..)
 It’s thought that the footballer earns a lot.
Every one agreed that the plan should go ahead. (It ……….)
 It was agreed that the plan should go a head.



It was expect that he got the medal.
 He was expected to get the medal.
It was said that Amr had a heart attack. (Amr ………..)
 Amr was said to have a heart attack.
لاحظ إذا كانت الجملة في زمن الماضي البسيط



People think he had stolen the bank.
He is thought to have stolen the bank.
تحــويـــل الســــؤال
Did he write the report ? ( was the report )
Yes, he wrote the report. 1- نجيب على السؤال
The report was a written by him. 2- نحول الإجابة للمجهول
Was the report written by him? 3- نضع الجملة في صيغة سؤال
عند تحويل الجملة من المبنى للمجهول إلى المبنى للمعلوم
1- ( غالبا تعطى العاقل بين الأقواس )
The students were given prizes. ( the teacher )


The teacher gave the students prizes.
يمكن استخدام التصريف الثالث فقط في جملة المجهول ( Be + p.p. + ضمير وصل)
بعد حذف ضمير الوصل وفعل Be
They ways which are used to teach grammar are various.
The ways, used to teach grammar are various.



Past perfect الماضي التام
Had + P P Formation
- تستخدم مع هذا الزمن بعض الكلمات مثل
After بعد /As soon as بمجرد أن
When
till = until

الحدث الذي وقع أولا يوضع بعد ( After ……… ) مباشرة
When - By the time – before

After he had had his lunch, he went out.
He didn’t watch T.V until he had finished work.
As soon as I had arrived at the station, the train left.


After having lunch, I went to the club. ( had )
After I had had lunch, I went to the club.
Before I ate, I had washed my hands.
By the time I started reading, I had written my home work.
* No sooner + had + فاعل + p.p than + past simple

* Hardly
* Scarcely
Having + p.p past simple
No sooner had we eaten pour lunch than we went
Hardly had he arrived when he visited me.







Direct and indirect speech المباشر والغير مباشر
لتحويل جملة من مباشر الى غير مباشر نتبع الاتى :
يحول فعل القول خارج الاقواس كما يلى :
Say to ……………………… tell
Says to ………………………tells
Said to ………………………Told Say ……………………. Say
Says …………………… says
Said …………………….Said
نحذف الأقواس ونربط بكلمة that ( او نستغني عنها )
تحول الضمائر حسب الفاعل او المفعول خارج الأقواس .
تحويل الأزمنة : يحول كل مضارع إلى ماضيه أما الماضي البسيط فأنه يبقى كما هو أو يحول إلى ماضي تام
* الأفعال الناقصة
Can , will , may could , would , might
في الاستنتاج must must have been
في الضرورة must had to
تحول الظروف وأسماء الإشارة كما يلي
last night - the night before
next week -the following week
ago - before
so -thus today - that day
tonight - that night
tomorrow - the next day
yesterday -the day before this that
these those
now then
here there
لاحظ الاتى
• أذا كانت هناك جملتان داخل الأقواس نربطهم بـ and that
• الجملة الشرطية من النوع الأول تحول إلى جملة شرطية من النوع الثاني آما الجملة الشرطية من النوع الثاني فتظل كما هى
• لا يتغير الزمن بعد
Had better – would sooner – would rather – it’s time – used to – wish
• إذا كان فعل القول خارج الأقواس مضارعا لا تتغير الأزمنة داخل الأقواس
• إذا كان هناك مخاطب داخل الأقواس تحول said إلى told وبعدها المخاطب
Ex : He said , “ I admire you , Ali "
He told Ali ( that ) he admired him .
• إذا طلب منك أن تبدأ الجملة بـ أقترح suggested و اعترفconfessed و أنكر He denied فعند التحويل تضع الفعل بعد هذه الأفعال في صيغة ing
Ex : He said to me “ I didn’t steal your money .” (He denied )
He denied stealing my money .
Ex : He said “ let’s make a tour in Cairo . ( He suggested)
He suggested making a tour in Cairo . Or
He suggested that we should make a tour in Cairo .
• إذا طلب منك أن تبدأ بـ He apologized ضع بعدها for + ing
“ I’m sorry I caused you so much trouble “ he said to me .
(He apologized )
He apologized for causing me so much trouble .
• إذا طلب منك أن تبدأ بـ : مفعول + He advised / promised
فعند التحويل نضع بعدها
في الإثباتto +
في النفي مصدر not to +
Ex : He said “ I will visit you tonight, Ali .“ B . W : He promised ……)
He promised Ali to visit him that night .
• إذا طلب منك أن تبدأ بـ مفعول + He warned
فعند التحويل ضع بعدها not to + مصدر أو a gainst + v – ing
Ex : The mother said to her child “ Don’t come near the fire “ .
The mother warned her child not to come near the fire .
against coming ………….
• إذا كانت الجملة تدل على العرض نستخدم : مصدر + offered to
Ex : “ Let me carry your bag “ said Ali
Ali offered to carry my bag .
• في حالة الاختيار said لا يأتي بعدها مفعول أما told فيأتي بعدها مفعول
Ex : He ( told / ordered / said / tells ) his father would be late .


لتحويل سؤال من مباشر لغير مباشر نتبع الخطوات الآتية :-
1- يحول فعل القول خارج الأقواس كما يلي


asks asked

2- نحذف الاقواس ونربط بـ if او whether أذا كان السؤال يبدأ بفعل مساعد أما اذا بدأ بكلمة أستفهام تبقى كما هى كأداة ربط .
3- يحول السؤال الى صيغة خبرية وذلك بتقديم الفاعل على الفعل .
4- اذا كان في السؤال do او does او did تحذف أما بقية الافعال المساعدة لا تحذف .
5- اذا كان السؤال قبل من فترة قصيرة لا تتغير الازمنة حتى لو كان فعل القول في الماضى
He said to me just now “ Do you have time to go to the cinema ?
He asked me just now if I have time to go to the cinema .

6- اذا كان ما بداخل الاقواس يعبر عن حقيقة لا تتغير الازمنة
He said to me , “ Is Ali your brother ?
He said me if Ali is my brother .
7- اذ1 كان فعل القول مضارع او مستقبل لا تتتغير الازمنة داخل الاقواس
He says to me “ Will you attend the party ? “
He asks me if I will attend the party .
8- إذا كان هناك مخاطب يأتي بعد asked
He said “ Have you finished your work , Ali ? “
He asked Ali if he had finished his work .
9- إذا كان خارج الأقواس enquire , wonder , want to know لا يتغير الزمن داخل الأقواس أما إذا كان في الماضي يتغير كل مضارع إلى ماضي ما عدا الماضي البسيط الذي يبقى كما هو أو يحول إلى ماضي تام .
“ How much does he earn ? “ (I wondered ……….)
I wondered ho much he earned .


* إذا كان السؤال يعبر عن Offer وبيدا العرض بــ Shall……. يحول فعل القول إلى Offered to + inf.
“Shall I post the letter for you? “said the boy.
The boy offered to post the letter for me.
* إذا كان السؤال يعبر عن اقتراح ويبدأ بـ How about……? أو What about ……
أو Why don't……?
v + ing
Suggested +
Should + inf + فاعل that+
“How about making a tour in Cairo ? he said .
He suggested making a tour in Cairo .
Or : He suggested that we should make a tour in Cairo .
* إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بـ ould you like يحول فعل القول إلى Ofered me + n .
“Would you like my camera ?” he said .
He offered me his camera .



Models verbs
( can – could – shall – should – will – would – may – might – must – ought to – have to – has to – had to – have got to – has got to )
Ability
Present can = ( be ) able to + مصدر
( be ) capable of + v + ing
Future will be able to + مصدر
will be capable of + v + ing
He can solve the problem.
He is able to solve.
Past Could + مصدر =
He could swim quickly .
He was able to swim .
2- Possibility الإمكانية / الاحتمال
Present ( could – may / might + inf …….)
He could / may – might be a liar.
Past ( could – may – might + have + p.p )
He might have failed . He looked unhappy.
It is possible that he stole the wallet ( might )

3- Advice …….. النصح
Future / Present ( Should – ought to + مصدر )
I advise you to visit the doctor. ( should ………)
Past ( should / ought to) + have + p.p
I don’t know if he came or not . ( should have )

4- Deduction الاستنتاج
Present ( must / can’t + مصدر )
Past ( must / can’t have + p.p )
I don’t think he is the mayor. ( can’t …….)
I am sure he won the race . ( must )

5- Permission الاذن – السماح
( Can I / Could I / May I / Might I + inf ……..…. ? هل يمكننى
Do you allow me to borrow your book ? ( Could )

6- Request الطلب
Can you ………..? - Will you ………..?
Could you / Would you ………….?
Can you lend me some money ? ( Would you mind ……..)
7- Offer العرض
Will you ……………?
Can I post the letter for you ?
8- Suggestion الاقتراح
Shall we go to the cinema ?
We can / could go for a walk .
9- Asking for advice طلب النصيحة
Shall I ………..?
What shall / should I do ? ماذا يجب أن أفعل


10- Necessity الضرورة
Present
must
have to / has to
have got to / has got to
Past had to + مصدر
had to + inf = It was necessary for .to. كان من الضروري.... أن .....
Future will have to + مصدر
will have to + مصدر It will be necessary for …. to
سوف يكون من الضروري
It was necessary for them to buy a car . ( had to )
It is necessary for Samy to study hard . ( has to )



Present
needn’t
don’t have to
doesn’t have to
hasn’t got to
haven’t got to
Past
didn’t have to + مصدر = It wasn’t necessary for لم يكن من الضروري
It wasn’t necessary for you to visit Alaa. ( didn’t )
It isn’t necessary for the teacher to punish the students.( needn’t )
Prohibition المنع – التحريم
It isn’t allowed to …………. غير مسموح
It is against the law ضد القانون
It is forbidden ……… ممنوع
It is banned
It isn’t allowed to drive in that way. ( allowed )




