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مذكرة جرامر ثانية ثانوى ممتازة وجاهزة للتحميل
Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (1) The Present Simple Tense: (1) Form:والكلمات الجمع. ( I, We, They, You ) * نفس شكل الفعل فى المصدر مع الضمائر * We eat watermelons in summer. * They visit their relatives every week. * I have got two sisters. * You are always the top of your class. * She often cooks lunch at three. * He sometimes visits his neighbours. * It always rains in winter. * Mai phones me every day. * A mechanic fixes cars. * She washes her own clothes. * Nouran dresses her school uniform. * Amr always goes to school early. * He always tries hard in tests. * Maram studies her lessons regularly. * Amira plays the violin well. * The baby stays asleep all day. (a) Negative Form: * He doesn't eat meat. * We don't sleep early in summer. * I am not married. * They are not conceited at all. * تستخدم (never) أيضا للنفى ... * She never asks for help in tests. (b) Interrogative Form: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image002.jpg[/IMG](1) Yes/No Questions: * Do you walk to school? - Yes, I do. – No, I don't. * Does Noha like fruit? - Yes, she does. – No, she doesn't. * Are you in 2nd year secondary? - Yes, I am. – No, I am not. * Is Reem cheerful? - Yes, she is. – No, she isn't. * Have you got any brothers? - Yes, I have. – No, I haven't. * Has Nada got any red blouses? - Yes, she has. – No, she hasn't. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image004.jpg[/IMG](2) Wh Questions: * What do you do on Fridays? - I usually relax. * Why does Sally go to school late? - Because she gets up late. * How many sisters have you got? - I have got two sisters. * What has Mayada got? - She has got a lot of books. * What is the capital of Egypt? - Cairo is the capital of Egypt. * What are you? - I am a translator in a multinational company. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (2) Usage:* يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن حدث منتظم، دورى، ومتكرر. * We usually go skiing on holidays. * Basma always has her breakfast at home. * يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن حقيقة ثابتة. * The sun sets in the west. * Water boils at 100 C. * Iron rusts when it is left to the air. * Man is born free. * يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن عادة شخصية أو فردية. * I usually make my own sandwiches. * Rana often drinks tea after lunch. * يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن أحداث مستقبلية( جداول مواعيد / برامج ذات مواعيد ثابتة ) كالتالى: * The plane to Madrid takes off at 6:30pm. * The mid-year exams start in January. * يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع الروابط الزمنية الآتية: ( After / As soon as / Before / By the time / When /Till / Until / If / Unless / The moment ) * As soon as I arrive home, I will phone you. * After you finish, call me. * He won't come until I invite him personally. * If you study hard, you will pass. * يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع التعليقات الرياضية كالتالى: * Beckham wins the ball, then he crosses and Owen scores. * أفعال الشعور والإدراك تأتى مع زمن المضارع البسيط:( Believe / Forget / Hate / Like / Understand / Know / See / Want / … etc. ) * He never forgets people's names. * We all believe in God. ***************************************** (3) Key words: (How often?) * هى ظروف التكرار التى نسأل عنها بكلمة الإستفهام ( every / usually / sometimes / always / often / never / rarely / frequently / generally / scarcely / seldom / occasionally / hardly / normally / ever / barely… * Mothers always love their children. * It rarely snows in Egypt. * I frequently assert the importance of studying regularly. * Do you ever work on Fridays? * لاحظ أن ظرف التكرار فى الجمل السابقة أتى قبل فعل الجملة الأساسى. * أما مع فعل يكون، يأتى بعد فعل يكون فى الجملة:* An egret is never yellow. * He is often happy. * Usually I walk to school. * I cycle to school sometimes. * Everyday in summer I read a new story. * We go to the gym every week. * At night we gather at Hasan's house. * She goes to school in the morning. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One ( Often / Always / Usually / Sometimes ) * He always studies hard. * He never studies hard. * Maram sometimes visits me at home. * Maram never visits me at home. * Never does she tell lies. ( Never + فعل مساعد + فاعل ) * ملحوظة هامة: تستخدم ( Always / Never ) للأوامر والنواهى، وتتبع بمصدر الفعل كالتالى:* Always wash your hands before eating. * Never go to bed late during exam days. ***************************************** (4) Passive Form:* تتكون صيغة المبنى للمجهول للجملة الخبرية فى زمن المضارع البسيط من الأتى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image006.jpg[/IMG]( Object + am / is / are + P. P. ) * Manar dusts the tables after lunch. ( Active ) * The tables are dusted after lunch. ( Passive ) * A plumber always fixes our pipes. ( Active ) * Our pipes are always fixed. ( Passive ) * The government sets up some new projects. ( Active ) * Some new projects are set up. ( Passive ) * ملحوظة هامة: عند تحويل السؤال فى زمن المضارع البسيط للمبنى للمجهول، نتبع الآتى: * Do you watch the match? * The match is watched. * Is the match watched? * Where does he change money? * Money is changed. * Where is money changed? ***************************************** (5) Question Tag:* لاحظ صيغة السؤال المذيل للمضارع البسيط كالتالى: * Sohaila is intelligent, isn't she? * Haneen isn't at home, is she? * Rahaf doesn't like frozen food, does she? * We don't attend noisy parties, do we? * Amr enjoys studying English, doesn't he? * They prefer cool weather, don't they? * I am cheerful, aren't I? * Lend me your laptop, will you? * Don't use this sharp knife, will you? * Let's visit the High Dam, shall we? [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image008.jpg[/IMG]Any inquiries call: 0113332411 Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (2) The Present Continuous Tense: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image009.jpg[/IMG](1) Form: ( am / is / are + v. + ing ) * يتكون الفعل فى زمن المضارع المستمر من:* She is writing a letter now. * I am reading an interesting book at the moment. * The water is boiling. Can you turn it off? * Listen to those people. What language are they speaking? * ملاحظات هامة على تكوين الفعل: invite ……… inviting argue ……… arguing * We are completing some forms now. * The population is increasing at present. * ماعــدا (singe يحـرق / dye يصبغ ) ........... ( dyeing( singeing /* أما إذا انتهي الفعل بـ ee فلا تحذفfreeing :……..free * إذا انتهي الفعل بـie تحذف و نستخدم ( ( ying : tie ………. tying die ………. dying lie ………… lying hit …….. hitting run ……… running stop …………. stopping begin ………. beginning prefer ……… preferring admit ……… admitting travel ………. travelling * في حالة وجود زمنين في المضارع المستمر لهما نفس الفاعل و يربط بينهما ( and ) تحذف ( ( am / is / are* He is teaching English and learning French. (a) Negative Form: * I am not watching a movie now. * They aren't doing better at school. (b) Interrogative Form: (1) Yes/No Questions * Are you repairing your car at the moment? * Is Nour coming now? (2) Wh Questions: * Where are you going now? * When is Shahd meeting Lamar? (2) Usage:* يستخدم زمن المضارع المستمر للتعبير عن الآتى: * حدث مستمر أثناء الكلام: * Look! The car is running very fast.* حدث محدد له بداية ونهاية: * I'm seeing the dentist at 8 o'clock. * حدث تم التخطيط له فى المستقبل: * We're having monthly exams next week. * حدث مستمر بشكل مؤقت: * I'm living with some friends until I find a flat. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One ( Get / Change / Become / Increase / Rise / Grow / Improve ) * It is getting dark now. * The world population is increasing at a horrible rate. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image011.jpg[/IMG]* Prices are increasing incredibly. * The state is improving education and its quality. * He is always bothering me with his missed calls. * She is always complaining about the high cost of living. ***************************************** (3) Key words: * الكلمات الدالة على زمن المضارع المستمر:( Look! / Listen! / Now / Still / At this moment / At the present time / Today / These days / At once / …etc. ) * Look! The boys are quarreling in the garden. * Listen! Someone is calling. * Yara is still revising for the test. 1- أفعال الحواس: ( Appear / Feel / Hear / Look / See / Seem / Sound / Taste / …etc.) 2- أفعال الفهم والإدراك: ( Believe / Forget / Know / Realise / Remember / Understand .. 3- أفعال المشاعر: ( Desire / Detest / Enjoy / Hate / Like / Love / Prefer / Want / etc.)4-أفعال الملكية والكينونة: ( Be / Belong / Contain / Cost / Fit / Have / Include / Keep / Matter / Need / Owe / Want / Weigh / Wish / … etc. ) ***************************************** [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image013.jpg[/IMG](4) Passive Form:* تتكون صيغة المبنى للمجهول للجملة الخبرية فى زمن المضارع المستمر من الأتى: ( Object + am / is / are + being + p.p. ) * Somebody is cleaning the room. ( Active ) * The room is being cleaned. ( Passive ) * She's cleaning the carpets now. ( Active ) * The carpets are being cleaned now. ( Passive ) * ملحوظة هامة: عند تحويل السؤال فى زمن المضارع المستمر للمبنى للمجهول، نتبع الآتى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image015.jpg[/IMG]* Is Salma dusting the curtains? * The curtains are being dusted. * Are the curtains being dusted? Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (3) The Past Simple Tense: (1) Form:* عند وضع الفعل فى صيغة الماضى نجد أن هناك نوعان من الأفعال: * Regular Verbs: * Irregular Verbs: * أفعال شاذة ( غير منتظمة ) * أفعال عادية ( منتظمة ) * لا تخضع لقاعدة معينة، لذا يحفظ التصريف كما هو. * عند تصريفها نضع للفعل ( ed )فى نهايته. * I walked to school this morning. * Menna went to the cinema last week. * They helped me with my homework. * He was at the meeting yesterday. * ملاحظات هامة: * Samar invited us to lunch yesterday. * Reham lived in Giza three years ago. * She dropped the vase on the floor yesterday. * We planned to go on holiday. * They played volleyball last weekend. * We stayed in Luxor a month ago. * Olivia tidied her room this morning. * Basant studied for the exam last night. (a) Negative Form: * Zahia didn't go out yesterday. * The children didn't wash their hands. * I wasn't at the party yesterday. * We weren't asleep at 10 last night. * I was never late for school in the past. * They never helped the needy. (b) Interrogative Form: * Yes/No Questions: * Did you do the shopping yesterday? - Yes, I did. – No, I didn't. * Were you at the meeting last Sunday? - Yes, I was. – No, I wasn't. * Was Alaa exhausted after the match? - Yes, she was. – No, she wasn't. * Wh- Questions: * Where did you go this afternoon? - I went to the club. * Why were you late for the seminar? - Because the traffic was slow. * How was Nahla yesterday? - She was ill in bed. (2) Usage: * We left the park at noon yesterday. * He had breakfast and went to school. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One * Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess who had many suitors….. * When I was a child, I used to play table tennis every day. * I was always at the top of my class in math. ***************************************** (3) Key words: ( Yesterday / Last / Ago / This morning / Always / Never / Once... / Once upon a time… / One day… / In the past / Formerly / The other day / In olden times ) * ملحوظة هامة: نلاحظ وجود كلمتى ( always / never ) ضمن كلمات الماضى البسيط رغم أنها أساسا من كلمات المضارع البسيط، لذا فهى تعبر عن أحداث كانت منتظمة لبعض الوقت فى الماضى أو أحداث لم تتم أبدا فى الماضى ...* I always sat in front of the sea during summer nights. * She never told her friends anything about her personal life. ***************************************** (4) Passive Form:* تتكون صيغة المبنى للمجهول فى زمن الماضى البسيط من الأتى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image019.jpg[/IMG]( Object + was / were + P. P. ) * The state set up some new factories last year. (Active) * Some new factories were set up last year. (Passive) * The manager held a meeting last Thursday. (Active) * A meeting was held last Thursday. (Passive) * Dalia received the guests this afternoon. (Active) * The guests were received this afternoon. (Passive) * ملحوظة هامة: عند تحويل السؤال فى زمن الماضى البسيط للمبنى للمجهول، نتبع الآتى: * Did the mechanic dismantle the engine yesterday? * The engine was dismantled yesterday. * Was the engine dismantled yesterday? [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image021.jpg[/IMG]***************************************** (5) Question Tag::* لاحظ صيغة السؤال المذيل للماضى البسيط كالتالى * Lara was enthusiastic for the competition, wasn't she? * Mohammed wasn't absent yesterday, was he? * He got the top marks last term, didn't he? * They didn't attend the conference, did they? Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (4) The Past Continuous Tense: (1) Form: ( was / were + verb + ing ) * I was studying at six yesterday. * She was sleeping at twelve last night. * We were having fun last week. * They were listening to music in the afternoon. (a) Negative Form: * He wasn't reading a novel yesterday. * We weren't walking in the afternoon. (b) Interrogative Form:* هناك نوعان من الأسئلة: * أسئلة تبدأ بفعل مساعد. * أسئلة تبدأ بكلمة إستفهام. (1) Yes/No Questions: * Were you going home at noon yesterday? - Yes, I was. – No, I wasn't. * Were they playing football in the garden? - Yes, they were. – No, they weren't. * Was dad reading the paper this afternoon? - Yes, he was. – No, he wasn't. (2) Wh- Questions: * What were you doing at three yesterday? - I was reading a novel. * Where was Mai going this morning? - She was going to the market. ***************************************** (2) Usage:* يستخدم زمن الماضى المستمر للتعبير عن حدث كان مستمر حدوثه فى وقت من الماضى.... * We were watching TV after lunch yesterday. ***************************************** (3) Key words: ( Yesterday / Last / Ago / This morning / While …. ) ********************************* ( While / As / Just as / During / When ) While / As / Just as مـاضـــــــى مســـتــمــر , مــاضـــــى بســــيــط * تستخدم هذه الكلمات بمعنى ( بـيـنــما ) ، معناها أن هناك حدثان ماضيان، أحدهما كان مستمر أثناء وقوع حدث ماضى أخر.... * While I was studying, the doorbell rang. * As They were climbing the ladder, it broke. * Just as she was cutting fruit, she cut her hand. * ملحوظة هامة: إذا اتى بعد ( While / As / Just as ) ماضى مستمر ثم ماضى مستمر أخر، فهذا معناه أن الحدثين كانا مستمران معا فى وقت واحد فى الماضى....* While we were chatting on the net, my mum was preparing lunch. * He met his uncle while he was walking to school. * She saw the accident just as she was having a look at the street. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One * He lost his mobile phone as he was running home. * Father was cleaning the car while I was pumping up the tyres. * While running to catch the train, I lost my wallet. During ( noun ) , مــاضـــــى بســــــيــط * During nursery school, she used to talk much in class. During ( Gerund ) , مــاضـــــى بســــــيــط * During filming, the main actor had an accident. * لاحظ التحويل من ( While ) إلى ( During ) والعكس....* During the party, we introduced many friends. * While we were having a party, we introduced many friends. When مــاضــى بســـــيـط , مــاضـــى مســتـمـر * When I saw Amira, she was talking with a friend. * When the phone rang, I was revising for the test. * لاحظ مكان الرابط فى منتصف الجملة... * Hend was writing a report when the boss arrived. * They were playing tennis when it started to rain. When مـــاضـــى بســــــيــط , مـــاضـــى بســــــيــط * When I was a child, I used to play with matches. * When she arrived, she found that the thieves broke into her house. * لاحظ استخدام حرف الجر( on ) ليحل محل ( when ) عند حذف الفاعل ويتبعها ( Gerund )كما فى المثال التالى:* When he got up, he found that she escaped. * On getting up, he found that she escaped. Fun with Beyond in English! [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image023.jpg[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (5) The Present Perfect Tense: (1) Form: ( Have / Has + p.p. ) * The teacher has just entered the class. * They haven't eaten lunch yet. * Reem has already furnished her flat. * She's stayed in Alex since 2004. (a) Negative Form: * They haven't played the game yet. * We have never slept early since last week. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image024.jpg[/IMG](b) Interrogative Form: *هناك نوعان من الأسئلة: * أسئلة تبدأ بفعل مساعد. * أسئلة تبدأ بكلمة إستفهام. (1) Yes/No Questions: * Have you tidied your room yet? - Yes, I have. – No, I haven't. * Has Amany ever been to Tanta? - Yes, she has. – No, she hasn't. (2) Wh-Questions: * Where has Samy been on holiday? - He has been to Port Said. * What have you done? - I've fed the chickens. ********************************* (2) Usage: * يستخدم المضارع التام للتعبير عن حدث وقع منذ فترة قصيرة جدا ومازال له أثره على الوقت الحاضر. * أى يعتبر المضارع التام حلقة الوصل بين الماضى البسيط والمضارع البسيط. * حدث غير محدد ولم يكتمل. ********************************* (3) Key words: ( Since / For / Ever / Never / Already / Yet / Just / Recently / Lately / So far ) (1) Since: معناها ( منذ ) تأتى بعدها سنة ماضية / أو حدث ماضى / أو ساعة زمنية. * Rana has lived here since 1981. * Noha hasn’t seen Samar since she was ten. * They have played tennis since 2 o'clock. * أما إذا جاء فعلان فقبلها مضارع تام وبعدها ماضى بسيط كالتالى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image026.jpg[/IMG]* She has been in bed since she arrived from Cairo. * I haven't written to him since he traveled abroad. (2) For: معناها ( لمدة ) ويأتى بعدها فترة زمنية ( ساعات / أيام / شهور / سنين... ) * Amira has stayed in the country for three weeks. * Aya has listened to music for two hours. (3) Ever: وتأتى فى السؤال وتسأل عن خبرات الشخص السابقة. معناها ( سبق لك ) * Have you ever been to London? * Has Nourhan ever seen an actor? (4) Never: معناها ( أبدا ) لذلك تعبر عن النفى. * Nada has never visited the Egyptian Museum. * Israa has never been abroad. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit One (5) Already: معناها ( بالفعل ) وتأتى فى الجمل المثبتة. * I have already polished my shoes. * They have already been to Qena. (6) Yet = So far: .معناها ( حتى الأن ) ، وتأتى مع السؤال والجملة المنفية * Have you had your breakfast yet? * Aisha hasn't phoned me yet. (7) Just: معناها ( توا / منذ فترة قصيرة مضت ) وتأتى مع الجمل المثبتة. * My father has just phoned me. * Basma has just ironed the shirts. (8) Recently: معناها ( مؤخرا ) وتأتى مع الجمل المثبتة. * I have met Mr. Amr recently. * Fatma has sent a letter recently. (9) Lately: معناها ( مؤخرا ) وتأتى مع الجمل المنفية. * I haven't seen Hager lately. * Salma hasn't traveled lately. * ملاحظات عامة على زمن المضارع التام: ☺ لاحظ هذه التحويلات: * Ali hasn't visited his uncle for a month. * It's a month since Ali last visited his uncle. * I last saw Noha when we were on holiday. * I haven't seen Noha since we were on holiday. * I haven't studied English since last week. * I haven't studied English for the last week. * We last visited Matrouh in 2002. * The last time we visited Matrouh was in 2002. * We haven't visited Matrouh since 2002. * The workers have just arrived. * The workers arrived a moment ago. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image028.jpg[/IMG] * It is still raining. * It hasn't stopped raining yet. Mr. Amr * Sandy has never been to Suez. * It is the first time Sandy has ever been to Suez. * Awab has been living in Kafr el-Sheikh since 1981. * Awab has been living in Kafr el-Sheikh for 28 years. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Two Linking words ( Conjunctions ) * هناك العديد من الروابط منقسمة حسب نوعها كالتالى: (1) Addition links:* هناك العديد من كلمات ربط الإضافة، تختلف بإختلاف موقعها فى الجملة وما يأتى بعدها كالتالى: ( And / As well as / Besides / Also / Too / Either / As well / In addition / In addition to / Furthermore / Moreover / Not only .. but also / Both .. and … / Neither .. nor / Either .. or .. etc. ) (a) And: * Rewan went to the market and bought some food. (b) In addition / Furthermore / Moreover / Besides:يأتى بعدهم جمــلة كاملــــة * Mayar studies English. In addition, she studied French. * We are donating money. Furthermore, we are providing medical supplies. * This shirt is very expensive. Moreover, its fabric isn't fine. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image029.jpg[/IMG]* I thought the book was useful. Besides, it was very cheap. (c) In addition to / As well as / Besides: ) Gerund يأتى بعدهم ( إســم أو * In addition to squash, Merna plays volleyball well. * In addition to cooking lunch, Zahia tidied the room. * Ramy is excellent at history in addition to geography. * Zahraa asks about her friends in addition to meeting them in person. * Besides insulting his friends, he fought them. * Besides breakfast, the hotel offers other meals freely. * He is keen on attending symposiums besides conferences. * Sara endures staying out in the sun besides facing dangers. * حاول أن لا تخلط بين ( Beside ) التى معناها ( بجانب ) وكلمة الربط ( Besides ) التى معناها ( بالإضافة إلى )..* As well as working as a politician, Swift was a churchman. * Yara is cheerful as well as being polite. * He has worked in Japan as well as Italy. * ملاحظات على As well as:* عند حذف فاعل الجملة بعد ( as well as ) نضع للفعل ( ing ) كالتالى: * He hurt his leg as well as breaking his arm. * I have to clean the floors as well as polish the furniture. * Samar, as well as her friends, was delighted on hearing the news. * Israa was delighted to hear the news as well as Shaimaa. * He is co-operative as well as me. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Two (d) Not only .. but also/ but .. as well: معناها ( ليس فقط .. ولكن أيضا .. ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image031.jpg[/IMG]* تستخدم فى حالة ربط جملتين ذات فاعل واحد وفعلين مختلفين كالتالى: * I not only gave him money but I also found him a job. * I didn't only prepare for the party but I also wrote the invitation cards. * Hend not only wrote a letter but she also posted it. * Marwa doesn't only come to school early but she also salutes the flag. * He not only scored a goal, but he won the first prize as well. * تستخدم أيضا فى حالة ربط جملتين ذات فاعل واحد وصفتين مختلفتين كالتالى: * Viola is not only obedient but she is also clever. * Menna is not only a hard-working secretary but she is also a successful housewife. * تستخدم أيضا فى حالة ربط جملتين ذات فاعل واحد ومفعولين مختلفين كالتالى: * Miss Walaa teaches not only English but Spanish as well. * إذا بدأت الجملة بـ ( Not only ) فتكملة الجملة تنهج منهج ترتيب السؤال من حيث الفعل المساعد والفاعل كالتالى:* Not only does Shadwa participate in competitions but she also wins world awards. * Not only did Basant go to the cinema but she also visited her grandmother. (e) Both .. and .. : معناها ( كلا من ... و .. ) * I like both him and his brother. * They were both hungry and thirsty. * Both Abdulla and Mohammed are well-built. * لاحظ أيضا هذه الأمثلة: * Both of them were happy at the party. * We both played the violin. * Do you want a lift? I can take both of you. * Both of my sisters live in London. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image033.jpg[/IMG]* Both the women were French. * I liked them both. (f) Either .. or .. : معناها ( سواء .. أو .. ) * You can either attend the meeting or apologize. * You can repay the debt either tomorrow or next week. * The clothes in this shop are either Turkish or Thai. * My father may be either in Suez or in Hurghada. * لاحظ أيضا هذه الأمثلة: * Either of us are willing to help. * Ali doesn't like maths. I don't like it, either. (g) Neither .. nor .. : معناها ( لا .. ولا .. ) * تستخدم فى ربط جملتين ذات فاعل واحد وفعلين مختلفين كالتالى: * Hany neither came nor phoned. * Hala is neither greedy nor proud. * She can speak neither English nor French. * تستخدم فى ربط جملتين ذات فاعلين مختلفين وفعل واحد كالتالى: * Neither they nor Maha was in the lab. * Neither Ali nor his friends are careful. * نلاحظ فى المثال السابق أن فعل الجملة يتبع الفاعل الثانى. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Two * لاحظ أيضا هذه الأمثلة: * Neither of the days is/are suitable. * It’s neither possible nor likely that they will succeed. (h) Too / Also / Either / As well: ( جميعهم بمعنى ( أيضا * He also enjoys reading short stories. * He has also been to Australia. * He is also intelligent. * All the people were asleep also. * She felt sorry for him. Also, she wept desperately. * Aya likes hockey. I like hockey, too. * Her personal life, too, seems happier. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image034.jpg[/IMG]* He, too, was coming to a decision. * I hate standing in the sun. Soha hates it, either. * She couldn't remember my name. I couldn't remember it, either. * I just ignored it. I think everybody else did as well. * I really love this song, and I like the first one as well. ************************************* (2) Cause links: * هناك العديد من كلمات ربط السبب، تختلف بإختلاف موقعها فى الجملة وما يأتى بعدها كالتالى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image036.jpg[/IMG]( Because / As / Since / Because of / Through / Due to / Owing to / On account of / Being / That's why / .. etc. ) (a) As / Since / Because: معناها ( لأن ) وتأتى بعدها جملة كاملة * As he was careless, he failed the final exam. * He had a bad accident as he was driving at a breakneck speed. * Beautiful as she was, she got married to a rich man. * Since he got up late, he missed the early morning train. * Haidy will book two tickets since her father will accompany her. * Because I like English best, I can't miss buying a new dictionary. * I always go to the gym because I want to keep fit. (b) Because of / Due to / Owing to / On account of / Through / For: * معناها ( بسبب ) ويأتى بعدها إسم أو ( Gerund ) كالتالى:[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image037.jpg[/IMG]* Because of his illness, he didn't attend the symposium. * Her colleagues are jealous of her because of her stunning beauty. * He couldn't get into his flat because of losing his keys. * Due to his bravery, he was crowned as a king. * The match was put off due to the bad weather conditions. * Owing to loss of appetite, he became very thin. * He was killed owing to his tyranny. * On account of bad road conditions, there are many deaths every week. * She reacted angrily on account of her malice. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Two * Through bad organization, errors were made. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image039.jpg[/IMG]* He obtained this position through flattery and hypocrisy. * He got an increment for his great efforts. (c) Being: ويأتى بعدها صفةمعناها ( بسبب ) * Being poor, he couldn't marry his princess charming. * Being greedy, all her neighbours avoid her. (d) That's why: معناها ( لهذا السبب ) * He fell ill. That's why he didn't manage to come to the party. * We arrived late. That's why we didn't want to make noise. ************************************* (3) Contrast links:* هناك العديد من كلمات ربط التناقض، تختلف بإختلاف موقعها فى الجملة وما يأتى بعدها كالتالى: ( Although / Though / Even though / Even if / In spite of / Despite / Regardless of / However / But / Whatever / Whether … or not / Yet / Nevertheless / Even so ) (a) Although / Even though / Even if / Even so: معناها ( على الرغم من ) ويأتى بعدها جملـــة كاملــــة [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image040.jpg[/IMG]* Although he was ill, he took part in the race. * He loved her although she was ugly. * I would inform the police even though he paid the money. * Even though I had nowhere to go, I moved out of the flat. * She knew all her friends would be there. She didn't want to go, though. * He didn't talk to me though he passed quite near to where I was standing. * I won't talk to him again even if we are reconciled. * Even if you paid me a thousand pounds, I wouldn't do it. * There are a lot of spelling mistakes; even so it's a good essay. (b) In spite of / Despite / Regardless of: ( Gerund ) معناها ( على الرغم من ) ويأتى بعدها إســم أو [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image042.jpg[/IMG]* In spite of working hard, he didn't get high marks. * In spite of her beauty, no suitors propose to her. * He keeps on complaining in spite of being rich. * She likes to live beyond her means in spite of her poverty. * Despite being expensive, I will buy it. * Despite his bravery in the battle, he was badly injured. * The rumours were believed despite his good reputation. * The law was passed despite the public opposition. * Regardless of her laziness, she has a fiery imagination. * I will help him regardless of the sequences. * She arrives at school late despite the fact that her father drives her. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Two (c) But / However / Yet / Nevertheless / Whatever: معناها ( على الرغم من ) * This skirt is fashionable, but it is expensive. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image044.jpg[/IMG]* Rana eats a lot, however she never gets fat. * Aya leaves home early. However, she comes late. * However beautiful she is, no one admired her. * It was a rainy day. Nevertheless, a lot of people came. * She knew it wasn't her fault. She feels guilty, nevertheless. * He has never practiced sport. Yet, he is very fit. * Whatever beauty she has, no one admired her. * Whatever her beauty is, no one admired her. (d) Whether .. or not: معناها ( سواء .. أم لا ) * I will go whether you come with me or not. * I don't know whether to accept the offer or not. ************************************* (4) Result links:* هناك العديد من كلمات ربط النتيجة، تختلف بإختلاف موقعها فى الجملة وما يأتى بعدها كالتالى: ( So / Therefore / Consequently / Thus / Accordingly / As a result / Hence ) * I missed the train, so I was late for the interview. * He got high marks. Therefore, he can join any university he wishes. * She didn't work hard enough, and consequently failed the tests. * I was driving slowly. Thus, I was surprised when I got a contravention. * We admit the fault was ours and, accordingly, we say sorry. * He was insulted. As a result, he filed a report at the police station. * Microwaves got cheaper and hence more people can afford them. ************************************* (5) Conditional links: * هناك العديد من روابط الشرط، تختلف بإختلاف موقعها فى الجملة وما يأتى بعدها: ( If / Unless / In case of / As long as / Provided that / Providing that / In the event of/that / Without / But for / On condition that / .. etc. ) (a) If / Unless / Without / But for: * If you study hard, you will succeed. * If you put salt in water, it dissolves. * If he doesn't follow the rules, he will be fined. * Unless he follows the rules, he will be fined. * If he got up early, he would catch the train. * If I were you, I would do my best. * If it weren't for the High Dam, we would suffer from floods. * Without/But for the High Dam, we would suffer from floods. * If he had been careful, he wouldn't have hurt himself. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Two (b) In case of / As long as / Provided that / Providing that / In the event of/that / On condition that: * Tourists will come to Egypt provided that we protect our environment. * In case of studying well, you will get top marks. * In the event of fire, leave the building as quickly as possible. * People will help you in the event that you help them. * As long as no problems arise we should get the job finished by Friday. * You will be a good student as long as you obey your teachers' instructions. * I will lend you the sum provided that you repay it soon. * She agreed to travel abroad providing that her family go with her. * I will let you pass on condition that you give me half the money. ************************************* [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image045.jpg[/IMG]( While / As / Just as / When / During ) (a) While / As / Just as: معناها ( بينما ) ويأتى بعدها ماضى مستمر * While I was walking home, I met my cousin. * As she was listening to music, the IPod broke down. * Just as we were preparing for lunch, our uncle came. * While playing in the street, it rained. * While she was cooking, her toddler was playing in the garden. (b) When: (معناها ( عندما * When I go home, I phone you. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image047.jpg[/IMG]* When I go home, I will phone you. * When I met Ali, he was waiting for the bus. * When I had finished my work, I went home. * When I finished my work, I went home. * When I went home, I had finished my work. (c) During: أو إســـم ( Gerund ) معناها ( أثناء ) ويأتى بعدها * During my sleep, I had a horrible nightmare. * During her trip, she met many important figures. Beyond in English! Wishes you the best of luck! Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Three The Past Perfect Tense [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image048.jpg[/IMG](1) Form: كالتالى:( had + p.p. )* يتكون زمن الماضى التام من * When I woke up, my father had left. * He had studied French before he moved to France. * Before Fady took the medicine, he had had a meal. (a) Negative Form: * يتم نفى الفعل فى زمن الماضى التام بإضافة ( not ) بعد ( had ) كما فى الأمثلة التالية:* Ahmed hadn't repaired his car. * Amr had not written the paragraphs. (b) Interrogative Form: * هناك نوعان من الإستفهام: * أسئلة تبدأ بفعل مساعد. * أسئلة تبدأ بكلمة إستفهام. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image049.jpg[/IMG](1) Yes/No Questions: * Had Nouran invited Mai? - Yes, she had. – No, she hadn't. * Had you tidied your room? - Yes, I had. – No, I hadn't. (2) Wh Questions: * What had you done before shopping? - I had had my lunch. * Where had Maram left her car? - At a corner. (2) Usage: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image050.jpg[/IMG]* يعبر زمن الماضى التام عن حدث كان قد تم قبل حدث ماضى أخر، فيبقى الحدث الأول ( الأقدم ) فى صيغة الماضى التام، والحدث الأخير ( الأحدث ) فى زمن الماضى البسيط... * After the police had arrested the thief, he was sent to prison. * Mona had brushed her teeth before she went to bed. * By the time I watched TV, I had done my homework. * As soon as she had graduated, she got married. * When I got home, I found that my wife had ironed the shirts. (3) Key words: ( After / Before / By the time / When / As soon as / By … o'clock / until ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image051.gif[/IMG] After [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image053.jpg[/IMG] When مــاضــــى تــــــام , مــاضــــى بســــــيـط As soon as * After I had written the report, I discussed it with Mai. * When we arrived at the cinema, the film started. * As soon as I had seen the accident, I phoned for an ambulance. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Three [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image054.gif[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image055.gif[/IMG]after مــاضـــى بســــــيـط when مــاضــــى تــــــام [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image057.jpg[/IMG]as soon as * I discussed the report with Mai after I had written it. * The film started when we arrived at the cinema. * I phoned for an ambulance as soon as I had seen the accident. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image058.gif[/IMG] Before مــاضـــى بســـــيـط , مــاضــى تــــــام By the time * Before they got married, they had set up their home. * By the time the police arrived, the thief had escaped. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image059.gif[/IMG][IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image060.gif[/IMG] مــاضـــى تـــــــام before مــاضـــى بســـــيــط by the time * They had set up their home before they got married. * The thief had escaped by the time the police arrived. ماضى بســـــيط منفى until / till ماضى تــــام * She didn't put the light out until she had read the story. * She didn't get married until she had got her degree. ******************************************* بعـض الروابــط الأخــرى ( No sooner / Hardly / Scarcely ………. than / when ……. ) * معناها: لـم يــكـد .... حـتــى .... ، وهى تفيد السرعة ، لاحظ ترتيب الجملة كما فى الأمثلة: * Rana had no sooner come home than she slept. * Dina had hardly graduated when she got a job. * Samer had scarcely logged onto the net when it went out. * إذا جاءت هذه الروابط فى أول الجملة نقدم ( had ) على الفاعل كنفس ترتيب السؤال ، كما فى الأمثلة:[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image062.jpg[/IMG]* No sooner had Rana come home than she slept. * Hardly had Dina graduated when she got a job. * Scarcely had Samer logged onto the net when it went out. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Three ملاحظـــات هامـــــــــة * When Ali visited us, we had had our dinner. * When Ali had visited us, we had our dinner. * إذا لم يأتى بعد كلمتى ( After / Before ) فاعل للجملة ، يأتى بعدها ( Gerund ) أى الفعل مزود بــ ( ing ) ، وتبقى الجملتان متساويتان فى المعنى... * After finishing secondary school, she joined the university. * After she had finished secondary school, she joined the university. * As soon as the pupils had written the lesson, he erased the board. * He erased the board as soon as the pupils had written the lesson. * When Hala found the money, she was shopping. * When Hala had found the money, she shopped. * من الممكن حذف كلمة الربط ووضع كلمة ( Having ) بدلا من الرابط فى بداية الجملة ويؤدى نفس المعنى. * After I had phoned Alyaa, I waited for her. * Having phoned Alyaa, I waited for her. * لاحظ التركيبات الآتية: * It was only when ماضى تـــــام , ماضى بســـــــيط * It was only when I had had my breakfast that I went to school. * It was only when Israa had met me that I knew the news. * It wasn't until ماضى تــــــام , ماضى بســــــيط * It wasn't until Nancy had graduated that she got engaged. * It wasn’t until I had had my diploma that I got the accreditation in translation. * Subject + only + ماضى بســـــــيط when + ماضى تـــــــام * Sally only bought the laptop when she had saved 5000 pounds. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Three * I only got high marks when I had studied from the beginning of the year. * By + تاريخ ماضى + Subject + ماضى تــــــام * By 2002, I had finished my academic studies. * By October, Lamar had come back from Spain. * It wasn't + تاريخ ماضى until + Subject + ماضى تـــــام * It wasn't October until Lamar had come back from Spain. * It wasn't 2002 until I had finished my academic studies. * Immediately on / Shortly after + gerund / Noun. * Immediately on his arrival, the phone rang. * Shortly after leaving for school, his friend called him. ********************************* Beyond in English! تعطيك روشتة النجاح والتفوق! [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image064.gif[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Four (1) The Future Simple: (1) Form: ( will / shall + infinitive ) * He will arrive next month. * Perhaps we will become rich one day. * May be people will live in space in the future. * She'll buy a car if she has money. * هناك نوعان من الأسئلة: * أسئلة تبدأ بفعل مساعد. * أسئلة تبدأ بكلمة إستفهام.* Interrogative Form: * Yes/No Questions: * Will you visit Sinai next summer? - Yes, I will. – No, I won't. - I'm not sure. * Will Aya get top marks at university? - Yes, she will. – No, she won't. – Perhaps. * Wh-Questions: * What will life be like in the future? - I think people will live on other planets. * Why won't Salma study abroad one day? - Because she is not keen on estrangement. (2) Usage: * حدث سوف يتم بعد فترة بعيدة فى المستقبل. do postgraduate studies in the future.* She will * حدث يتم التنبؤ به فى المستقبل. * I think he will win the first prize. * حدث غير مؤكد الحدوث وغير مخطط أو مرتب له فى المستقبل * We will buy anything for Nada's birthday. * إتخاذ قرارات سريعة. * It is hot. I'm going to turn on the air conditioner. * عرض المساعدة أو تقديم خدمة للآخرين. * Will I help you do these sums? * طلب المساعدة من الآخرين. * Will you help me cross the road, please? * عمل تهديدات. * If you meet those bad guys, I will deprive you of your pocket money * حقيقة مستقبلية. * My father will be 70 next December. * إعطاء وعود مستقلية. * I promise I will make you happy. (3) Key words: ( Tomorrow / Next / In the future / Perhaps / May be / Think / Hope / Soon / I'm not sure / Predict / Promise / Who knows!