1- Conjunctions of sequence
( then ثم – بعد ذلك - after wards بعد ذلك - next بعد ذلك - when حينما - after بعد - as soon as بمجرد أن - subsequently بالتالي – ومن ثم – فيما بعد – finally في النهاية )
3- Conjunctions which describe occurrence ( two actions are happening at the same time )
At this stage / وعند هذه المرحلة At the same time في نفس الوقت
As this happens وأثناء حدوث هذا / Simultaneously في نفس الوقت
He was listening to the radio and at the same time watching TV
Demonstrative pronouns ضمائر الإشارة
( This – these )
This نستخدم للإشارة لشيء واحد
I bought a car this was old.
This تستخدم لتشير إلى جملة
I couldn’t buy the car .This made me sad .
These تشير للجمع
He bought a vase , a camel and a luster . These will be put in the flat.
A Exercises
Choose the correct answer:
1- …………..forms of energy will last forever.
a) fossil b) renewable c) non-renewable d) exhaust
2- …………..is a way to reuse materials such as paper and metal.
a) Reform b) Cycling c) Recycling d) Consumption
3- The wind is used to …………..electricity.
a) form b) generate c) do d) run
4- …………..is the energy from the heat of the earth.
a) geothermal b) geology c) hydroelectric d) fossil
5- Rubbish should be dumped in a ………………
a) landscape b) landmark c) landfall d) landfill
6- My computer is ……………to the internet.
a) formed b) touched c) connected d) concerned
7- Atomic energy is produced by …………… atoms.
a) spelling b) spilling c) splitting d) spreading
8- He ……………..20 haps in a short time and won the race.
a) made b) did c) gave d) took
9- Now, fast meals are ……………to our houses.
a) sent b) posted c) delivered d) mailed
10- Computerized cars will be …………….show in the near future.
a) in b) on c) of d) by
11- Mothers………….care of their children.
a) give b) have c) take d) make
12- I need to ………………some repairs on my TV.
a) do b) make c) have d) carry
13- The government ………….a lot of money for this project.
a) rose b) spent c) raised d) aroused
14- Bread is made……………wheat.
a) of b) from c) by d) with
15- Windows are made…………….wood and metal.
a) of b) from c) by d) with
16- He is a member of a theatre ……………….
a) company b) society c) organization d) association
17- He used a ……………….on his articles instead of his real name.
a) surname b) pen-name c) nickname d) first name
18- Dr. Bint el-Shatie ……………the woman’s right.
a) attacked b) inquired c) advocated d) denied
19- He can’t read or write, he is ……………….
a) literate b) illiterate c) logical d) illogical
20- No one has ………………the accident.
a) lived b) alive c) survived d) ran away
21- I’ve read a book ……………..”Islamic culture”.
a) called b) named c) entitled d) said
22- I’ve read all the …………..of Naguib Mahfous.
a) master cards b) masterpieces c) mastermind d) masterdoing
23- Egypt has ……………..great changes over the years.
a) witnessed b) seen c) looked d) observed
24- The USA wants to …………..the whole world.
a) donate b) dominate c) eliminate d) illuminate
25- Finding a job is not an easy ………………
a) task b) work c) action d) order
26- The government imposed a lot of ……………….on imports.
a) restrictions b) destruction c) construction d) structures
27- I’m ……………buying a new car.
a) thinking b) considering c) seeing d) examining
28- ……………things float in space.
a) weightless b) heavy c) weightlifting d) massive
29- We don’t have any video sets in …………..at present.
a) shop b) stock c) store d) safe
30- something …………..wrong in may car.
a) had b) worked c) came d) went
31- We can ……………our friends in the internet.
a) send b) e-mail c) phone d) call
32- Some people are in ………………of Globalization.
a) favour b) favourite c) favoured d) favourable
33- Hard work ……………your chance to succeed.
a) enhances b) moves c) rises d) arises
34- Nowadays, a lot of space crafts …………..the earth.
a) spin b) orbit c) rotate d) travel

35- She told me what happened ……………... detail.
a) in b) on c) with d) of
36- …………….can predict when eclipses take place.
a) Asteroids b) Astronauts c) Astrologers d) Astronomers
37- Eclipses are one of the …………..of the universe.
a) marvels b) types c) methods d) ways
38- This article …………..with eclipses.
a) deals b) connects c) joins d) ties
39- She died in ……………circumstances.
a) mystery b) mysterious c) obvious d) clear
40- Some people …………….bad luck with the number “13”.
a) associate b) join c) connect d) link
41- Some people ………….drums to drive away evil spirits.
a) break b) bang c) ring d) hit
42- There are still a lot if …………in some countries.
a) supersonic b) superstitions c) superstitious d) supervision
43- ………eclipse occurs when the moon is between the sun and the earth.
a) solar b) lunar c) total d) partial
44- ……………….is the money you need to start a business.
a) capital b) capitalism c) capitalist d) capitalize
45- Amr Mousa was our ……………in the United Nations.
a) representative b) actor c) operator d) receptionist
46- We have to …………….some tree to make them grow better.
a) cut b) plant c) prune d) eliminate
47- To rent a flat, you should sign a ……………….
a) signature b) contract c) document d) law
48- He bought a ……………of land build a hotel.
a) plot b) plate c) black d) flat
49- Some fruit need to be planted in a ………………
a) greengrocer b) greenhouse c) green boxes d) basins
50- Some projects can …………… a profit in a short time.
a) give b) make c) do d) have
51- I like being my own ……………..
a) boss b) colleague c) employee d) servant
52- He took a …………..from the bank to start a business.
a) money b) debt c) loan d) profit
53- If you can’t start a business alone, you should look for a ……………
a) partner b) manager c) supervisor d) representative
54- New projects will take ……………a lot of unemployed youth.
a) in b) off c) after d) out

55- A trade …………..from Japan will visit Egypt.
a) band b) team c) delegation d) gang
56- Archaeologists are …………….. a new site in the desert.
a) building b) examining c) excavating d) burying
57- The rays of the sun …………..the statue of Ramses II twice a year.
a) appear b) illuminate c) eliminate d) dominate
58- The Great wall of China is the longest ………….ever built.
a) structure b) construction c) destruction d) instruction
59- The statue was ………………out of stone.
a) curved b) carved c) excavated d) broken
60- The pyramids were built to ……………..for centuries.
a) last b) keep c) go d) make
61- Nowadays, most buildings are designed to ………….earthquakes.
a) withstand b) withdraw c) protect d) prevent
62- Army soldiers live and work in ………………
a) villas b) watchtowers c) barracks d) stables
63- Part of Cairo Metro runs in a ………………under the Nile.
a) funnel b) tunnel c) canal d) channel
64- Some people like visiting their dead in the ……………
a) courtyard b) fortress c) graveyard d) temple
65- Al- Karnak temple is the most famous ……………….in Luxor.
a) landmark b) trademark c) mark d) sign
66- The opposite of “permanent” is …………….
a) constant b) temporary c) everlasting d) eternal
67- It is healthy to use the stairs than to use the ……………..
a) ladder b) pulleys c) escalator d) lift
68- Soldiers who guards the camp sit in a ……………….
a) cave b) watchtower c) barracks d) barrages
69- Abu Simble was rescued from being ……………….
a) submerged b) subdivided c) sub-zero d) sub-way
70- Tourists like to ………..their stay in Egypt.
a) extend b) enlarge c) intend d) increase
71- The …………..controls the country’s money.
a) treasure b) treasurer c) treasury d) treasured
72- The …………..is the strongest part of the tree which branches grow from.
a) trunk b) root c) bark d) ring
73- Scientists use a ……………..to date the tree without killing them.
a) telescope b) microscope c) borer d) meter
74- “Annually” means ………………..
a) daily b) weekly c) monthly d) yearly

75- The ……………of the root is to transport water from soil to the trunk.
a) function b) duty c) responsibility d) task
76- He …………….up stealing the jewels.
a) confessed b) said c) owned d) brought
77- The climate of this area has changed ……………the years.
a) over b) in c) from d) since
78- Some countries suffer from ………….because of lack of rain.
a) rainfall b) drought c) floods d) cataract
79- “Damp” means………………….
a) new b) dry c) old d) wet
80- A. ……………tree is that loses its leaves in Autumn.
a) deciduous b) coniferous c) every green d) palm
81- A ……………tree is that has green leaves all the year round.
a) palm b) deciduous c) coniferous d) ever green
82- The …………of America are Indians.
a) original b) aboriginal c) descendants d) population
83- We use ……………to prevent wounds from being infected.
a) antibodies b) anti-septic c) antibiotics d) Insecticides
84- The bark is the ……………..outer layer of the trunk.
a) tough b) soft c) transparent d) liquid
85- There are a lot of ………….. of spiders.
a) spices b) species c) spaces d) pieces
86- We add ………….….to our food to give it a flavour.
a) spices b) species c) spaces d) aspects
87- The baby should be given regular ……….……
a) astonishment b) nourishment c) flourishment d) punishment
88- Rain forests ……………up the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
a) dry b) soak c) from d) absorb
89- “Absorb” means ………….
a) soak in b) soak of c) soak out d) soak up
90- ………….makes plants green.
a) Chlorophyll b) oxygen c) carbon d) nitrogen
91- Trees are the ………………of oxygen.
a) absorbents b) suppliers c) doer d) stores
92- A. doctor uses a ……………to listen to patients’ heartbeats.
a) telescope b) microscope c) stethoscope d) thermometer
93- ……………is the science of growing plants without soil.
a) hydroelectric b) hydroponics c) hydrology d) hydrates
94- ………………is the process by which plants make food.
a) photography b) photosynthesis c) hydroponics d) chlorophyll

95- “Nutrients” means ………………
a) chemicals b) air c) food substance d) oxygen
96- All humans………………in oxygen.
a) make b) create c) breathe d) supply
97- The …………..of forests is a great danger for the environment.
a) clearness b) clearance c) cleanliness d) cleaning
98- A ……………..is used to pour liquids.
a) tunnel b) flask c) funnel d) tripod
99- Some ……………….in my bike need to be changed.
a) spokes b) spoken c) speck d) specks
100- …………….helps women in childbirth.
a) An oculist b) A surgeon c) A midwife d) A specialist
101- Cairo has a lot of ……………which appeal to people to live these.
a) facilities b) faculties c) abilities d) qualities
102- He ……………..a large sum of money to build a hospital.
a) dominated b) donated c) won d) lost
103- Hurgada will …………..a lot of tourists this year.
a) contain b) take c) host d) dismiss
104- Some medicines aren’t sold without a ………………..
a) description b) prescription c) perception d) reception
105- He is a …………… he works at no charge.
a) volunteer b) donor c) professional d) freelance
106- A …………..is someone who gives medical treatment to animals.
a) doctor b) surgeon c) veterinary d) Gp
107- Surgeons………….. out operations in hospitals.
a) operate b) perform c) carry d) do
108- She ………….the cheque in the letter she sent to her mother.
a) included b) enclosed c) concluded d) contained
109- The TV programs start with the national ………………
a) anthem b) opening c) poem d) verse
110- Saad Zaghloul was sent into ………………for his patriotism.
a) hell b) exit c) exhale d) exile
111- The ……………is the person who supports the family financially.
a) bread maker b) breadwinner c) bread seller d) bread-buyer
112- Some people are fluent and can …………….long speeches.
a) improve b) improvise c) compose d) impose
113- A person who writes music is a……………..
a) playwright b) composer c) writer d) veterinary
114- The court ………….that he was guilty.
a) decreed b) witnessed c) informed d) recognized

115- He was found ……………and set free.
a) guilty b) innocent c) criminal d) murderer
116- He …………great contributions to his country and humanity.
a) did b) gave c) made d) performed
117- In the past, women didn’t have the right to ………………
a) talk b) vote c) cry d) say
118- Mother Teresa began her life as a ……….. in a church.
a) run b) nurse c) priest d) oracle
119- The thief was arrested and handed ………….to the police.
a) out b) off c) over d) up
120- The students intend to ……….a demonstration against the increase in their fees.
a) make b) take c) hold d) do
121- Saad Zaghloul was the leader of 1919……………
a) revolution b) solution c) march d) demonstration
122- “Aviation” means ……………
a) typing b) filling c) diving d) flying
123- ……………..people can’t hear.
a) Dumb b) Deaf c) Blind d) Lame
124- ……………is love of one’s country .
a) Betrayal b) Justice c) Patriotism d) Honesty
125- Some students depend on private…………..
a) teachers b) tutors c) headmasters d) workers
126- Press forms the ……………….opinion.
a) public b) general c) private d) special
127- The demonstrators were …………against the unfair law.
a) preventing b) protecting c) protesting d) providing
128- The weather ………….says it will be fine tomorrow.
a) forecast b)prediction c) expectation d) prophecy
129- People can get on your nerves. This means they can……………
a) cheer you up b)please you c) annoy you d) burn your nerves
130- The Pharaohs are our …………….
a) descendants b)ancestors c) generations d) sons
131- Satellites are used for ……………sensing.
a) for b)distant c) remote d) high
132- The earthquake caused ………….all over Cairo.
a) havoc b)danger c) effect d) impact
133- ………………is a set of books about all branches of knowledge.
a) A signature b)An encyclopedia c) A reference d) a brochure
134- Papyrus was ……………in water to make it stick together.
a) soaked b)produced c) melted d) dissolved
135- A ………………is a printed sheet of paper folded into 16 pages.
a) booklet b)brochure c) notebook d) signature
136- She prepared the …………….to make a cake.
a) components b)elements c) ingredients d) compounds
137- There are…………….of kings and queens in the temple.
a) obelisks b)sculptures c) bodies d) museums
138- Muslims …………..sacrifices on Eid El-Adha.
a) give b)make c) present d) offer
139- Many countries …………..their independence Day.
a) make b)celebrate c) hold d) forget
140- We gather crops in the …………………season.
a) spring b)harvest c) production d) farming
141- I failed to …………..dispute between them.
a) solve b)workout c) settle d) answer
142- The state tries to provide job ……………for youth.
a) opportunities b)occasions c) facilities d) incidents
143- He doesn’t ……………..a driving license.
a) carry b)hold c) catch d) contain
144- You should ……………your CV when applying for a job.
a) move b)present c) forward d) offer
145- ………………is a false hair.
a) A rug b)A wig c) A Fog d) A mug
146- Stuntmen must be …………..
a) old b)odd c) fat d) risky
147- ……………..are individual picture in a film.
a) shots b)Portraits c) Paintings d) photos
148- The applicant should have a ……………appearance.
a) smart b)slim c) ugly d) disgusting
149- He has the personal …………..that enhance his chance of the job.
a) equality b)qualities c) quantities d) facilities
150- He got ……….quickly for his cleverness at work.
a) dismissed b)promoted c) retired d) stormed
151- Ali ……………on an evening course in computer.
a) enrolled b)joined c) attended d) entered
152- Reading helps us ……………..a lot of knowledge.
a) acquire b)require c) inquire d) earn
153- Government officials ………………at the age of 60.
a) retire b)appointed c) employed d) apply
154- …………….learning lasts forever.
a) Distance b)Lifelong c) University d) Academic

155- He was wrong and should turn over a new………..
a) paper b)gate c) sheet d) leaf
156- You’ve worked so much. You should put up your…………..
a) head b)hands c) feet d) legs
157- When he lost the game, he was like a ………..with a sore head.
a) tiger b)bear c) lion d) dog
158- Bringing up children is a no ……………matter.
a) easy b)laughing c) shouting d) crying
159- You have to study around the ……………to pass the exams.
a) clock b)watch c) hour d) time
160- Mona was over the ………….when she succeeded.
a) moon b)sun c) planets d) starts
161- Successful partnership need a lot of …………..
a) back to back b)back to front c) give and take d) give or take
162- By and large “means ………………
a) occasionally b)generally speaking
c) odds and ends d) back to back
163- I visit my grandfather ………………
a) now and again b)back to front c) give and take d) live and learn
164- “Put your skates on” means …………….
a) have some rest b)hurry up c) be patient d) never mind
165- he gave me a box full of …………….
a) odds and ends b)give and take c) by and large d) wait and see
166- My Villa is …………..to yours.
a) similar b)the same c) like d) unlike
167- She was …………..on music.
a) fond b)interested c) crazy d) keen
168- He is ………….with his success.
a) happy b)proud c) pleased d) worried
169- Try to avoid …………..at night.
a) drive b)to drive c) driven d) driving
170- She refused …………..the conference.
a) attend b)attending c) to attend d) attended
171- She was blamed ………………the accident.
a) on b)for c) by d) of
172- ……………she taken a taxi, she would have arrived late.
a) If b)Unless c) Had d) Hadn’t
173- I can’t stand …………….a child cry.
a) seen b)see c) seeing d) to see
174- He ………….me where I had been.
a) said b)told c) asked d) wondered
175- He wondered why …………..early.
a) did I leave b) had I left c) I left d) will I leave
176- ……………the bad weather, we would have gone swimming .
a) In case of b) if c) unless d) But for
177- You should avoid …………the same mistake.
a) make b)to make c) making d) made
178- He had finished work ……………, he went to bed.
a) After b)Afterwards c) At this stage d) However
179- She does her best ……………….make up for the time she wasted.
a) so that b)so c) so as to d) because
180- …………..the bad weather, we had a picnic.
a) Although b)For all c) However d) Because
181- You should study hard ………….you’ll fail.
a) therefore b)otherwise c) afterwards d) subsequently
182- Would you mind…………the radio down?
a) turn b) to turn c) turning d) turned
183- It’s no use …………….for him. He won’t come.
a) waiting b) of waiting c) wait d) to wait
184- I’d rather ……………coffee.
a) have b) to have c)having d) had
185- Turbines are used to generate ( gas – electricity – liquids – oxygen )
186- Winds , the sun and water are ( unclear- renewable – nonrenewable )
forms of energy .
187- Geothermal energy means energy from heat inside the ( air – sun - ground )
188- When atoms ( spelt – spilt – split – spoiled ) they produce power .
189- He carried out an experiment that blew ( up – out – in- ) the lab
190- Recycling is a method to ( make – rebuild – reuse ) materials
191- Materials such ( as- for – with ) glass & wood can be recycled .
192- Coal , Oil & gas are all ( renewable – fossil – nuclear ) fuels
193- Hydroelectric stations ( renew – generate – recycle ) electricity .
194- Sugar cause teeth ( increase – decrease – decay ) .
195- Fossil fuel , lie ( on- above - beneath ) the surface of the earth
196- The sun’s energy is ( radiated – reclaimed – ridden ) to the earth .
197- The ( equipment – monuments – remains ) of dead animals
& plants make fossils .
198- Liquid hydrogen & Oxygen are used to ( fuel – foul –foil ) rockets .
199- Take this book instead ( on – of – for ) that one .
200- ( Hydroelectric – Solar – Nuclear – Atomic ) power uses water to generate electricity

Arise ينشأ arose arisen
Awake يوقظ awoke awoken
Bear يتحمل bore borne
Bear يلد bore born
Choose يختار chose chosen
Eat يأكل ate eaten
Bite يعض bit bitten
Hide يختبىء hid hidden
Drive يقود drove driven
Forget ينسى forgot forgotten
Freeze يتجمد froze frozen
Speak يتكلم spoke – spoken
Steal يسرق stole – stolen
Break يكسر broke – broken
Swear يحلف القسم swore – sworn
Tear يمزق tore – torn
Wake يستيقظ woke – woken
Wear يرتدى wore – worn
Take يأخذ took – taken
Mistake يخطىء - mistook –mistaken
Shake يهز – يرج shook – shaken
Give يعطى gave – given
Forsake يخذل forsook –forsaken
Give يعطى gave given
See يرىsaw seen
Go يذهب went gone
Forgive يعفو forgave forgiven
Forbid يمنع forbade forbidden
Begin يبدأ began begun
Drink يشرب drank drunk
Ring يرن rang rung
Sing يغنى san sung
Sink يغوص sank sunk
Spring ينبع sprang sprung
Swim يعوم swam swum
Burn يحرق burnt burnt
Lean يتكىء leant leant
Smell يشم smelt smelt
Spell يتهجى spelt spelt
Spill يسكب spilt spilt
Spoil يفسد spoilt spoilt
Dig يحفر dug dug
Hang يعلق hung hung
Shrink ينكمش shrunk shrunk
Stick يلصق stuck stuck
Sting يلدغ stung stung
Swing يتأرجح swung swung
Win يفوز won won
Shine يسطع shone shone
Find يجد found found
Bind يربط bound bound
Grind يطحن ground ground Draw يرسم drew drawn
Fly يطير flew flown
Grow ينمو يزرع grew grown
Know يعرف knew known
Throw يرمى threw thrown
Bring يحضر brought brought
Buy يشترى bought bought
Catch يمسك caught caught
Fight يحارب fought fought
Teach يعلم taught taught
Think يفكر thought thought
Seek يسعى sought sought
Build يبنى built built
Bid يودع bid bid
Broad cast يبث
Broad cast - Broad cast
Burst ينفجر Burst Burst
Cut يقطع Cut Cut
Hit يضرب Hit Hit
Hurt يؤذى Hurt Hurt
Let يدع – يسمى Let Let
Put يضع Put Put
Set يحدد – يضبط set set
Read يقرأ Read Read
Spread ينتشر Spread Spread
Shut يطلق Shut Shut
Bend يحنى bent bent
Send يرسل sent sent
Lend يقرص lent lent
Spend ينفق – يقضى spent spent
Become يصبح become – become
Run يجرى ran run
Hear يسمع heard heard
Hold يمسك held held
Lay يضع laid laid
Say يقول said said
Pay يدفع paid paid
Deal يتعامل dealt dealt
Feel يشعر felt felt
Leave يترك – يغادر left left
Lose يفقد lost lost
Mean يعنى – يقصد meant-meant
Meet يقابل met met
Creep يزحف crept crept
Feed يطعم fed fed
Shoot يصوب shot shot
Sleep ينام slept slept
Sweep يكنس swept swept
Wind يلف wound wound
Bet يرجح – يتوقع bet bet Blow يهب – ينفخ blew blown
Weep ينتحب wept wept