……. ) * I hope you will get better soon. * Scientists predict that life in the future will be more comfortable. * I promised Israa to bring back the money as soon as possible. * May be Jessica will get her prince charming one day. Who knows! * I don't think Mariam will achieve good results. Well anyway, God knows best. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Four (2) The Near Future with ( going to ): (1) Form: ( am / is / are + going to + infinitive ) * Look at the sky! It is going to rain. * I'm going to fly to London next week. * We're going to play squash on Monday. * She is going to be a doctor. * Interrogative Form: * هناك نوعان من الأسئلة: * أسئلة تبدأ بفعل مساعد. * أسئلة تبدأ بكلمة إستفهام. (1) Yes/No Questions: * Are you going to pump up the tyres this afternoon? - Yes, I'm. – No, I'm not. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image066.jpg[/IMG]* Is Taghreed going to be an engineer after university? - Yes, she is. – No, she isn't. (2) Wh-Questions: * When are you going to take the monthly tests? - Next Wednesday. * Where is Nour going to spend the feast? - In the country. (2) Usage: * He is driving carelessly. He is going to crash into a tree. * The sky is cloudy. The sun is not going to shine today. * My sister is going to get married next month. * We are going to move to a new flat next summer. * There are some clouds in the sky. It is going to rain. (3) Key words: ( Tomorrow / Next / This afternoon / This evening / Tonight / …. ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image067.jpg[/IMG]* We are going to watch the new film at the cinema tonight. * She is going to see her friend off at the airport tomorrow evening. * Islam is going to be a surgeon after his graduation. * They are going to buy presents for their mother's birthday. * You are going to be late if you take the bus. * I'm traveling next week. * The school inspector is coming on Thursday. * What are you doing tomorrow morning? * She's visiting her aunt tomorrow. * We are about to have dinner. * I'm about to leave for London. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Five Definite and Indefinite articles: (1) Indefinite Articles: * ملحوظة: الحروف الساكنة هى حروف اللغة الإنجليزية محذوف منهم الحروف المتحركة. الحروف المتحركة هى: ( a, e, i, o, u ) . * A book – A girl – A chair – A bear - A lawyer - ... etc. * An egg – An ice cream – An accountant – An umbrella - … etc. (2) The Definite Article: * الحالات التى تستخدم فيها (The): 1- مع الأسماء التى يوجد منها شىء واحد وفريد فى الكون. * The sun, The moon, The world, The North Pole, The Earth, The equator, .. etc. * I bought a shirt. The shirt was expensive. * The Sudan, The Yemen, The USA, The United Kingdom, … etc. * The Nile, The Red Sea, The Pacific Ocean, The Mediterranean Sea, … etc. * The Alps, The Himalayas, The Middle East, The Cape of Good Hope, … etc. * Ali is the tallest pupil in class. * The telephone, The computer, The internet, The Television, … etc. * The giraffe, The kangaroo, The spiders, The killer whale, … etc. * The cinema, The club, The theatre, The office, … etc. * The guitar, The violin, The Piano, The drum, The Lute, … etc. * The rich, The poor, The blind, The deaf, The disabled, The handicapped, … etc. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Five * I like fish. I like the fish on that plate. * The Quran, The Bible, The gospel, The New Testament, The Old Testament, … * The morning, The afternoon, The evening, … etc. * The Greens, The Montagues, The Capulets, The Smiths, .. etc. * The Times, The Tribune, The Egyptian Gazette, The Guardian, .. etc. * الحالات التى لا تستخدم فيها (The): 1- أسماء العلم. * Israa, George, Jessica, Ibrahim, … etc. * Beauty, Love, Happiness, Fear, Magnanimity, Courage, Cowardice, Jealousy, … * The beauty of nature, The love of Egypt, The jealousy of women, … etc. * Maths, Science, Biology, Anthropology, Botany, Geology, History, … etc. * Arabic, English, French, Chinese, Japanese, Hebrew, Mandarin, ..etc. * Reading, Swimming, Smoking, Hiking, Shopping, Football, Basketball, … etc. * Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner, Supper, … etc. * Iron, Glass, Wood, Copper, Silver, Tin, Gold, Paper, Leather, Cotton, Wool, … * School, Hospital, Mosque, Church, Prison, Library, … etc. 9- حرف الجر ( in front of ) معناه: أمام. أما إذا إقترن بــ (The) فيصبح معناه: فى مقدمة كذا. 10- قبل هذه الكلمات ( Home, Bed, Work, Town ) إذا جاءت بدون صفات. * He went home. * She was at home. * She went to the bride's home. * He isn't back from work yet. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Six Comparison * Comparatives: المقارنة بين إثنين أولا: صفات قصيرة المقطع:* Tall / Short / Young / Thin / Fat / Clever / Easy / Heavy / Happy, …etc. * Dina is taller than Donia. * The mouse is smaller than the elephant. * The cat is nicer than the dog. * The city is larger than the town. * This table is bigger than that chair. * Soha is thinner than Elham. * The city is noisier than the country. * The film is funnier than the play. * Beautiful / Important / Expensive / Intelligent / Dangerous / Exciting, Modern / Useful / Incredible / Helpful / Enjoyable,…etc. * Ghada is more beautiful than Shaymaa. * The shirts are more expensive than the shorts. Comparative Adjective Comparative Adjective Less Little Better Good / well Farther / Further Far Worse Bad / Badly More Many/Much/A lot of * Heba is better than me at painting. * The village is farther than the town. * Shady has got less juice than Islam. * Sondos bought more books than Aisha. * Alexandria is less far than Cairo. * This film is less bad than that film. * تستخدم ( Farther ) بمعنى ( أبعد ) للمسافات: * He had to go farther to find a suitable shop to buy from. * I don't like to see him any further. * I need further information. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Six * Superlatives: المقارنة بين أكثر من إثنين أولا: صفات قصيرة المقطع:* عند المقارنة بين أكثر من إثنين ، نضيف الصفة بعد كلمة ( The + adj. + est ) ... * Amany is the tallest girl in class. * The whale is the longest animal. * Mary is the fattest girl in the family. * Today is the hottest day in summer. * New York is the busiest sea port. * This is the funniest book in the library. * عند المقارنة بين أكثر من إثنين وتكون الصفة طويلة المقطع ، نضعها كما هى بلا تعديل بعد كلمتى ( The most + adj. ) .. * This is the most expensive car I have ever seen. * Tarek is the most helpful boy in our group. Comparative Adjective Comparative Adjective The least Little The best Good / well The Farthest / Furthest Far The worst Bad / Badly The most Many/Much/A lot of * Mr. Alaa is the best teacher at school. * This is the most modern machine. * Lamiaa ate the most rice for lunch. * Mohammed has the most incredible robot. ****************************************** * Equal Adjectives: الصفات فى المقارنات المتساوية * عند تساوى شيئين فى صفة ، نضع الصفة كما هى بلا تغيير بين كلمتى ( as + adj. + as) ...* Nada is as quiet as Ola. * My car is as good as your car. * She is as useful as him. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image068.jpg[/IMG]* عند نفى تساوى الصفات نستخدم: ( not as + adj. + as ) or ( not so + adj. + as ) ... Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Seven Relative Clauses * أنواع ضمائر الوصل: ( who / which / that / whose / where / when ) 1- Who / That: بمعنى الذى / التى / الذين / اللاتى ( تحل محل الفاعل أو المفعول العاقل ) * Ayman who/that lives next door to me is a mechanic. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image070.jpg[/IMG]* Those are the people who/that he met there. * The leader was taking care of the pilots who/that were young. 2- Which / That: بمعنى الذى / التى / الذين / اللاتى ( تحل محل الفاعل أو المفعول غير العاقل ) * He was wearing a hat which/that was very big. * The plane disappeared near Bermuda which/that is an island. * He understood the poem which/that was difficult. 3- Whom: بمعنى الذى / التى ( تحل محل المفعول العاقل أو ضميره ) * The men with whom I lived in London were cheerful. * لاحظ أنه يمكن حذفها دون تأثر المعنى: * The men lived with in London were cheerful. * The person who I talked to was the manager. * The person whom I talked to was the manager. 4- Whose: تستخدم للتعبير عن الملكية بدلا من ، وبدلا من صفات الملكية ويتبعها اسم الشىء المملوك. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image071.jpg[/IMG]* The policeman helped the man whose wallet was stolen. * The controller spoke to the leader whose compass had stopped. * I visited Aya whose house is near school. 5- Where: بمعنى حيث للتعبير عن المكــان * This is the restaurant where we had lunch last week. * This is the room where I used to sleep. * Sandy visited Paris where she met some businessmen. * لاحظ إستخدام ( in which ) للتعبير عن ( where ) كالتالى:[IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image072.jpg[/IMG]* I went to the town in which I was educated. 6- When: بمعنى عندما للتعبير عن الزمــان * August is a hot month when we go to Matrouh. * October is a special month when we celebrate our victory. * We visit him on Saturday when he is at home. * لاحظ إستخدام ( in which ) للتعبير عن ( when ) كالتالى:Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Seven * August is a hot month in which we go to Matrouh. * ملاحظـــات هامـــــة: * I watched what Ronaldo scored. * I watched the goal which Ronaldo scored. * This is the man to whom I will sell the villa. * This is the man who will buy the villa. * هذه الحالة يأتى فيها ( Who / Whom ) على السواء. * This is the man who/whom I helped. * من الممكن حذف ( Who / Which ) يحذف ( V. to be ) أيضا كالتالى: * The food which was left has turned bad. * The food left has turned bad. * The man who arranged for the meeting is a tour guide. * The ship, which was carrying 400 passengers, sank in the sea. * Students who are brilliant must be rewarded. * Brilliant students must be rewarded. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image073.gif[/IMG] [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image075.jpg[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Eight ( Used to + inf. ) * Affirmative Form: * I used to take part in school competitions. * She used to buy the family needs. * We used to live in the countryside. * People used to use dial phones. * Negative Form:* ممكن الممكن نفيها بطريقتين كالتالى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image077.jpg[/IMG]* I didn't use to have a mobile phone during school days. * Menna never used to drink fizzy water. * Interrogative Form: * Did you use to play chess at school? - No, I didn't. * Where did they use to go in summer? - They used to go to Hurghada. * He was in the habit of leaving the windows open during his sleep. * She was accustomed to visit her friends on feast days. ( Be used to + Gerund ) * Affirmative Form: * He is used living alone. * She is used to staying up late in summer. * We are used to sleeping in noise. * They are used to drinking black coffee. * Negative Form: * Ahmed isn't used to lending his books to his friends. * We aren't used to traveling by rain. * Interrogative Form: * Are you used to studying with your sister? - Yes, I am. – No, I am not. * What is Donia used to doing? - She is used to bothering her neighbours. ( Be used to + inf. ) * A knife is used to cut things. * A computer is used to store information. ( Be used for + Gerund ) * A Keyboard is used for typing letters. * A modem is used for sending e-mails from one computer to another. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Nine The Present Perfect Continuous: (1) Form:( Have/Has been + v. + ing ) (a) Affirmative Form: * I've been studying English for ten years. * It has been raining all day. * We have been living here since 1984. * She's been watching TV for 3 hours now. (b) Interrogative Form: (1) Yes/No Questions * Have you been cooking since the afternoon? - Yes, I have. – No, I haven't. * Has Noha been doing puzzles? - Yes, she has. – No, she hasn't. (2) Wh Questions: * How long have you been standing here? - For half an hour. * What has she been doing all day? - She has been typing letters. (2) Usage:* يستخدم زمن المضارع التام المستمر فى الآتى: 1- أحداث بدأت فى الماضى ومازالت مستمرة حتى الوقت الحاضر.* Mona has been playing the piano since she was ten. * I've been waiting for the bus for an hour now. 4- يستخدم للتعبير عن طول مدة حدوث الشىء مع كلمة الإستفهام ( How long? ) * How long have you been working abroad? ( Believe / Forget / Hate / Like / Understand / Know / See / Want / … etc. ) (3) Key words:* يأتى زمن المضارع التام المستمر غالبا مع هذة الكلمات: ( Since / For .. now / For .. still / So far .. now / How long? / All day / All night / All this week / All this month / All this year / .. etc. ) * ملحوظة هامة: إذا جاء مع كلمة ( since) فعل واحد يوضع فى زمن المضارع التام البسيط أو المضارع التام المستمر كالآتى:* I haven't visited the Egyptian museum since 1999. * Mr. Omar has been teaching in this school since 1999. * I have done nothing since we met this morning. * He has been working as a translator since he graduated 8 years ago. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Nine * يهتم زمن المضارع التام البسيط بإكتمال الحدث والنتيجة المترتبة عليه كالتالى: *Someone has spilt ink on my jacket. المهم هنا هو الحدث وما نتج عنه فقط. * يهتم زمن المضارع التام المستمر أن الحدث ما زال فى منتصفه فيكون تركيزه على مدة إستغراق الحدث حتى لحظة الكلام.