Civilization حضارة
Civil war حرب اهلية
Civil marriage
زواج عرفى
Civil servant
موظف بالدولة
Despite = in spite of
رغم عن
Efforts جهود
The percentage
النسبة المئوية
Poverty الفقر
Abject poverty
فقر مدقع
Rural ريفى
Urban حضرى
Literate متعلم – مثقف
Illiterate الامية
Fight يحارب – يقاوم
Abolish يلغى – يمحو
wipe out يزيل – يمحو
Eradicate يزيل
Eliminate يزيل
Quality الجودة
Equality المساواة
Co-operation التعاون
Integration التكامل
Fraternityالاخاء
Brotherhood الاخوة
Solidarity التضامن
Justice العدل
Injustice الظلم
Oppression الظلم
Oppressed مظلوم
Oppressor ظالم Destroy يدمر
Destruction تدمير
Destructiveمدمر
Optimism التفاؤل
Optimist متفائل
Pessimism التشاؤم
Pessimist متشائم
Fail يفشل
Failure الفشل
Self – confidence
الثقة بالنفس
Self reliance
الاعتماد على النفس
Consume يستهلك
Consumer مستهلك
Strong will الادارة القوية
Satisfy يرضى
Satisfaction الاكتفاء الذاتى
Produce ينتج
Producerمنتج
Product منتج
Production أنتاج
Local products
منتجات محلية
Productive youth
شباب منتج
Productive society
مجتمع منتج Invest يستثمر
Investor مستثمر
Investment أستثمار
Motive دافع – حافز
Motivate يحث
Civil مدنى
Civility كياسة Appear يظهر
Disappear يختفي
Appearance مظهر
Disappearance أختفاء
Confront يواجه
Confrontation المواجهة
Face وجه – يواجه
Fact حقيقة
Factual واقعى
Succeed ينجح
Success نجاح
Successfulبنجاح
Achieve ينجز
Achievements انجازات
Terror رعب
Terrify يرعب
Terrorism الإرهاب
Terrorist أرهابى
Tour جولة سياحية
Tourism سياحة
Tourist سائح
Expect يتوقع
Responsible for
مسئول عن
Responsibility مسئولية
The duty of واجب
Political parties
الاحزاب السياسية
Deprive يحرم
Deprivation حرمات
Innocent برئ
Innocence براءة
Citizen مواطن
Agood citizen مواطن صالح

تعلم اللغات الأجنبية والحاسب الآلي ضرورة لا غنى عنها في الوقت الحالي
Learning foreign languages and the computer is indispensable for every educated person at present / nowadays .
الكل في الأخطاء سواء ويتعلم من أخطائه الحكماء وذلك في المواقف المختلفة.
- All in mistakes are the same and the wise learns from his mistakes in different situations .
يحتفل العالم بيوم البيئة العالمي في 5 يونيو كل عام في مدينة تختلف عن سابقتها.
- The world celebrates the World Environment Day on 5th June every year in a city different from the previous one .
تكون مخطئا إذا اعتقدت إن الصداقة يمكن شراؤها بالمال.
- You will be mistaken if you think that friendship can be bought with money .
إن الشخص المتفائل غالبا ما يلتزم بعمله على العكس الشخص المتشائم.
- The optimistic person usually sticks ( adheres ) to his work , unlike ( contrary to ) the pessimistic one.
يجب أن نعتبر المال وسيلة لا غاية , بمعنى أخر يجب ألا يجمع المال فقط بل يستثمر في مشروعات مفيدة.
-We should consider money a means not an end , in other words we should not only collect money but also invest it in useful projects .
إن موقف مصر من الأحداث الجارية يوضح سماتنا وقيمنا الجميلة.
- Egypt's attitude towards the current events shows our characteristics and noble values .
إن إنشاء دولة فلسطينية هو السبيل الوحيد ليعم السلام القائم على العدل في الشرق الأوسط.
- Setting up Palestinian country is the only means to prevail peace based on justice in the Middle East .
علينا ان نشجع السياحة الداخلية لنعوض ما حدث للسياحة الخارجية.
- We should encourage local ( home ) tourism to make up for what had happened to the foreign one .
يجب أن نعمل ليل نهار لتحي أمالنا في حياة أفضل.
We should work day and night (around the clock) to achieve ( realize ) our hopes for a better life .

Sample Exam 1 U (1-2)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following dialogue: between Mona and Ayah were students at the faculty of engineering seven years ago. They met by chance when they went downtown.
Mona: Fancy meeting you here after such a long time!
Ayah : ......,....................................(1).... ............................
Mona: Nice to meet you too .............(2)................................?
Ayah : I've been working with the Cairo Metro project .......(3).....?
Mona: As for me, I have a part-time job in 10th of Ramadan City.
Ayah : What else ...........................(4).................... .............?
Mona: I'm doing postgraduate studies three days a week.
Ayah : I wish you best of luck. Bye!
Mona: same to you. Cheers.

2. Supply the missing parts in the following mini-dialogues:
1- Two students are talking about computer CD games.
S1:.........................(1)................... ......?
S2: If you ask me; it's a waste of time.

2- It's very cold. Marwa wants to close the window and Doaa agreed.
Marwa: Do you mind if I close the window?
Doaa : ..................(2).........................

3- You entertain your friend to dinner at a good restaurant and he
accepts the invitation.
You :.............,...(3).................
Friend : ................. (4).................

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1. The sun is the most important.................. of light and heat.
a) resource b) source c) store d) sign
2. We always celebrate our wedding .................... with dinner in an
expensive restaurant.
a) anniversary b) announcement c) annoyance d) anthology
3. A multinational forces for peace usually comes from ...... countries.
a) one b) two c) many d) little
4. We are in need of making full use of our natural .......in developing plans.
a) sources b) resources c) results d) researches
5. When he was on a holiday, he always ........... to the beach.
a) goes b) went c) was done d) is going
6. We were supposed to meet the boss. This means, We ..............
a) met b) didn't meet c) have met d) have to met
7.1 always make sure I have a ............ supply of food in my house.
a) plenty b) plentiful c) pleasant d) playful
8. Some submarines run .................... atomic energy.
a) at b) in c) on d) by
9. It's after midnight. You aren't supposed to be... your homework now
a) done b) do c) doing d) does
10. Submarines move ................. water.
a) over b) above c) below d)on
11. A monosyllabic word consists of.............. syllable (s).
a) one b) two c) no d) three
12. It's advisable to reuse materials .......... than just throw them.
a) other b) rather c) more d) less
13. Dr Aisha spent most of her life ................... women's rights.
a) promotion b) promoting c) rising d) defaming
14. Mubarak has been an observer of the events, which take place in his
a) time life b) lifetime c) living time d) life's time
15. "Harnelt" is one of Shakespeare's ...................
a) articles b) matters c) masterworks d) researches
16.1 won't take ................ anymore of your time.
a) on b) up c) down d) away

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1. The vehicles which run on solar-power get their energy from the sun. (Solar-powered)
2. The new drug doesn't do well. It has no effect. (effective)
3. You are careless you should have done your homework,(supposed)
4. The concert was supposed to be given in the open, but a storm blew up. (should)
5. He misspelled three words in his composition. (wrongly)

C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
A clever person used to mean a person who would exert efforts to achieve a legitimate aim. Hence, a clever pupil is a bright one who makes the best of his educational chances. A clever lawyer is one who handles the law so as to prove that his client is in the right. A clever doctor gives the right diagnosis for his patients' ailments and prescribes the right medicine for them.
To achieve a legitimate aim............(1).
The clever lawyer handles the law to............(2).
A brilliant doctor..-.......(3).

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
Solar Energy is a term that usually means the direct use of sunlight to produce heat or electric power. The sun's energy is plentiful, but it is distributed over a large area and must be collected and concentrated to produce usable power. Solar technology is improving rapidly, and someday it may provide a clean and abundant source of power.
There are two chief ways that sunlight may be converted into electric power. (1) directly, in a process called photovoltaic conversion, or (2) by solar thermal conversion, which converts light to heat and then to electric power. Nearly all the energy that we use is actually solar energy - energy from the sun. For example, solar energy stored in plants millions of years ago makes up fuels as coal, petroleum and natural gas. Moreover the sun's heat evaporates moisture so that it may fall back to earth as rain.
The sun also powers the air currents that cause the wind to blow.
Solar cells can turn sunlight directly into electricity, and in remote parts of some developing countries, solar cells provide electricity to pump water for drinking and growing crops and to power refrigerators storing medicines.

Answer the following questions :-
1 . What is solar energy used for?
2. In what way can solar cells be useful in remote areas?
3. Name the chief ways by which sunlight may be converted into electric power.
4. Find in the text words which mean:
a) far b) fast

Choose the right answers -:
5. Conversion means:
a- process of changing something from one form to another.
b- to move very slowly and seriously.
c-a series of actions that someone takes,
d- to develop something quickly.
6. Solar energy is:
a- of no value to us. b- of no use to us.
c-of great value to us. d- little value for us.
7. The underline pronoun it means...............
a- sun b- sun's rays c- sun's heat d- moisture

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1- What was on the picture on Leila's beside table?
2- How were Leila and Samira different?
3- What was Dr Hafez doing in Peru?


B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
"/ don't want you falling off a mountain in the Andes"
a) Who said this to whom?
b) Where was Dr. Hafez then?
c) What was the speaker afraid of? Why?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1- Although the Incas didn't have any writing, they.......................
2- It was only kings and nobles who........................................
3- Leila was so excited to be going to Peru as ...........................

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"Egypt is rich in sources of energy"
- Oil, gas, electricity, Solar energy.
- Neighbouring countries import oil and gas.
- Electricity is a new field in trade.

F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
Egypt has a strong cultural history. Some of the greatest Arabic writers, musicians and craftsmen have been Egyptians. In this century, Taha Hussein, Tawfiq Al Hakim and Naguib Mahfouz are known writers in the Arab world.

b) Translate into English:-
تعتبر الطاقة الكهلرومائية مصدر نظيف ورخيص التكلفة..

Sample Exam 2 U (3-4)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following - An American tourist has arrived In Cairo. He went to a hotel to
reserve a room for a week
Receptionist: Good evening, sir. .........(1)...................................... ?
Tourist : Good evening. I'd like to book a room overlooking the Nile.
Receptionist: ..................................(2)............. .....................?
Tourist : Single, please with a bathroom.
Receptionist: ..................................(3)............. .....................?
Tourist : A week from tonight.
Receptionist: ..............................,...(4)............. .....................?
Tourist : Bill Hidson. Passport No. 1527/95.
Receptionist: Thank you, sir. Here's your key. The porter will carry your luggage up.

2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:
1- A: I'd like to buy 2007 Toyota.
B: It's a good choice and a good buy.
A: What sort of accessories does this model
have?
B: A radio-cassette recorder, an air conditioner,
safety seat belts, and safety air bags.

2-A: What time is my flight, please?
B: What's your flight number?
A: BA 390.
B: That leaves at three thirty. This means you still have 75 minutes.

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1. The sun is the most important.................. of light and heat.
1. It's ....... to believe that an owl brings bad luck.
a) competition b) procession c) superstition d) petition
2.1 think I .................. this exam. I have studied hard.
a) pass b) am passing c) would pass d) am going to pass
3 Seasonal.............. .disorder is caused by lack of enough sunlight.
a) Affect b) Affection c) Affective d) Effective
4. A charity organization took ............ a lot of homeless people.
a) apart b) in c) off d) up
5. After marriage, she put......... a lot of weight.
a) off b) out c) in d) on
6. He was very ill. He had to take the medicine ......... he didn't like it.
a) but b) in case c) so that d) even if
7. ..........he finds Chemistry difficult, he's making good progress.
a) Despite b) In spite of c) Whatever d) Although
8. She will buy a mobile phone .................she needs it or not.
a) Whether b) whatever c) however d) although
9. Dr John is pro-European. He is ................... European beliefs.
a) behind b) against c) in favour of d) near
10. She is still single .................. her extraordinary beauty.
a) even though b) owing to c) despite d) however
11. If the ice caps melt, the sea level..............
a) will rise b) would rise c) have risen d) rose
12. I'd rather...................to the theater tonight.
a) going b) go c) gone d) to go
13.1 would have bought this car unless I ......... in trouble.
a) had been b) have been c) were d) am
14. Azza passed her exam ...................... being ill.
a) although b) because of c) but d)despite
15. His ......... career passed through many obstacles.
a) prehistorical b) academic c) atmospheric d) atomic
16. She was tired. That's ............... she went to bed early.
a) how b) why c) who d) what


4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1- I'll lend you a sum of money on condition that you pay me back in a
month. (provided that)
2- Despite his poverty he leads a happy life. (Although)
3- You are supposed to tell me the truth. (ought)
4- Someone robbed his car during the night. (was)
5- Going to school by coach is cheaper. (If)


C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
The sun is not solid and therefore radar can't be used to work out the distance from the earth to the sun. Astronomers have used Kepler's law to calculate the distance which is based on the law of planetary motion. In the 17th century he discovered this law. The square of time it takes for a planet to complete a journey around the sun is equal to the cube of the planet's mean distance from it.

Law
......................(1)......................

How to work out the distance
.....................(2)......................

Material shape
.....................(3)......................




6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
Coral looks and feels like rock but it is a living thing full of millions of tiny animals called polyps. Although reefs cover only 0.3% of the oceans, they are home to 25% of all the world's fish species. And the coral reefs are dying.
Scientists checking the coral reefs in the Indian Ocean think that at least 70% of them have already died. They think that the rest will have died in one or two years' time. Human activities are destroying the reefs: diving, pollution and global warming.
Divers damage the coral and break pieces off. Soon divers will have killed the beautiful reefs they are diving to look at. Pollution poisons the polyps and stops them breathing. If we don't reduce pollution, in a few years, it will have damaged thousands of kilometres of reef. But global warming is the worst of all.
Because when the temperature of the ocean rises, it kills the food which the polyps eat. So the polyps have nothing to eat and die; and then the reef dies. Scientists think that in a few years the temperature of the ocean will have risen by up to five degrees because of global warming we should stop using energy made from coal and oil as this causes global warming. If we want to save the reefs we must stop traveling to see them. Tourists who visit the reefs will soon have destroyed the thing they have come to see. They will have left so much damage and pollution behind them that no one will want to go there. The danger is that once again humans will have killed one of the things they love - the beautiful coral reefs of the world.
Answer the following questions :-
1- Why are the coral reefs dying?
2- Why is global warming so bad?
3- In your opinion What can we do about saving the coral?
4- How can man unwisely misused his environment? Express in your own words.
Choose the right answers -:
5- A coral is a .........................
a- hard thing b- rock c- polyp d- living thing
6- The corals cover only ....................of the oceans.
a- 0.3% b- 25% c- 70% d- 3%
7- The underlined word "dying" means .....................
a- died b- dead c- death d- about to die

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1 . What were the papers which Leila brought about?
2. Why didn't Leila do her degree in Cairo?
3. What did Leila and Dr.Hafez discover in the valley of the Nobles?

B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
"We worked together .it was my first dig."
a- Who said this to whom?
b- Who worked together? Where?
c- What did they discover there?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1. Leila had to take a connecting flight to Lima because ................
2. Martin Landerwas looking for ....................
3. Seeing Lander, Dr.Hafez seemed puzzled as.......................

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
Choose a modern invention and say why it is important- who invented it-the place of invention-the disadvantage if there are.

F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
The moon is the nearest object to the Earth. It has an egged-shaped orbit. It has been associated with inany stories and legends in different countries. The seas, the tides and so all water on Earth is inextricably linked to the moon and its phases.

b) Translate into English:-
ان الكسوف الكلي والجزئي هو احد الظواهر الكونية التي تكشف الجمال الخلاب للكون.


Sample Exam 3 U (6-7)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following A policeman Is telling the manager about a robbery at the bank:
Policeman: Some bad news for you. There has been a robbery in your bank.
Manager : What are you talking about? ..............(1).......................?
Policeman: Someone telephoned us that the main safe was broken
.................................................. ....(2).......................?
Manager : More than two hundred thousand pounds.
Policeman: ............................................,..... ...(3)........................?
Manager : No, we don't have any alarm bells. We depend on the watchman.
Policeman: .................................................. ...(4)........................?
Manager : I don't suspect anyone, but I'm sure the robbery is carefully planned.

2- Supply the missing parts in the following mini-dialogues:

1- It is very cold and you don't want to open the window.
Eman : Do you mind opening the window, please? Sister:............................(1)............ ..............

2- A guide shows a tourist the Egyptian museum.
A guide : ....................".....(2)"...................?
Tourist: It's very fantastic.

3- A : Why didn't you attend my birthday party?
B : .................................(3).............. ..
A : I'm sorry to hear that, ...(4)................?
B : Oh, a bit better. Thank you.

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1. Illiteracy, unemployment, and over crowdedness work .......... any
country's progress.
a) out b) in favour c) against d) on
2. We have just moved in a new flat, so the first.......... of months were
really tough.
a) double b) pair c) twins d) couple
3. A lot of new agricultural....... has been hired out for farmers.
a) machines b) devices c) machinery d) machinists
4. The streets ........... alive after ten o'clock.
a) take b) leave c) go d) come
5. It's two years since I ................ my friend.
a) met b) meet c) have met d) had met
6. Throughout ages, man ................ his environment unwisely.
a) used b) has used c) had used d) is using
7. The last few years witnessed a ......... increase in prices.
a) mass b) massive c) miss d) masses
8. Over the years, attempts have been ... to stop the tower of Pisa leaning.
a) given b) made c) taken d) done
9. By 1990, experts expected that Pisa tower....... collapse within 20 years.
a) will b) would c) would have d) would be
10. High winds caused many trees .............. during the night.
a) to fall b) falling c) to be fallen d) to falling
11. The fog severely ............. the flights to many destinations.
a) distributed b) disconnected c) disrupted d) disappointed
12. AI-Aqsa Mosque was ................ by Israel.
a) captured b) caught c) captivated d) arrested
13. The criminal escaped while he was .............. to hospital.
a) taken b) being taken c) taking d) be taken
14. Ten percent of the .................are set off out the factory.
a) workmen b) workforce c) workbook d) workshop
15. The children were interested in the tricks ......... in the circus.
a) played b) were played c) play d) which played
16. It's said that the lost Titanic had been .........under the Pacific Ocean.
a) submerged b) emerged c) submarine d) submergence

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1. What has been said wasn't accepted. (We)
2. They didn't do any thing to help us. (Nothing)
3.1 haven't gone to the theater for six months. (since)
4. They made him confess the truth. (He)
5.1 love people greeting me. (being)


C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
Petra was an important trading centre from the fifth century BC to the third century AD. The city stood on trade routes that linked Arabia and the Mediterranean. In AD 106, the city was captured by the Romans and Petra became rich. The Romans respected the traditions and culture, and the inhabitants constructed beautiful temples around the city. However, in about AD 235, trade routes changed and .after a time, the city was abandoned.


6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
The pyramids, with their greatness, elegance and stability tell us of great organising ability. The ancient Egyptians did not wait for anyone else to set them an example, they just used their imagination and then got on with the job, making their dreams come true. They were pioneers, inventors, leading the entire world.
We are not suggesting that we should be building pyramids now, but we should have the same spirit of enthusiasm and originality. The Egyptian people have not changed down the generations; they have the same intelligence and abilities as their forefathers. Somehow, somewhere along the line, they have lost their initiative and self-confidence . We should not isolate ourselves from others, but we should not always wait for others to make the first move.
Egypt began its modern industrial development when Mohamed Ali obtained the help of leading European industrialists to develop it. A barrage on the Nile was built, steam pumping stations were set up, and textile and printing factories were built. Today the process goes on to modernise Egyptian industry by importing the most up-to- date machinery The trouble is that by the time we have brought and worked someone else's machinery it has already become out-of-date in the country of origin
Our technologists must depend on their own judgment and design the machinery that is best suited for Egypt, conditions. !n this way, we can once again become the leaders of the world of technology not those who always lag behind. What was possible in the past can be possible again today.