* I have been painting the ceiling for four hours now. المهم هنا هو مدة إستغراق الحدث. (4) Passive Form: :* تتكون صيغة المبنى للمجهول للجملة الخبرية فى زمن المضارع التام المستمر من الأتى ( Have been/Has been + p.p. ) * They have been playing tennis since 5 o'clock. Tennis has been played since 5 o'clock. * The plumber has fixed some pipes. Some pipes have been fixed. (5) Question Tag: * She has been phoning you for an hour, hasn't she? * They haven't been running, have they? ************************************** [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image078.gif[/IMG] [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image079.jpg[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Ten Question Tags * السؤال المذيل: هو عبارة عن سؤال مختصر يضاف فى نهاية الجملة الخبرية ويكون بمعنى ( أليس كذلك؟): * إذا كانت الجملة مثبتة يكون السؤال المذيل منفى. * He is hard-working, isn't he? * Israa can speak English, can't she? * Samar will meet us, won't he? * Hend has sold a car, hasn't she? * Nour was at the park, wasn't she? * They were tired, weren't they? * There is some food, isn't there? * This is my house, isn't it? * إذا كانت الجملة منفية يكون السؤال المذيل مثبت. * They aren't ill, are they? * She couldn't swim, could she? * They haven't played, have they? * Nada wouldn't come, would she? * There isn't any food, is there? * These aren't my books, are they? * لاحظ أن هناك أساليب نفى غير ( not ) مثل ( Hardly / Rarely / Seldom / Scarcely / Barely /Never / No longer / .. etc. ) كالتــالى:* He rarely visits us, does he? * They no longer play tennis, do they? * ملحوظة هامة: إذا كانت الجملة تخلو من فعل مساعد صريح، نستنتج الفعل المساعد من الفعل الرئيسى بإستخدام: ( do / does / did ) * Aya chats on the net, doesn't she? * They work on Monday, don't they? * I tidied my room, didn't I? * He doesn't like chips, does he? * We don't play chess, do we? * Emy didn't phone, did she? * لاحظ أن: الإجابة على السؤال المذيل المنفى تكون بالإثبات بـ ( Yes ) كالتالى:* The students arrived late, didn't they? - Yes, they did. * He won't pay the bill, will he? - No, he won't. * حـــالات خاصـــــــة: * I am smart, aren't I? * Let's go swimming, shall we? * Let us start, will/won't you? * We shall help him, shan't we? * Close the window, will you? * Don't make a noise, will you? * She never cleans the room, does she? * No body came, did they? * Everyone is ready, aren't they? * Everything is right, isn't it? * Nothing was done, was it? * Somebody called, didn't they? * We needn't take a taxi, need we? * You daren't tell him, dare you? * لاحظ أن: تعامل كلا من ( Everything / Nothing ) معاملة المفرد كما فى الأمثلة السابقة.* وكذلك ( Every one / Everybody / Someone / Somebody / No one / Nobody / Anybody ) تعامل معاملة الجمع كما فى الأمثلة السابقة. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Eleven The Past Perfect Continuous Tense: (1) Form:( had been + v. + ing )* يتكون زمن الماضى التام المستمر من: (a) Affirmative Form: * I had been reading the paper for two ours before he came. * There were floods because it had been raining for two days. (b) Interrogative Form: * Had they been eating for 3 hours before your arrival? – No, they hadn't. * What had you been doing before I came? - I had been revising for my exams. (2) Usage:* يستخدم زمن الماضى التام المستمر فى الآتى: 1- يستخدم زمن الماضى التام المستمر لوصف حدث وقع وإستمر لمدة معينة ومحددة من الوقت وذلك قبل حدث ماضى آخر. * They had been waiting for two hours before the plane took off. 2- يستخدم زمن الماضى التام المستمر لإعطاء سبب لحدث وقع فى الماضى. * There were floods because it had been raining for three hours. 3- يستخدم زمن الماضى التام المستمر للتعبير عن التكرار فى الماضى. * We had been trying to reach you on the phone yesterday. (3) Key words: ( After / Before / By the time / When / As soon as / By … o'clock / until ) * الفرق بين الماضى المستمر والماضى التام المستمر: * When I phoned Emy, she was having a piano lesson. * When I phoned Emy, she had been having a piano lesson. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image081.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image082.gif[/IMG] [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image083.gif[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Twelve Pronouns and Reflexive Pronouns * هناك أنواع عديدة من الضمائر كالأتى: Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns I Me Mine Myself He Him His Himself She Her Hers Herself It It Its Itself We Us Ours Ourselves They Them Theirs Themselves You You Yours Yourself / Yourselves استخدامات الضمائر المنعكسة: 1- عندما يكون الفاعل والمفعول واحد فى الجملة كالتالى: * Zahia cut herself when she was peeling the onions. * We teach ourselves how to use the computer. 2- تستخدم للتأكيد كالتالى: * Who mended the car for you? Nobody, I mended it myself. * I'm not going to do your homework. You'll have to do it yourself. 3- تؤدى معنى ( بمفرده / بدون مساعدة ) فتتساوى فى المعنى مع: ( On my own / Alone / By myself / Without any help ) كالتالى:* I went to the ball on my own (alone). * I learned to drive a car by myself (without any help). * The children are old enough to look after themselves. * I'd like to make a name for myself as a promising teacher. * Try to depend on yourself. ( get up / shave / wash / shower / dress / relax / meet / lie down / hurry / change / undress / afford / complain / approach / sit down / wake up / remember / concentrate / wonder / worry / stand up ) * Everyday, I get up early, wash, dress and go to school. ( behind / next to / beside / in front of / near / close to ) * My brother lives next to me. * When I looked in my car mirror, I found a lorry behind me. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Twelve * Don't forget to bring your camera with you. * I will take my son with me to the club. * One should depend on oneself. * They helped each other in solving the problem. * They solved the problem by themselves. * She hurt herself in the accident. ( Have a good time = Enjoy yourself ) ( Be polite/Behave well = Behave yourself ) ( Take food and drink as you like = Help yourself ) ( Behave as if it were your home = Make yourself at home ) *************************** Possessive Pronouns Possessive Adjectives Subject Pronouns Mine My I His His He Hers Her She Its Its It Ours Our We Theirs Their They Yours Your You * This is my mobile phone. This mobile phone is mine. * This is their car. This car is theirs. * This is our room. This room is ours. * Ali is a friend of mine. Ali is one of my friends. * ضمائر الملكية تحل محل صفات الملكية والإسم الذى يليها. * تستخدم ضمائر الملكية تستعمل مع( of ) . [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image084.jpg[/IMG]* لا يأتى مع ضمائر الملكية اسم عكس صفات الملكية. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Thirteen Conditional Sentences "IF" (1) Zero Conditional: If مضــــارع بســـــــيــط , مضــــارع بســـــــيــط * If you heat metal, it expands. * If I feel tired, I go to bed. * If you put salt in water, it dissolves. * If plants aren't watered, they fade. * ملحوظة هامة: نلاحظ مما سبق أن ( if ) أداة الشرط ، يتبعها جملة الشرط مضارع بسيط، وجواب الشرط مضارع بسيط أيضا. مضــــارع بســـــــيــط if مضـــــارع بســـــــيــط * Water boils if it is heated to 100 C. * Volcanoes send out lavas if they erupt. * Metals contract if they are cooled. * Wood floats if you put it in water. * من الممكن أن يأتى أجزاء الجملة الشرطية فى صيغة المبنى للمجهول كالتالى: * If water is cooled, it freezes. * If plants are left without water, they fade. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image085.jpg[/IMG]( Unless = If not ) * If you don't heat metal, it doesn't expand. * Unless you heat metal, it doesn't expand. ***************************************** (2) First Conditional: If مضـــــارع بســــــيــط , مســــتقـبــل بســـــــــيـــط * If you do well at school, you will pass. * If I getup early, I can catch the train * If she has money, she is going to buy a car. * If they score, they may win the race. * ملحوظة هامة: نلاحظ مما سبق أن ( if ) أداة الشرط، يتبعها مضارع بسيط ، وجواب الشرط يكون مستقبل بسيط أوأحد هذه الكلمات: ( be going to / can / may / might / should / must / … )مضــــــارع بســـــــــيــط if مســــــتقــبــل بســــــــــيــط * I will help you if you like. * Wood might float if you put it in water. * I may go to the party if I feel better. * She won't be able to come if she is busy. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image087.jpg[/IMG]( Unless = If not ) * If you aren't careful, you will have an accident. * Unless you are careful, you will have an accident. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Thirteen (3) Second Conditional If مـــــاضــــى بســـــــــيــط , would + infinitive * If she won the medal, she would be pleased. * If I had time, I might visit her. * If she came early, she could meet me. * If he was ill, he would see a doctor. * ملحوظة هامة: نلاحظ مما سبق أنه من الممكن إستخدام ( could / might / would ) فى جملة جواب الشرط. would + infinitive if مـــــاضــــى بســـــــيــط [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image088.jpg[/IMG]* I would look the word up if I had a dictionary. * Would he be sad if he heard the news? * I might call him if I had his mobile number. * He could as for help if he saw any body there. * تعبر الحالة الشرطية الثانية عن حدث غير محتمل الوقوع، نظرا لانه حدث إفتراضى أو تخيلى. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image090.jpg[/IMG]( Unless = If not ) * If you didn't go out, I would visit you. * Unless you went out, I would visit you. *************************************** ( حالة التمنى أو النصيحة ) If were , would + infinitive * If I were you, I would do my best. * If I were a bird, I could fly. * If I were Ali, I would inform the police. * If she were a doctor, she could help you. would + infinitive if were * I wouldn't watch TV if I had exams. * I would save him if I were a diver. * We would phone you if you were late. * I would help the poor if I were rich. ***************************************** (4) Third Conditional: If ماضى تام , would have + p.p. * If he had been careful, he wouldn't have cut himself. * If you had studied hard, you wouldn't have failed the tests. * What would have happened if Nancy had traveled abroad? * If you had told me, I would have invited him. would have + p.p. if ماضى تام * I wouldn't have bought the car if I had not had much money. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Thirteen * We wouldn't have come to the party if he hadn't invited us formally. * She could have missed the train if she had got up late. * Aya might have cancelled the call if he had seen her number. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image092.jpg[/IMG]* تعبر الحالة الشرطية الثالثة عن حدث مستحيل وقوعه ، أو الندم والأسف على ما فات. ( Unless = If not ) * If you hadn't been careful, you would have fallen into the hole. * Unless you had been careful, you would have fallen into the hole. ************************** Omission of ( if ) * Should: ( Should + Sub. + Inf. ) * تحل هذه الصيغة محلها فى الحالتين الأولى والثانية: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image094.jpg[/IMG]* If it rains tomorrow, we'll stay at home. * Should it rain tomorrow, we'll stay at home. * If he attended the party, he would meet me. * Should he attend the party, he would meet me. * Were: ( Were + Sub. + Obj. ) OR ( Were + Sub. + to + inf. ) * تحل هذه محل الحالة الثانية: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image095.jpg[/IMG]* If he were a doctor, he could help her. * Were he a doctor, he could help her. * If he studied hard, he would succeed. * Were he to study hard, he would succeed. * Had: ( Had + Sub. + Obj. ) * تحل هذه الصيغة محل الحالة الثانية: * If he had a car, he would travel. * Had he a car, he would travel. * Had: ( Had + Sub. + P.P. ) * تحل هذه الصيغة محل الحالة الثالثة: * If he had bought a car, he would have traveled. * Had he bought a car, he would have traveled. * لاحظ التعبيرات الآتية المساوية لـ ( If ) فى الحالة الأولى:( Provided / Provided that / Providing / As long as / So long as / In the event that / In case of / On condition that ) * Tourists can enjoy the visit as long as the places are clean. * You can look at the eclipse provided that you wear protective glasses. * She will leave early in case of getting ready. * If he hadn't worked hard, he wouldn't have succeeded. * Without working hard, he wouldn't have succeeded. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Thirteen * If Shakespeare had not met his rich patron, he wouldn't have become famous. * Without Shakespeare's rich patron, he wouldn't have become famous. * If it weren't for the Nile, we would suffer floods. * Without the Nile, we would suffer. * But forthe computer, we would waste time. * Ifyou traveled early, you would arrive early. * In case oftraveling early, you would arrive early. * IfI were rich, I would buy a villa. * Were I rich, I would buy a villa. *********************************** [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image097.jpg[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Fourteen Prepositions (1) Prepositions after nouns: * What was the reason for the accident? * There has been an increase in the number of tourists going to Luxor. * Many people are worried about the problem of climate change. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image098.gif[/IMG]* The earthquake caused damage to many houses. * My uncle worked for the reform of education. * We never discovered the cause of the accident. * I don't understand the popularity of Rider Haggard's stories. * What is the answer to the problem of climate change? (2) Prepositions with adjectives: * He is brilliant/good/bad at writing exciting stories. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image099.gif[/IMG]* Shakespeare was most famous for his plays. * He was keen on writing, even as a boy. * I'd be interested in learning more about Rider Haggard. * I was angry/annoyed/disappointed with him for being late. * I'm proud of my brother – he has done so well at school. * My little brother is afraid/frightened/terrified of birds. * Are you worried/excited/happy about going to China? * I'm sorry about forgetting to phone you. * Football has always been popular with young boys. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image100.gif[/IMG] (3) Prepositions with verbs: * Where can I find out about climate change? * My brother is going to apply for a job at the university. * The explorers were looking for diamonds. * He helped in the reform of education. * Until I read King Solomon's Mines, I'd never heard of Rider Haggard. * I think that car belongs to one of our teachers. * He died of heart disease. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Fifteen Active & Passive * تختلف صيغة المبنــى للمجهــول حسب زمن الجملة كالآتـــى: (1) The Present Simple: زمن المضــارع البســـــيط [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image101.jpg[/IMG]( Object + am / is / are + p.p. ) * A farmer grows many crops in Egypt. ( Active ) Many crops are grown in Egypt. ( Passive ) * Engineers design houses to be warm in winter. ( Active ) Houses are designed to be warm in winter. ( Passive ) * The government sets up some new projects. ( Active ) Some new projects are set up. ( Passive ) (2) The Past Simple: زمن المــاضى البســــيط [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image102.jpg[/IMG]( Object + was / were + p.p. ) * Sally changed the bulb yesterday. ( Active ) The bulb was changed yesterday. ( Passive ) * A car hit Ramy last week. ( Active ) Ramy was hit last week. ( Passive ) * The workers made the irrigation canal. ( Active ) The irrigation canal was made. ( Passive ) (3) The Present Continuous: زمن المضــارع المســـتمر [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image104.jpg[/IMG]( Object + am / is / are + being + p.p. ) * Nourhan is doing the washing up now. ( Active ) The washing up is being done now. ( Passive ) * Amr is still changing the curtains. ( Active ) The curtains are still being changed. ( Passive ) * Farmers are planting wheat at the moment. ( Active ) Wheat is being planted at the moment. ( Passive ) (4) The Past Continuous: زمن المــاضى المســتمر [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image105.gif[/IMG] ( Object + was / were + being + p.p. ) * Mohammed was watching a football match on TV. ( Active ) A football match was being watched on TV. ( Passive ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Fifteen * They were holding a conference this morning. ( Active ) A conference was being held this morning. ( Passive ) * Toah was warning her brother about playing with matches. ( Active ) Toah's brother was being warned about playing with matches. ( Passive ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image106.jpg[/IMG](5) The Present Perfect: زمن المضــارع التـــام ( Object + has / have + been + p.p. ) * The plumber has fixed all the pipes. ( Active ) All the pipes have been fixed. ( Passive ) * He has already pumped up the tyres. ( Active ) The tyres have already been pumped up. ( Passive ) * The government has spent about 5 billion pounds on desert land. ( Active ) About 5 billion pounds have been spent on desert land. ( Passive ) (6) The Past Perfect: زمن المــاضى التـــام [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image108.jpg[/IMG]( Object + had + been + p.p. ) * Fady had switched off the TV. ( Active ) The TV has been switched off. ( Passive ) * They had gained a lot of money. ( Active ) A lot of money had been gained. ( Passive ) * We had swept the floor of the room. ( Active ) The floor of the room had been swept. ( Passive ) (7) The Future Simple: زمن المستقــبل البســـيط ( Object + will + be + p.p. ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image110.jpg[/IMG]* They will finish the project next year. ( Active ) The project will be finished next year. ( Passive ) * Tarneem will need to polish the furniture. ( Active ) The furniture will need to be polished. ( Passive ) * Father will buy a modern car next week. ( Active ) A modern car will be bought next week. ( Passive ) (8) The Near Future: زمن المستقــبل القريــب ( Object + am / is / are + going to + p.p. ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Fifteen * We are going to start work at seven. ( Active ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image111.jpg[/IMG] Work is going to be started at seven. ( Passive ) * They are going to meet Aya in the evening. ( Active ) Aya is going to be met in the evening. ( Passive ) * I'm going to install a swimming pool. ( Active ) A swimming pool is going to be installed. ( Passive ) (9) The Present Perfect Continuous: زمن المضــارع التــام المســتمر ( Object + has / have + been + p.p. ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image112.gif[/IMG]* The government has been developing Toshka Valley. ( Active ) Toshka Valley has been developed. ( Passive ) * They have been playing badminton since 4 o'clock. ( Active ) Badminton has been played since 4 o'clock. ( Passive ) * The farmers have been irrigating the land for 2 hours. ( Active ) The land has been irrigated for two hours. ( Passive ) (10) Modal Verbs: الأفعــال الناقصــة ( Object + modal verb + be + p.p. ) * Omnia may attend the conference. ( Active ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image113.jpg[/IMG] The conference may be attended. ( Passive ) * The painters should paint the walls of my flat. ( Active ) The walls of my flat should be painted. ( Passive ) * Children can do many hobbies in spare time. ( Active ) Many hobbies can be done in spare time. ( Passive ) ******************************* Passive Expressions starting with ( It … ) ( It is/was + said/believed/known/thought + that جملة كاملة ) * We know that people have lived in the desert for thousands of years. It is known that people have lived in the desert for thousands of years. * People say that the building of the Temple of Edfu was started in 237 BC. It is said that the building of the Temple of Edfu was started in 237 BC. * We believe that wolves and foxes were hunted in Sinai 3,000 years ago. It is believed that wolves and foxes were hunted in Sinai 3,000 years ago. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Fifteen ( think / allege / mention / decide / report / announce / assume / expect / understand / declare / claim / hope / acknowledge / inform / intend / agree ) [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image114.gif[/IMG]* People believed that he was ambitious. It was believed that he was ambitious. He was believed to be/have been ambitious. ****************************************** ملاحظـــات عامـــة على القاعـــدة * I had a letter yesterday. * A letter was received yesterday. * I have a bath every morning. * A bath is taken every morning. * They let him join the club. * He was allowed to join the club. * He let people insult him. * He let himself be insulted. * The police made the tourist pay a fine. * The tourist was made to pay a fine. * He gave me a present. * A present was given to me. * He found me a seat. * A seat was found for me. ( give / lend / offer / sell / bring / take / read / write / send / show / pass / buy / teach / make / ..etc. ) ( clean / demolish / install / fix / cut / repair / polish / .. etc. ) * We need to cut these trees. * These trees need ( to be cut / cutting ). * He needs to demolish this old house. * This old house needs to be demolished. * Don't take photos in museums. * Photos mustn't be taken in museums. * It is necessary to wash vegetables. * Vegetables must be washed. * It is impossible to replace the brain. * The brain can't be replaced. * It is advisable to make a study plan. * A study plan should be made. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Sixteen (1) Obligation and Necessity: (1) Present: ( must / have to / has to ) + infinitive * It is raining heavily. I must/have to take my umbrella. * He has to/must study well before exams. * Do you have to do your homework? - Yes, I do. – No, I don't. * Must I obey my teachers' rules? - Yes, you must. – No, you mustn't. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image115.jpg[/IMG]* It is necessary for you to leave the camera here. ( have to/must ) * You have to/must leave the camera here. * You are obliged to pay the fine. ( have to/must ) * You have to/must pay the fine. (2) Past: ( had to ) + infinitive * I had to take a taxi as I was late. * She had to stay up late to finish her work. * Did you have to meet the manager in person? - Yes, I did. – No, I didn't. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image117.gif[/IMG]* It was necessary for me to apologize. ( had to ) * I had to apologize. * I was obliged to buy the goods at a high price. ( had to ) * I had to buy the goods at a high price. (3) Future: ( will have to ) + infinitive * We will have to invade the desert to solve the problem of over-population. * The car is broken. They will have to find a mechanic. * Will you have to prepare for the exam? - Yes, I will. – No, I won't. * Will it be necessary for her to attend the meeting? ( have to ) * Will she have to attend the meeting? ************************************* (2) Lack of Necessity: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image119.gif[/IMG] (1) Present: ( don't have to / doesn't have to / needn't ) + infinitive * We don't have to work on Friday. It is a holiday. * Maha doesn't have to wear a hat. The sun isn't shining brightly. * She needn't wear an overcoat. It isn't raining. * They needn't buy shirts. They still have new ones. * It is unnecessary for them to meet the guests. ( needn't/have to ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Sixteen * They needn't meet the guests. They don't have to meet the guests. (2) Past: ( didn't have to + infinitive ) / ( needn't have + p.p. ) * She didn't have to go to a restaurant. She had lunch at home. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image120.gif[/IMG]* They didn't have rent a flat. They had a villa. * It was unnecessary for us to ask for help. ( needn't/have to ) * We needn't have asked for help. We didn't have to ask for help. (3) Future: ( won't have to + infinitive ) * Friday is the first of May. Workers won't have to go to work. * I won't have to tell Nada the time. She knows it well. * Maram won't have to recharge her credit. She has just recharged it. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image121.gif[/IMG]* It will be unnecessary for Nouran to buy new dresses. ( have to ) * Nouran won't have to buy new dresses. ****************************************** (3) Prohibition: ( mustn't + infinitive ) * You mustn't smoke at a petrol station. * You mustn't shout in hospitals. * You mustn't take photographs here. ( allowed/forbidden/banned/against the law ) * You aren't allowed to take photographs here. * It is forbidden / banned / prohibited / prevented / not permitted / against the law to take photographs here. ****************************************** (4) Giving advice: ( should / had better / If I were you, I'd .. ) + inf. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image122.gif[/IMG]* You should do your best at school. ( If … ) * If I were you, I would do my best at school. * You had better study your lessons regularly. ( should ) * You shouldn't drink too much fizzy water. ***************************************** * I must be careful on the ladder. (تعبر عن مشاعر شخصية أو واجب شخصى تجاه موقف ) * I have to borrow some money. ( تعبر عن اضطرار أو واقع حتمى ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Seventeen Infinitive Passive [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image123.gif[/IMG]( Object + modal verb + be + p.p. ) * Omnia may attend the conference. ( Active ) The conference may be attended. ( Passive ) * The painters should paint the walls of my flat. ( Active ) The walls of my flat should be painted. ( Passive ) * Children can do many hobbies in spare time. ( Active ) Many hobbies can be done in spare time. ( Passive ) * لاحظ أيضا هذه الأمثلة: * He went to university where he trained as a chemist. He went to university to be trained as a chemist. * After they had released him from prison, she sold his car. Having been released from prison, she sold his car. *********************************** [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image124.gif[/IMG] [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image126.jpg[/IMG] Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary From theory to practice Unit Eighteen Ability, Possibility & Permission (1) Ability: * يختلف التعبير عن القدرة أو الإمكانية حسب الزمن كالآتى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image127.jpg[/IMG](a) Present: ( Can / am-is-are able to + infinitive ) * I can climb a mountain. I am able to climb a mountain. * Sally can't do the housework. Sally isn't able to do the housework. * Can you climb a mountain? - Yes, I can. – No, I can't. * Are you able to solve the problem? - Yes, I am. – No, I am not. (b) Past: ( Could / was-were + infinitive ) * She could come to the party on time. She was able to come to the party on time. * Amr couldn't attend the symposium. Amr wasn't able to attend the symposium. * Could she ride a bike two years ago? - Yes, she could. – No, she couldn't. * Was she able to cook meals? - Yes, she was. – No, she wasn't. * Were they able to fly a plane? - Yes, they were. – No, they weren't. ********************************* (2) Possibility:* يتم التعبير عن الإمكانية فى الوقت الحاضر والمستقبل كالآتى: [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image128.jpg[/IMG]* It is possible to ski on the hills. You can ski on the hills. * It was possible to go to the cinema. You could go to the cinema. * It impossible to buy this expensive villa. You can't buy this expensive villa. * It was impossible to meet him in person. We couldn't meet him in person. ********************************* (3) Permission: * It is permitted to drive at the age of seventeen. You can drive at the age of seventeen. * It is prohibited to park near this building. You can't park near this building. * May I use your mobile phone, please? * Could I try on this jacket, please? * In the past, people were allowed to drive without passing a driving test. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image129.jpg[/IMG] In the past, people could drive without passing a driving test. * It was prohibited to have two telephone lines at home. You couldn't have two telephone lines at home. ********************************* Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar ( بعض القواعد والتراكيب اللغوية التى سبق دراستها الأعوام السابقة ولم ترد فى منهج هذا العام ) ( Infinitive & Gerund ) (1) Verbs + to + infinitive: Meaning Meaning Meaning Verb يعرض / يقدم Offer يخطط Plan يزعم / يدعى Claim يمكن Enable يحاول Try يتظاهر / يدعى Pretend ينسى Forget يوافق Agree يظهر Appear يريد Want يتعلم Learn يبدو Seem يتوقع Expect يوعد Promise يقرر Decide يأمل Hope يسمح Allow يرفض Refuse ينصح Advise يعلم / يدرس Teach يهدد Threaten يتمنى Wish يحاول Attempt يرتب Arrange ينوى Intend يستحق Deserve يفضل 'd prefer يخطط Plan يدبر / ينجح Manage يجرؤ Dare * He agreed to help me with my work. * Soha wants to be a doctor. * Sorry. I forgot to post the letter. * We arranged to travel in three days. * He threatened to punish her fiercely. * Leila intends to spend the holiday here. ************************************************** (2) Verbs + Gerund ( v + ing ): Meaning Meaning Meaning Verb يفتقد / يفوت Miss يخاطر / يجازف Risk يستمتع بـ Enjoy يكره Dislike يرشح / يوصى بـ Recommend يتجنب Avoid لا يستطيع أن يمنع نفسه Can't help يفضل Prefer ينكر Deny لا يطيق Can't stand يتخيل Imagine يؤجل Delay يقضى Spend يتخيل Fancy ينهى Finish يمانع Mind يتدرب / يمارس Practise يكره Hate يندم على Regret يواصل Keep يتوقف عن Stop يستلزم Involve يذهب لأداء Go يقبل / يعترف بـ Admit يحب Love يحب Like يمنع Prevent يؤجل Postpone يأتى لأداء Come يقترح Suggest Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar * They enjoyed dancing at the party. * We suggest visiting our friends. * I regret wasting my time uselessly. * I can't help falling in love with her. * Do you mind collecting Nada? * Stop making such a noise. ************************************************** (3) Verbs + ( infinitive or Gerund ): Meaning Meaning Meaning Verb يفضل Prefer يواصل Continue يبدأ Begin يحب Love يحب Like يبدأ Start يكره Hate * It started to rain. It started raining. * We like to swim. We like swimming. * I prefer to leave now. I prefer leaving now. * She continued to study/studying. ( would like / would prefer / would hate / would love ) + to + infinitive. * ملحوظة هامة: هناك تعبيرات يتبعها أيضا مصدر الفعل مثل: ( It's time / We're sorry / It's easy / .. ) + to + infinitive. ( It's no use/It's no good/Feel like/Be used to/Look forward to/ .. ) + Gerund. * It is no use crying over spilt milk. * I look forward to meeting Amira. ************************************************** [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image130.jpg[/IMG] Beyond in English! Your best way to excel! Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar Reported Speech ( Direct & Indirect Speech ) * الكلام الغير مباشر ( المنقول ): هو الكلام الذى يأتى على لسان شخص آخر غير المتحدث الأصلى ولا يوضع بين علامات تنصيص. أنواع الكلام المباشر: (1) الجمــل الخبريــة. (2) الجمل الأمريــة والطلــبات. (3) الأسئلــة ( نوعان ). (1) Statements:الجمـل الخبريـة * خطوات تحويل الجملة الخبرية من الكلام المباشر إلى الكلام الغير مباشر:(1) نغير كلمة القول حسب زمن الجملة كالتالى: say ………. say says ………. says said ………. said say to ………. tell says to …..…. tells said to ………. told (3) تتغير الضمائر حسب المتكلم والمخاطب. (4) يتغير زمن الجملة داخل القوس حسب فعل القول خارج الأقواس. ملحوظـــة هامـــة: لا يتم تغيير الزمن داخل الأقواس إذا كان فعل القول مضـارع بسيــط. * Ola says to me, "I will send the letter." ( Direct ) Ola tells me that she will send the letter. ( Indirect ) Reported Speech Direct Speech Past Simple Present Simple Past Continuous Present Continuous Past Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Simple Modal Verbs: ( Could / Would / Might / Should / Had to ) + infinitive Modal Verbs: ( Can / Will / May / Shall / Must ) + infinitive * Nourhan says to Aya, "I do my homework in the evening." ( Direct ) Nourhan tells Aya that she does her homework in the evening. ( Indirect ) * Reem said to Rowan, "I revised all my lessons." ( Direct ) Reem told Rowan that she had revised all her lessons. ( Indirect ) * Alyaa said to Remas, "I'm watching TV now." ( Direct ) Alyaa told Remas that she was watching TV then. ( Indirect ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar * Omnia said, "I will study the story by myself." ( Direct ) Omnia said that she would study the story by herself. ( Indirect ) Indirect Speech Direct Speech then now that day today that night tonight the next day tomorrow the day before yesterday the following week next week the year before last year before ago that this those these there here so thus * Amira said to Samar, "I must do my homework now." ( Direct ) Amira told Samar that she had to do her homework then. ( Indirect ) * Rania said to Meran, "I visited this place three days ago." ( Direct ) Rania told Meran that she had visited that place three days before. ( Indirect ) * Israa said to me, "I have phoned you." ( Direct ) Israa told me that she had phoned me. ( Indirect ) * Menna said to Alaa, "You have to tidy your room tonight." ( Direct ) Menna told Alaa that she ( Alaa ) had to tidy her room that night. ( Indirect ) * Yara says to Mayar, "I learn many subjects at school this year." ( Direct ) Yara tells Mayar that she learns many subjects at school that year. ( Indirect ) * Tasneem said to Rowayda, "My father was born in 1961." ( Direct ) Tasneem told Rowayda that her father was born in 1961. ( Indirect ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar (2) Questions: الأســــئلة * هناك نوعان من الأسئلة: (1) أسئلة تبدأ بفعل مساعد بمعنى ( هل ). (2) أسئلة تبدأ بكلمة إستفهام. (A) Yes / No Questions: * خطوات تحويل السؤال ( بمعنى هل ) إلى الغير مباشر: (1) يحول فعل القول حسب زمن السؤال. say to …….... ask / want to know says to ………. asks / wants to know said to ……….. asked / wanted to know (3) ترتب الجملة من جديد بشكل خبرى: ( فاعل + فعل + ... ) (4) تحول الضمائر والأزمنة كما هو الحال فى الجملة الخبرية. * Noha said to Basma, "Are you sixteen years old this year?" ( Direct ) Noha asked Basma if/whether she was sixteen years old that year. ( Indirect ) * Amira said to Nourhan, "Do you go to the library on Fridays?" ( Direct ) Amira asked Nourhan if she went to the library on Fridays. ( Indirect ) * Aya said to Reem, "Will you visit the country this summer?" ( Direct ) Aya asked Reem if she would visit the country that summer. ( Indirect ) * Rowan asked Menna, "Did you do the washing up yesterday?" ( Direct ) Rowan asked Mnna if she had done the washing up the day before. ( Indirect ) * Merna says to Maysara, "Can you do these puzzles?" ( Direct ) Merna asks Maysara if she can do these puzzles. ( Indirect ) * Ahmed said to Hany, "Are you going to travel tomorrow?" ( Direct ) Ahmed asked Hany if she was going to travel the following day. ( Indirect ) * Dina said to Omar, "Have you ever been to Port Said?" ( Indirect ) Dina asked Omar if she had ever been to Port Said. ( Indirect ) * Mahmoud said to Nader, "Is this your notebook?" ( Direct ) Mahmoud asked Nader if that was his book. ( Indirect ) (B) Wh- Questions: (1) يحول فعل القول حسب زمن السؤال. say to …….... ask / want to know says to ………. asks / wants to know said to ……….. asked / wanted to know Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar (4) تحول الضمائر والأزمنة كما هو الحال فى الجمل الخبرية. * Bakinam said to Samar, "When do you go to school?" ( Direct ) Bakinam asked Samar when she went to school. ( Indirect ) * Taghreed said to Israa, "How much sugar do you want?" ( Direct ) Taghreed asked Israa how much sugar she wanted. ( Indirect ) * Sara says to Nada, "Where are you going to spend the weekend?" ( Direct ) Sara asks Nada where she is going to spend the weekend. ( Indirect ) * Ahmed said to Mustafa, "How did you go to Benha last month?" ( Direct ) Ahmed asked Mustafa how he had gone to Benha the month before. ( Indirect ) * Amr said to Tarek, "Why have you sold your old car?" ( Direct ) Amr asked Tarek why he had sold his old car. ( Indirect ) * Ahmed said to Ayman, "How many boxes can you carry?" ( Direct ) Ahmed asked Ayman how many boxes he could carry. ( Indirect ) * Jihan asked Shrouk, "What kinds of things will you buy here?" ( Direct ) Jihan asked Shrouk what kinds of things she would buy there. ( Indirect ) * Amr asked Menna, "What time did you return home yesterday?" ( Direct ) Amr asked Menna what time she had returned home the day before. ( Indirect ) * Fatma said to Aisha, "What must you do before exams?" ( Direct ) Fatma asked Aisha what she had to do before exams. ( Indirect ) * Islam said to Gehad, " Whose books are these?" ( Direct ) Islam asked Gehad whose books those were. * Sohaila said to Nour, "What shall I do to get the full marks?" ( Direct ) Sohaila asked Nour What she should do to get the full marks. ( Indirect ) (C) Instructions & Requests: التعليمــات والطلبــات * خطوات تحويل جملة الطلب إلى الغير مباشر:(1) نغير كلمة القول حسب زمن الجملة. say to …………. ask / order / tell says to …………… asks / orders / tells said to ……………. asked / ordered / told * My dad says to me, "Study your lessons regularly." ( Direct ) My dad orders me to study my lessons regularly. ( Indirect ) Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar * My uncle said to me, "Bring me a stamp, please." ( Direct ) My uncle asked me to bring him a stamp. ( Indirect ) * Mother said to me, "Don't stay up late, Rana." ( Direct ) Mother told Rana not to stay up late. ( Indirect ) * My elder brother said to me, "Don't leave the TV turned on." ( Direct ) My elder brother asked me not to leave the TV turned on. ( Indirect ) ******************************************* ************************* Modals of possibility * يختلف إستخدام الأفعال الناقصة للتعبير عن الإستنتاج حسب درجة التأكــد كالآتى: (1) Present: ( Must be / can't be / may be / might be ) + infinitive * Must be: تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج قوى ومنطقى مثبت فى المضارع. * He must be English. He is so fluent in speaking. [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image131.gif[/IMG]* He is definitely English. He is so fluent in speaking. * She is wearing expensive clothes. She must be rich. * Can' t be: تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج قوى ومنطقى سلبا فى المضارع. * He can't be Egyptian. He doesn't speak Arabic. * He is definitely not Egyptian. He doesn't speak Arabic. * He is driving an expensive car. He can't be poor. * May be: تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج غير مؤكد وغير محتمل الحدوث فى المضارع. * Sara is not here today. She may be ill. It is probable. * I can't find my book. It may be in the drawer. * Might be: .تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج جائز حدوثه فى المضارع ولكنه ضعيف جدا * This is a foreign tourist. He might be French. It is possible. * Alyaa is not at home. She might be at the shops. I don't know exactly. ************************************* (2) Past: ( Must have / Can't have / May have / Might have ) + p.p. * Must have + p.p.: تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج قوى ومنطقى مثبت فى الماضى * I'm frightened of snakes. A snake must have frightened me when I was a child. * Ali came to the party. Emad must have invited him. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Additional Grammar * Can't have + p.p.: تستخدم للتعبير عن قوى ومنطقى سلبا فى الماضى. * It is only 4 o'clock. The match can't have finished already. * I attended the seminar. Merna can't have attended it. I didn't see her. * May have + p.p.: تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج غير مؤكد وغير محتمل الحدوث فى الماضى. * I can't find my mobile phone. I may have forgotten it at home. * Israa visited me but I wasn't at home. My sister may have received her then. * Might have + p.p.: تستخدم للتعبير عن إستنتاج جائز حدوثه فى الماضى ولكنه ضعيف جدا. * Azza wasn't at school yesterday. She might have had a doctor's appointment. * Ali didn't study well yesterday. He might have done well in the exams. ****************************************** ********************** [IMG]file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/A&R/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image133.gif[/IMG] Mr. Amr wishes you all the best of luck! |