Answer the following questions :-
1- Why did the Ancient Egyptians achieve success with their pyramids?
2-When did Egypt begin its modern industrial development ?
3- Mention the forms of progress during Mohammed Ali's reign.
4- What does the passage suggest we should do?

Choose the right answers -:
5-A suitable title for this passage is ..........................
a) The way to technological development.
b) Modern technology.
c) The Ancient Egyptian civilization .
d) Mohamed Ali and modern Egypt.
6-One way of achieving progress is by ............................
a) following others' examples .
b\ having self-confidence and originality .
c) refusing help from others.
d) importing equipments.
7-The barrage was built on the Nile to improve..................
a) textile industry c) the agricultural lands
b) printing factories d) electricity

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1- What did the Incas and the ancient Egyptians have in common?
2- Why did the Incas kill women and servants and put them with the kings?
3- Where were Dr. Hafez's team digging? Why?
B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
"You have come at a good time."
a} Who said this to whom?
b; What kind of tomb did they find? How did they know?
c) Do you think the person speaking to had come at a good time? Why?
C) Complete the following sentences:
1- Finding some marks on the walls of the tomb and a picture of an animal, Dr Hafez ...........
2- Martin Lander got involved .................................................. ......
3-At important festivals, the mummified kings...................................

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"Engineering"
a) The importance of engineering in civil life.
b) Kinds of engineering.
c) Efforts exerted by engineers to control nature.

F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
The Cairo Metro is a wonderful work of engineering. It's the only underground railway system in Africa and the Middle East. It helps to solve the problem of transportation in big Cairo.

b) Translate into English:-
سوف يتم تنفيذ كثير من المشروعات في جنوب سيناء في المستقبل القريب.


Sample Exam 4 U (8-9)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following A student and his teacher are talking about trees.
Student: ........... ....(1).,..............?
Teacher: I think the trees covers 20% of the Earth's surface.
Student: ................(2)................7
Teacher : They are a key to history because scientists can have weather records dating back many years from these old trees.
Student: ..........,.....(3)................?
Teacher: The width of a ring indicates whether there was drought or a lot of rainfall in a particular year.
Student: ................(4)................?
Teacher: Scientists use a borer to study annual rings.

2- Supply the missing parts in the following mini-dialogues:

1.You'ask your friend now to switch on a computer.
A: Could you tell me how to switch on this computer?
B: ............ .................(1). ......... ....

2. Ahmed is on the bus and asks the conductor about the Egyptian Museum bus stop.
Ahmed : ....,.............(2)....................
Conductor. Next stop.

3. Ashraf wants to operate the coffee machine at the Rest House on the Alexandria Road
Ashraf : .......... .......(3).. .........
Attendant: .......... ........,(4)................


B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1. Illiteracy, unemployment, and over crowdedness work .......... any
1 Would Ahmed be angry if! .............. his bicycle without asking?
a) take b) will take c) took d) had taken
2. No progress will be achieved, unless all the citizens...... for the good
of their country.
a) co-operated b) will co-operate c) cooperate d) co-operates
3. 1 .......... out if it is stormy.
a) wouldn't go b) won't go c) wouldn't have gone d) hadn't gone
4. i would put on protective glasses if I ........... you.
a) were b) will be c) has been d) am
5 Had he accepted the bribes, he ............ put in prison.
a) would be b) would have been c) might be d) will have been
6. Before having the medicine, she ........... a good meal.
a) has had b) would have c) have had d) had had
7. Samira didn't go to the cinema because she .....already seen the film on.
a) has b) had c) had been d) was
8 When I ... ..... there, the meeting had already started.
a) had got b) have got c) got d) will get
9. It............ our train. It is too early.
a) can't be b) must be c) needn't be d) might be
10. The streets are wet and muddy. It........ have rained while we were in.
a) must b) can't c) needn't d) shouldn't
11. The function of a .......... is to help to pour liquids
a) tripod b) funnel c) test tube d) Bunsen burner
12. He often . ........ nothing without his glasses.
a) watches b) knows c) hears d) ees
13. He sent me a letter and ....... ... .an answer
a) asked b) asked about c) asked for
14. Giant machines are used to .... . .01! from under the ground.
a) extinct b) extend c) extract d) expand
15. Water and minerals are carried from the roots to the leaves through.,..
a) tubes b) pipes e) rings d) canals
16. it's up ....... ... ...you to decide whether we go out or stay in.
a) for b) with c) to d) by

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1 ! didn't realize he was your brother until I saw the photograph. (After)
2 The boy had fallen off his bicycle and the policeman hurried to help him
at once. (No sooner)
3. She didn't take my advice so she finished late. (Had)
4. !n case of having a lot of money, I'd give you some. (If)
5 I'm sure that Sami wasn't at school yesterday. (couldn't)


C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
Terrorism began to decline both in Quantity and place owing to the hard efforts by the religious men, thinkers, politicians and security forces. The geographical area where attacks took place also shrank. However, this generally positive picture is marked by few terrorist operations from time to time. Thus, the government should be wide awake to put an end to this sort of political violence.
Subject.(1)
Hard efforts resulted in(2)
Efforts made by
Sort of violence
The government ought to
Terrorist operations


6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
Today air travel is far safer than driving a car on a busy motorway. But there is a danger that grows every year Airliners get larger and larger. Some can carry over 400 passengers. Many lives could be lost if one giant airliner crashed into another.
From the moment an airliner takes off to the moment i^ lands, every movement is watched on radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell the pilot exactly when to turn, when to climb and when to come down. The air traffic controllers around a busy airport like Heathrow may handle 3000 planes a day. Even a small mistake on their part could cause a disaster.
Recently such a disaster almost happened. Two large jets were flying towards the airport. One was carrying 220 passengers from Toronto. The other was carrying 300 passengers from Chicago. An air traffic controller noticed on his radar screen that the two planes were too close to each other. He ordered one to turn to the right and to climb. But he made a mistake He ordered the wrong plane to do this. So, instead of turning away from the second plane, the first plane turned towards it. Fifteen seconds later, it flew directly in front of the second plane. They avoided each other by the smallest part of a second. The distance between them was less than that of a large swimming pool. This is an example of the danger that grows every year.

Answer the following questions :-
1 - How is the movement of airlines controlled?
2- What does the underlined word, "One", refer to?
3- Why were the two large jets about to crash?
4- Find words in the passage which mean:
a) a terrible accident b) near

Choose the right answers -:
5- From the first sentence, we know that driving cars is ......
a) more dangerous b) less dangerous
c) safer d) better
6- The number of deaths on the jet coming from Chicago are ......
a) 300 b) 220 c) zero d) 400
7- A suitable title to the text can be ............
a) The dangers of car driving.
b) The benefit of Air travel.
c) The controllers of Air travel.
d) The dangers of Air travel.

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1. What made Leila feel tired when she arrived at the site?
2. What were Leila's sources of information about Inca civilization?
3. Why did Dr. Hafez have to go to Quenco?
B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
"Dr. Hafez. I suppose that's why you are here in Peru."
a- Who said this to whom?
b- What wrong idea did the speaker' get?
c- How did the second person defend herself/himself?
C) Complete the following sentences:
Leila believed that Amalia wasn't friendly to her
because.... ....... ...... .................. ....................... ............
2 To show their loyalty to the Incas, the Chimu kings had to .............
3 The Incas conquered the Chimu but ..........................................

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"Forests"
- Trees are food factory. - kinds of forests.
- Forests are a natural home for many dieing out animals.
- How do we preserve them?


F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
Plants are part and parcel of the environment. They are massive filters which help to take in Carbon dioxide and release Oxygen. Trees on mountainsides help to absorb heavy rain. Also, trees can be used in formulating medicines.


b) Translate into English:-
تشجع الدولة رجال الأعمال على تصدير منتجاتهم الى الأسواق العالمية


Sample Exam 5 U (11-12)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following
Hassan.. is talking to his friend Samy whom he met in the street.
Samy .............. .,.,.......,,,...,...{1}.. ...............................?
Hassan I'm very ill, Samy. Actually, i'm going to the doctor.
Samy ..............,.,.................(2}.,...,..,.... .........,,..,.......?
Hassan You know I was a heavy smoker.! suffer from disorder of the
heart muscle. This may cause heart damage
Samy ......................,...........(3)..,.......... .............,.......?
Hassan Yes, and he asked me to make an echocardiography report. Samy ..................................(4)............. .....................
Hassan 1 hope so.


2- Supply the missing parts in the following mini-dialogues:

1- it's hot. You politely ask the man sittinq by the bus window to open it.
You : Would you mind opening the window, please ?
The man : ..............................(1)................. ..........

2- You are interviewed for a job.
interviewer: ......................... (2) ........................„?
You : I have good command of both English and French.

3- Your father and you are making predictions about the winner of the Football World Cup.
a)..........................................(3)... ........:.............
b),.........................................(4)... ......................

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1. Patients shouldn't be allowed to leave the hospital unless they're ........
a) foot b)fat c) fit d) feet
2. She said that she ........... her dresses then.
a) is ironing b) will iron c) was ironing d) may iron
3. He told her he ................. the following day.
a) will phone b) would phone c) was phoning d) had phoned
4. She told me she ................. have to go to hospital next week.
a) had b) will c) would d) may
5. Could you tell me what..................?
a) is he doing b) does he do c) he does d) has he done
6. She asked me .......... with them or not.
a) Whether I will go b) if I can QO c) whether I would go d) if I will go
7. I wonder how much .................
a) your father's car costs c) will your father's car cost
b) does your father's car cost d) did your father's car cost 8.1 don't know where .....................
a) does she live b) she lives c) will she live d) has she lived
9. The teacher asked us .......... to bring our books.
a) don't forget b) to not forget c) not to forget d) not forget
10. Pop music .... huge a mounts of money for performers.
a) spends b) saves c) makes d) takes
11. I remember.......... there when I was a boy.
a) to go b) went c) going d)go
12. She is a ....... Her job is to help women in childbirth
pregnant b) secretary c) practitioner d) midwife
Thomas'' parents have invited Mr. and Mrs. Jones..... them in Nigeria.
a} visit b) to visit c) visiting d) visited
1 4. Egypt is going to . .... ...... the next Arab Summit.
a) form b) host c) make c) take part
15. She took the doctor's, ........ to the chemist's and got her medicine.
a} description b) prescription c) drawing d) provision
16. He prefers living in the country and enjoys the pleasant
a) surrounding b) surrounded c) surroundings d} surrounds

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1. "Remember to get a!! your books next time." (The teacher reminded her)
2, Ahmed said "May I borrow your pencil, Sama?" (Ahmed wondered)
3 You shouldn't smoke in public places. (avoid)
4.. Ifee! happy when I meet, friends. (enjoy)
5. He said to me " I can't do it now, but I'll finish it tomorrow" (He told me..)

C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
Dear sir,
I am the music teacher at Western High School and I have decided to start a small student orchestra, I would like to place an order to buy some instruments, I would be grateful if you could supply me with the following: five violins, one set of drums, three trumpets, one fiute, two clarinets and two cellos. Term starts on September 1st, so I would be grateful if you could deliver the instruments one month before this
Your faithfully , Bernard_Jones
Purchase order
Customer name .....(1)....,
Organisation.....(2).....
INSTRUMENT Quantity
Violin .....(3)..
Flute.....(4).....
Cello......(5)....
Delivery date......(6)....

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
When astronauts are in space, they eat, sleep, wash, work and play. They do the same things as us, but they do them differently. On earth, we put food on a plate and in a glass Gravity holds the food down and keeps the water in the glass. But in space, there is almost no gravity. So food can float away, and astronauts must eat and drink carefully. Sleeping is very difficult in space. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most of them like to sleep in sleeping bags.
They tie the bags to a wall! so that they can't float away in the night. Washing is difficult. There is no shower or bath, so astronauts have to use wet sponge. They brush their teeth normally, but very carefully: they don't want toothpaste to float around the spacecraft. Exercise is very important in space. On earth, your legs carry your body, but in space, astronauts float, so they do not use their legs. This is very bad for their legs, so they must exercise bicycle for this. After a day's work, astronauts relax. They listen to music, read, watch films, play games, write e-mails or talk to their families by radio. Sometimes they just enjoy floating in the air The most popular pastime is looking out of windows watching the earth.

Answer the following questions :-
1 - What holds things down on earth?
2- How do the majority of astronauts prefer: to sleep?
3- Why is exercise important in space?
4- How can astronauts spend their pastime in space?

Choose the right answers -:
5- Astronauts tie their sleeping bags to a waif because .....
a- they want the bags to float. b- they don't want the bags to float.
c- there Is gravity, d- exercise is important.
6- Astronauts like to watch ............ from the windows of the spacecrafts.
a- the sun b- the moon c- the Earth d- the space
7- the underlined word "they" refers to
.a- astronauts b- space crafts c- bicycles d- families

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1. What was Dr. Hafez's opinion of Amalia ?
2. How did Leila know that Lander was lying?
3. What did Leila find when she called up the United Mining web-site?
B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
"Don't be silly. You two are about the same age. You're both archaeologists"
a- Who was the speaker?
b - What did Leila and Amalia should do?
c- What did the speaker advise Leila to do?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1. Dr Hafez thought that Leila and Amalia would get better when
2. Leila logged onto the internet to .......................................
3. Dr Hafez thought that Lander helped people to ....................

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"Music"
- Its importance for individual and society. - Types of music.
- Music as a source of money. - The music appealing to you.



F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
The light house of Alexandria is not only one of the landmarks of the city but also one of the Seven Wonders of the World. It stood on the island of Pharos and was destroyed by an earthquake. Now Alexandria is the bridge of the Mediterranean Sea.

b) Translate into English:-
لقد ثبت على مر العصور أن تقدم الأمم يعتمد على العلم والعلماء.


Sample Exam 6 U (13-14)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following

Hassan 1 hope so.
Tourist Excuse me, sir. Would you kindly tell me the way to the Pyramids?
Sherif With pleasure. You take this bus to its terminus
Tourist How .............................(1)..............,... ......?
Sherif About half an hour. Haven't you been to the Pyramids before?
Tourist ,.,,...........,..........,........(2)........,.. This is rny first visit
Sherif I hope you will like them. They're great
Where ......................(3),....... .............?
Tourist At the Sheraton.
Sherif I see you've got a camera with you.
Do ........ ..................(4)........,....,..,.....?
Tourist Very much. Photographs will remind me of my visit.
Sherif How do you like my country?
Tourist I like it very much.
Sherif Nice stay.

2- Supply the missing parts in the following mini-dialogues:

1-A: How about going swimming today?
B: ..........................(1)..................... ....
A: Ok. You can suggest anything else.

2-A: .........................,(2)..................... ....
B: Neither do I. That music is unbearable.

3- You ask for an appointment to meet the manager.
You : .................(3)................?
Secretary: .................(4)................

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1. The teacher blamed the boy, sitting in the last row ......... the noise.
a) on b) with c) about d) for
2. Saad Zaghloul lived in ............. in another country for many years.
a) exit b) exhaustion c) expert d) exile
3. She reminded me ................what I had told her.
a) with b) by c) of d) for
4. The prisoner............. himself to the gate of the prison as a protest.
a) linked b) connected c) chained d) associated
5. Who dares ........... the truth?
a) to tell b) told c) telling d) tells
6. The band stopped ........... and there was silence.
a) playing b) to play c) play d) played
7. This crisis seems to be a mystery. Try .............. it if you can.
a) solving b) solve c) to solve d) solved
8. Don't risk ............ any farther. The waves can sweep you away.
a) swimming b) swim c) to swim d) swam
9. I found the book I'd lost last week, so ! ........... .a new one yesterday.
a) didn't have to buy ft) had lo buy c) did buy d) have bought
10. Why don't you park here? 1'rn . . ....... .11 is against the law.
a) mustn't b) not allowed c) needn't d) shouldn't
11 He blamed his failure . .. . ... his parents.
a) for b) on c) with d) to
12. A ...... .. can travel into space and return to Earth more than once
a) shuttle b) glider c) plane d) jet
13. Their house collapsed as a result of an earthquake. They ...
live ;n a hotel
a) needn't b) must c) mustn't d) had to
14. He took a taxi to work but he ............... taken a bus.
a) must have b) can't have c) could have d> oughtn't to have
15. She gave me a box full of ........ . .... that she didn't need.
a) give and take b) by and large c) odds and ends d) now and again
16 This time no next Friday, I............ a football match.
a) was watching c) will watching
b) might be watching d} would be watching

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1. New hair styles appear and disappear quickly. (come)
2. it's necessary to switch off the cooker after use. (The cooker....)
3. Ah mod is the boy who stole my camera, (They accused)
4. Zeinab says she is happy to stay with the kids. (mind)
5. it was necessary for him to find a solution to the problem, (had to)

C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
Ten years ago, Hurghada and Safaga were small fishing villages. Nowadays, 'her/ are host to hundreds of thousands of tourists every year. Tourists go there because of the beauty of the scenery and for the water sports such as diving -In particular, tourists are attracted to the area because of its beautiful coral reefs.
Cora! reefs are limestone formations formed in the sea by the skeletons of millions of tiny animals.
Resorts …..(2)…… Reason to go there …..(4)…… Tourist number coral reefs
…..(1)…… ten years ago …..(3)…… Diving …..(5)…… ..(6)…

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
Since the beginning of time, man's life has been a continuous struggle. This struggle has always been connected with his daily needs. At the beginning man struggled to feed and clothe himself and to keep himself warm. So. he invented hunting weapons, weaving and making fire. As modern man's needs have grown more and more complex, his struggle had taken another shape. For example, he does not only struggle to make a fire to warm himself and cook his food, but seeks to control the hidden powers of nature that could run his machines and make his life easier and more comfortable. To achieve that, he has depended on petroleum. But, as the price of petroleum is getting higher and higher and the supply is getting lower and lower, man is now turning to other sources of energy such as the atom or the sun,

Answer the following questions :-
1- Why does man always have to struggle?
2- For what purpose did man invent hunting weapons?
3- What is driving man to use the sun energy as a source of power?
4- Show the difference between man's struggle in earlier times and in
modern times,

Choose the right answers -:
5- From the first sentence we know man's struggle ..........
a-lasted a long time, b-is over nowadays.
c-will continue for a time. d-lasts for ever,
6- The sources of energy the writer mentioned in the passage are .....
a- one source b- two sources
c- five sources d- four sources
7- Man invented weaving in order to ..............
a- feed himself b-keep himself warm
c- clothe himself d- shelter himself

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1. According to Lander, How did Leila disturb his work?
2. How did Lander manage to trap Leila in the cave?
3. What artifacts did Martin Lander hope to find in the tomb?

B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
" I think I've found something interesting."
a- Who said this?
b- What did the speaker find?
c- What did this discovery refer to?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1 Everything found on the excavation should ......... ... . .
2. The police were at the site again because .................
3. The Incas used the Llama for.................................

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"Tourism as a means of obtaining more income"
- Tourists bring in hard currencies.
- More projects mean more job vacancies.
- Increase of understanding among different nations and cultures.

F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
The way in which people spend their leisure differs according to age, occupation and abilities. The old who have lost flexibility of youth can't pursue their old hobbies and movements.

b) Translate into English:-
ينبغي على رائد الفضاء أن يكون لائق صحيا ليتمكن من البقاء على قيد الحياة في الفضاء.


Sample Exam 7 U (16-17)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following
The Sheraton Hote! advertised jor some vacant jobs. One of the applicants
is being interviewed.
Khaled : Good morning, sir.
Manager: Good morning. ............. (1)...... ...................... ......?
Khaled : I'm interested in a position as a waiter.
Manager: ..................................(2).........,... .... . ... .........,7
Khaled : Yes, I worked as a waiter for three years.
Manager: ........... ......................(S)......................... ........ S>
Khaled : At Hurghada Hilton Long Beach.
Manager: Well, we have long working hours. ...... .....(4).........?
Khaled : Right away, sir.

2- Sav where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:-

1- A: Yes?
B :Yes, I'd like a pair of jeans, please.
A : Certainly. What size are you looking for?

2- A : Here are your tickets and here is the change.
B : Thanks. Where does the train leave from?
A : platform 5
B : You are thoughtful.


B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- Papyrus is made by laying ................. of reeds side by side.
a) chips b) strips c) stripes d) logs
2-Yesterday. I studied chemistry and ........... I studied English.
a) after b) as soon as c) afterwards d) when
3- He can listen and translate ............... He is so fast.
a) as this happens b) when c) finally d) simultaneously
4- People discovered making paper from wood........ made it cheaper to produce.
a) These b) This c) Those d) They
5- I'll call you when ! ...... ....... home
a) got b) will get c) had got d) have got
6- We tried to deal with the kidnappers on our own, but .......... we called
the police.
a) subsequently b) finally c) simultaneously d) after
7- A terrible accident took place in their house, ............ they moved out.
a) subsequently b) after cj simultaneously d) as soon as
8- I'll start singing when they all......
a) arrive b) arrived c) had arrived d) are arriving
9-The young man ............. his birthplace and lived in a desert town.
a) deserted b) deserved c) desired d) deprived
10- Shams ................a lot to have a good command of English.
a) practice b) practising c) practises d) to practise
11 - It isn't easy to ... ........... that he is telling the truth.
a) prove b) proved c} proving d) proof
12- Your exams are finished, so now you…….... work so hard,
a) must b) didn't have to c) needn't d) shouldn't
13. My camera is broken, would you please ... . yours tomorrow?
a) lend b) bring c) borrow d) carry
14. The Caio Metro is an amazing ... ..or engineering
a) job b) task c) work d) post
15- We ………… prayer and thanksgiving to God for saving us.
a) acted b) made c} held d) carried
16- On feast, children receive ...,....,..,... of money.
a) rewards b) currencies c) prizes d) gifts

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1- I arrived late at the school. The result was that I missed the first lesson. (consequently)
2- After mixing the ingredients, I put the cake in the oven (afterwards)
3- They took a radio, a camera and a video. They put them in their bags. (these)
4- The police couldn't prove that he stole the jewels. (proof)
5- My son believes strongly in cooperation. (belief)


C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
Paper was very important because it provided a way to record information easily and cheaply. With paper, people could more easily make copies of written information. This made it possible to communicate ideas and information to a larger number of people.
Today we have more than 7,000 different kinds of paper. Much of this paper is used for written communication, but we also use it to make paper products like cardboard boxes and paper plates.
Importance ……………….(1)…………………
Advantages ……………….(2)…………………
Kinds of paper ……………….(3)…………………
Used for ……………….(4)…………………
Other paper products ……………….(5)…………………

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
Man's life has been subject to a lot of changes during the last hundred years particularly in what is connected to his consuming habits. Sixty years ago, before the start of the consumer societies of today's world,
people didn't throw away so many of the things they used. They used and re-used bottles, jars, cardboard boxes, paper bags, etc. much more carefully than we do today. Now, more than fifty years later, we are returning to the same good idea which we now call" recycling".
We are again" thinking about what we throw out. Why do we throw away so .much food packaging, so many plague supermarket bags, old newspapers, old books, bottles and cans? What is all this rubbish doing to our environment, to the world we live in? Can't we use some of it again?
The answer is : Yes, we can. New industries - recycling industries are starting to re-use some of our rubbish. For example, the island of Taiwan now buys tonnes of waste paper from the USA and recycles it to make newspapers, and for use in offices and homes Japan takes scrap metal from the USA and makes some parts of new cars with it Most European and American cities now have " recycling centers " for people's old bottles and newspapers.
All this recycling is not only good for the environment but it is good business, too. For instance, a recycled aluminum container is 20% cheaper to make than a new one. For both the environment and the economy, recycling makes very good sense.
Answer the following questions :-
1 -What" change " does the writer refer to in the first paragraph?
2-Mention two industries that make use of rubbish.
3-Why is recycling economically good?
4- What does recycling mean?
Choose the right answers -:
5-Our grandparents were ........ than we are today
a) less careful c) more economic
b) more wasteful d) less wise
6- The underlined word " if in the second paragraph, refers to ... ...
a) car industry b) paper industry c) scrap metal d) spare part 7 -When we recycle rubbish, we ......... our environment
a) pollute b) protect c) destroy d) consume

D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1 . Why did Amalia want to get Leila into trouble?
2. What did finding the gold mask bring Leila?
3. Why did Amalia and Leila set off for Acomayo?

B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
" I've an idea where Martin Lander may be. And the two may be connected. I felt sure they are"
a) Who said this to whom?
b) Why did Lander go to Acomayo?
c) What did the speaker mean by "the two may be connected"?

C) Complete the following sentences:
I . The police look Leila to the police station because . ...................
2. Leila was set free when ......................... ..........................
3 The gold figure of the rabbit among Leila's clothes could mean .........

E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"How people celebrate feast days in Egypt"
- Religious feasts-Ramadan. - New clothes-Eid EI-Adha
- Distribute -presents-the poor. - Go to gardens.


F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
As we live in a technological age, anything seems possible and nothing seems impossible. It took a long time to develop new ideas in the past this is not so any longer. Progress in our present age depends main!' computers without which it would be impossible.

b) Translate into English:-
يعتبر معرض القاهرة الدولي للكتاب مهرجانا ثقافيا يتقابل فيه كبار الكتاب والمفكرين والشعراء لتبادل الأفكار.


Sample Exam 8 U (18-19)
A – Language function
1- Supply the missing parts in the following –
Tourist -....................(1)..................
Receptionist : We're rather full, sir. We have a room without a bath.
Tourist : It doesn't matter. Is it a quiet room?
Receptionist : Yes, sir, it's very quiet.
Tourist : .....................(2)....................?
Receptionist : It's on the seventh floor but you can use the lift.
Tourist : All right, I'll take it .................(3)...............?
Receptionist : Room No. 710. ....................(4)...............?
Tourist : Two weeks.
Receptionist : You are welcome.

2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:
1- A: Show me the names of customers who phoned.
B: Here they are.
A: Type this letter and send it now
B: Ok, Sir.

2- A: Smoking is very dangerous for your health
B: I tried tO Stop it, but I couldn't.
A: If you go on smoking, you will
be seriously ill.
B: If so, then tell me what to do now.

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1-These paintings are ......................... drawn.
a) lovely b) beautiful c) surprising d) beautifully
2-My horse ran .................. slowly.
a) terribly b) terrible c) extreme d) awful
3- He behaved incredibly .........................
a) rudeness b) rude c) rudely d) radical
4- I'll send you the books you need by ........................
a) carrier b) courier c) cursor d) porter
5-1 do ............ with what you're saying.
a) agreeable b) agreement c) agree d) agreed
6-1 ............. believe your team won't win the cup again.
a) can b) will c) do d) have
7- The job ................... requires certain skills and experience.
a) real b) really c) reality d) realistic
8-The Arab league building is ..................in Cairo.
a) based b) planted c) confirmed d) stated
9- The company has a large workforce of permanent and ............. staff
a) temporary b) usual c) occasional d) ordinary
10. She has a good ................of English language.
a) command b) order c) demand d) request
11. What really increases crimes is ............. there are very poor people.
a) what b) which c) that d) who
12. It was ......... useful information that we nearly know the real murderer.
a) so b) too c) such a d) such
13. All university graduates will start job .................
a) catching b) capturing c) hunting d) making
14. When the final exam comes near, all the students work .......the clock
a) over b) under c) through d) around
15. Crossing the Suzie Canal in the October war was no ............matter.
a) landing b) laughing c) loving d) living
16. Few students .............their studies in private universities.
a) carry b) pursue c) purse d) make

4. Rewrite the following sentences using the word (s) in
brackets to give the same meaning :
1. He is wise, that's why we respect him. (what)
2. Ayaa doesn't like watching sports. It bores her. (The thing)
3. He was too poor to buy this expensive car. (rich)
4. The milk was too hot for the child to drink. (so.... that)
5. Alaa finds it strange to get up late. (not used to)

C - Reading Comprehension
5- Read and complete the table (3.M):
Here are predictions, some of which may come true in the year 2000. the population of the world will exceed 5.000 million. Man, by this time, may have landed on Mars. It is likely that, most of our energy needs are to be supplied by nuclear power. The upsets of nature including earthquakes, volcanoes, rains and storms may be got under the control of man's inventiveness. Even houses may have computer terminals.
Points raised
Predictions

Population
................,.(1).................

Energy
............... ...(2)... ............. .

Forces of nature
..................(3).................



6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions: (7.M)
Doctors do not always know what causes high blood pressure medically called hypertension. But we do know a few things about this disease. For example, men's hypertension rates are much greater than women's. Besides the disease usually begins in middle or old age and it sometimes runs in families.
Many people have high blood pressure without knowing it because there are usually no obvious symptoms. If you want to know if "you have blood pressure, you have to ask your doctor to check it for you.
If you have high blood pressure, you have to look for a solution. If you are heavy, losing weight can sometimes help. Some people's blood pressure goes down when they give up salt. Others can improve by learning how to relax and make the fullest use of the right kind of exercise. Fortunately. It is possible to control, high blood pressure today with proper medicine. High blood pressure can lead to serious problems such as heart diseases , so it is very important to control it.

Answer the following questions :-
1- What should a person do to keep his blood pressure normal?
2- Why is it very important to control high blood pressure?
3- Why is gaining weight dangerous?
4- Which *** is higher in hypertension rates male or female?

Choose the right answers -:
5- Hypertension requires ...............salt in food.
a) more b) less c) most d) much
6- It is .....for a person to discover he is suffering from hypertension.
a) easy b) obvious c) vague d) difficult
7- The underlined pronoun "it" means ..............
a) a disease b) blood c) pressure d) hypertension


D- The Novel
7- A) Answer the following questions:
1. Why did Amalia talk to Martin Lander in Quenco?
2. Why was it easy for Leila to make Amalia a splint?
3. What was the end of Lender's archaeological career?

B) Read the following quotation then answer the questions:
".Thank goodness] Now the project can continue."
a) Who was the speaker?
b) Why did the speaker thank goodness?
c) What would happen if they couldn't find the gold mask?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1. If it hadn't been for Leila's bravery, Lander.........
2. Martin Lander persuaded Amelia's father to............
3. Pablo was in need of money to ...............


E- Writing
8- Write two paragraphs of five sentences each on:
"Learning in the future will be lifelong."
- Open Universities - Education never stops
- Distance Learning - Evening classes - Enroll on courses

F- Translation
9. a) Translate into Arabic.
Many plants and animals have adapted to survive in extreme conditions. Human beings have done so, too. People can live in hot deserts and cold places like the Arctic.

b) Translate into English:-
لا يتحقق السلام الاجتماعي إلا إذا ساد الحب والعدل بين أفراد المجتمع.


وان شاء الله انتظروا المزيد
مع تحياتي
:rolleyes: Mr. Walid Al-Deap
الشهيد غريب الواسطى الثانوية بنين

شئ رائع لكن لو كان الشغل ده في ملف ورد كان هيبقي شكلو افضل

فعلا رائع بس لو في ملف وورد فعلا كان يبقي أجمل بكتير كما قال الاستاذ محمد الشاذلي
www.geocities.com/muhammadshehata1
تأسيسي

thaaaaanks alot

بارك الله فيك