مذكرة اسئلة جرامر ممتازة
Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One
1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- It often ………………… in England. a) snow b) snows c) snowing d) snowed 2- How often ………………… it rain in the Western Desert? a) had b) does c) do d) has 3- I usually go to school by bus, but I …………………… take a taxi. a) always b) sometimes c) often d) regularly 4- I …………………… TV for two hours every day. a) watch b) watches c) watching d) watched 5- What do you ……………………… at school? a) studies b) study c) studying d) studied 6- How often ………………………. to the dentist's? a) do you go b) does you go c) were you going d) you go 7- I ………………………. my dinner every night at eight o'clock. a) ate b) eat c) eaten d) eating 8- Lazy boys usually ……………………….. their examination. a) fail b) fails c) failed d) failing 9- Salma sometimes ……………………….. games with her friends. a) plays b) play c) played d) playing 10- Donia often ……………………. the summer in Alex. a) spend b) spends c) is spending d) spent 11- He ……………………….. walk to work every day. a) didn't b) don't c) doesn't d) isn't 12- The moon …………………… around the sun. a) move b) moves c) moving d) is moving 13- ……………………….. you visit your aunt every day? a) Do b) Does c) Did d) Doing 14- ……………………….. do you go to the school library? - Twice a week. a) How many b) How long c) How old d) How often 15- Merna ……………………… her favourite magazine every month. a) buy b) buys c) bought d) buying 16- Aya and Niveen ……………………… to school on foot. a) go usually b) usually go c) are usually d) usually going 17- What do you ………………………. by that? a) mean b) means c) meaning d) meant 18- English ………………………… an international language. a) are b) do c) does d) is 19- The sun ……………………… in the morning. a) rise b) rises c) rising d) rose 20- They ……………………… exercises at the club on Fridays. a) do b) does c) did d) doing 21- Policemen usually ………………………. careless drivers. a) fine b) fines c) fining d) found 22- The report ………………………. with his left hand. a) is written b) is writing c) wrote d) written 23- The meeting ……………………… every three weeks. a) hold b) is holding c) is held d) held 24- The guests …………………….. at the airport by the company's representatives. a) receive b) are receiving c) are received d) receives 25- Our furniture ……………………… in Damietta. a) is made b) are made c) are making d) is making 26- He ……………………… off his horse last Monday. a) falls b) fall c) fell d) fallen 27- We ……………………... at the cinema a week ago. a) meet b) met c) meeting d) are meeting 28- When I was on holiday, I ……………………….. football every day. a) play b) plays c) playing d) played 29- I ……………………….. hungry, so I ate some bread and cheese. a) am b) was c) have been d) has given 30- He …………………….. her a present when she left. a) gave b) give c) gives d) giving 31- How many pens ………………………. he buy last night? Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One a) do b) was c) did d) were 32- We ………………………… at the party last night. a) wasn't b) didn't c) weren't d) don't 33- He ……………………….. at this school from 2004 to 2007. a) work b) worked c) working d) works 34- Naguib Mahfouz …………………………. in 1911. a) was born b) has borne c) bore d) were born 35- Dr. El-Baz ………………………. astronauts how to collect lunar soil. a) teach b) taught c) teaching d) have taught 36- When we were in Aswan, we …………………………. the High Dam. a) visit b) visits c) visited d) has visited 37- I ……………………….. hear the doorbell as I was sitting in the garden. a) wasn't b) didn't c) don't d) weren't 38- What did you …………………………. to do when you were young? a) use b) used c) using d) uses 39- Nabawiya Mousa ………………………… other women to succeed in education. a) help b) helps c) helped d) helping 40- He was pleased because he ………………………. the first prize. a) win b) won c) winning d) wins 41- William Shakespeare ………………………… many plays for the theatre. a) wrote b) write c) writing d) writes 42- It was so hot that she ……………………….. on her heavy clothes. a) put b) puts c) putting d) is putting 43- It ………………………… a silly joke, so nobody laughed. a) did b) was c) were d) is 44- I ……………………….. him the money this morning. a) give b) gave c) gives d) giving 45- We always …………………………. on hot days last summer. a) relax b) relaxed c) relaxing d) relaxation 46- I waited for him for half an hour but he never …………………………... . a) shows b) show c) showed d) showing 47- She used to ………………………… with her little brother four years ago. a) fight b) fought c) fighting d) has fought 48- Professor Zewail ………………………… the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. a) award b) awarded c) was awarded d) awarding 49- She ……………………… great progress when she was at school. a) makes b) making c) made d) make 50- She once ……………………….. in a restaurant. a) work b) works c) worked d) working 51- Samy was playing tennis when he …………………………. down. a) fall b) fell c) fallen d) falling 52- ………………………… her flight, Amany was nervous. a) During b) When c) While d) As 53- While I ……………………….. my bicycle, Heba was having a walk. a) riding b) was riding c) rode d) am riding 54- Nada entered …………………………. I was making a telephone call. a) during b) when c) while d) whose 55- ………………………….. our trip to Aswan, we saw some wonderful views. a) When b) During c) While d) As 56- Reham …………………………. the flat while her sister was washing up. a) cleaning b) was clean c) was cleaning d) cleaned 57- Haidy arrived while ……………………………. my dinner. a) having b) was having c) had d) have 58- While I was watching the daily ******, the light ……………………….. out. a) go b) went c) going d) was going 59- We had an accident while …………………………. Fady how to drive. a) teach b) taught c) teaching d) was teaching 60- …………………………. locking the window, I saw two boys fighting. a) On b) When c) As d) Just as 61- Just as the player ……………………………. the ball, he hurt himself. a) kicked b) was kicking c) kick d) kicks 62- Ramy ………………………….. the newspaper while his sister was listening to music. a) is reading b) was reading c) reading d) reads Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One 63- Samar was painting …………………………… she spilt paint on the floor. a) while b) on c) just as d) when 64- Adham ………………………….. in the street when a pot fell on his head. a) walked b) was walking c) walks d) walk 65- I didn't hear the doorbell as I …………………………….. in the garden. a) sat b) sitting c) was sitting d) had sat 66- While I ……………………………. football, I fell down. a) played b) playing c) was playing d) play 67-She …………………………. her lessons while her family was watching the film. a) studying b) was studied c) studies d) was studying 68- I saw the accident while ………………………….. home. a) was driving b) drove c) driving d) had driven 69- As he ………………………….., she burnt herself. a) cooked b) was cooking c) cooking d) has cooked 70- When my father came home, we ………………………….. a lot of noise. a) make b) are making c) have made d) were making 71- He saw his friend while ……………………………. down the street. a) was walking b) walking c) walked d) had walked 72- I ……………………………. my bag while I was running to catch the train. a) had lost b) lost c) was losing d) have lost 73- When I was on holiday, I ………………………….. in the sea every day. a) swam b) was swimming c) has swum d) have swum 74- I didn't hear the phone because I ……………………………. a shower. a) was having b) had c) having d) am having 75- She arrived at the station after the train ……………………….. . a) left b) was left c) had left d) leaving 76- When the actress had come into the hall, everyone ………………………. cheering. a) started b) start c) starts d) starting 77- They didn't leave the shop ………………………….. they had paid the bill. a) after b) before c) when d) until 78- When we went back to look for the fox, it …………………………… . a) disappear b) disappeared c) disappearing d) disappears 79- After ……………………… my clothes on, I went out. a) had put b) putting c) put d) puts 80- ……………………………. had her dinner, she washed the dishes. a) Having b) Have c) Had d) Has 81- He ……………………….. abroad until he had graduated. a) doesn't travel b) didn't travel c) hadn't traveled d) isn't traveling 82- Before ………………………….. on the machine, he had read the instructions. a) switch b) switches c) switching d) switched 83- He phoned me as soon as he …………………………... the news. a) has told b) had been told c) tells d) told 84- ………………………… reading the story, I gave it to Sama. a) Because b) When c) After d) Till 85- By 2012, Rania …………………………… to Cairo. a) had left b) left c) leaving d) was leaving 86- Having …………………………….. his mobile, Samir told his father. a) found b) find c) finding d) finds 87- After Mai had received Hala's e-mail, she ………………………. her reply. a) had sent b) sent c) sending d) send 88- After Hassan …………………………. a wallet, he handed it to a policeman. a) has found b) had found c) finding d) found 895- Before ………………………… the office, he had switched off the lights. a) leaving b) had left c) leaves d) left 90- After he …………………………. the sad news, he began to cry. a) has learned b) learned c) learning d) learns 91- The crowd ………………………… the stadium after the game had ended. a) had left b) left c) would leave d) was leaving 92- We ……………………….. our dinner before we went for a walk. a) had had b) have had c) will have d) having 93- After he had told the story, the children ………………………….. their hands. a) would clap b) clapped c) had clapped d) clap 94- He had gone to bed when he ………………………….. a knock at the door. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One a) had heard b) heard c) hearing d) hears 95- The lesson had begun before I ……………………………. the room. a) had entered b) entered c) entering d) enters 96- Before she bought the dress, she ………………………….. to different shops. a) went b) going c) had gone d) has gone 97- They won the match after they ………………………… well. a) had practiced b) practiced c) practicing d) practices 98- She …………………………… TV until she had done the housework. a) watched b) didn't watch c) watches d) watching 99- As soon as my father had arrived home, we …………………………….. our lunch. a) have b) had c) having d) had had 100- By the time the doctor …………………………., the man had died. a) arrive b) arrives c) arriving d) arrived 101- He went home after ……………………………. his work. a) finish b) finishing c) finishes d) finished 102- ……………………………. done my homework, I slept. a) After b) Having c) Before d) Until 103- Before …………………………….. Samira, I had phoned her. a) visit b) visiting c) visited d) visits 104- He didn't buy the car ……………………………….. he had saved a sum of money. a) before b) by the time c) until d) while 105- No sooner ………………………… finished cooking than we ate. a) mum had b) had mum c) has mum d) did mum 106- Hardly had she graduated ……………………………. she got a good job. a) while b) until c) when d) before 107- Ramy had scarcely eaten lunch …………………………… he slept. a) when b) than c) until d) after 108- She .................... a magazine when somebody knocked at the door. a) read b) reads c) was reading d) hard read 109- I said "Hello" to my uncle, but he couldn't hear me because he...................to the radio. a) has listened b) was listening c) is listening d) would listen 110- A criminal....................the guard of the bank last night. a) killed b) had killed c) has killed d) was killed 111- I always ...................... in the street when I was young. a) play b) plays c) played d) playing 112- They........................ to learn English four years ago. a) begin b) began c) have begun d) beginning 113- As the thief ................... into the bus, the police caught him. a) got b) was getting c) getting d) has got 114- At the time my father arrived, we.........................chess. a) played b) were played c) were playing d) had played 115- I.......................... a bath when the phone rang. a) had b) have had c) have d) was having 116- When I got to the car, I realized that I..........................my key. a) am losing b) would lose c) had lost d) was losing 117- While............................in the street, I ran into an old friend. a) walk b) walking c) was walking d) walked 117- When I was young I ......................eat a lot of chocolates. a) using to b) using c) used to d) had used to 118- I enjoy my hobbies in my ...........................time. a) measure b) pleasure c) spare d) treasure 119- Years ago in Africa cowries shell.............................. money. a) presented b) printed c) represented d) resented 120- When I saw Ahmed, he....................... tennis. a) is playing b) was playing c) played d) playing 121- You must take your umbrella. It .................... outside. a) is raining b) rains c) rained d) should have rained 122- Could you be quieter. I ........................ to concentrate. a) try b) am trying c) have tried d) had tried 123- Rice ........................ in Britain. a) don't grow b) hadn't grown c) shouldn’t grow d) doesn't grow 124- The River Nile ........................ into the Mediterranean. a) flows b) will flow c) has flown d) may flow Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One 125- An interpreter ......................... from one language into another. a) has translated b) will be translating c) translates d) might have translated 126- Climbers often ....................... ropes. a) to carry b) carries c) carry d) will carry 127- Thieves ............................ at night. a) usually work b) work usually c) working usually d) usually working 128- She always ...................... from me and never remembers to pay me back. a) borrowing b) borrow c) borrowed d) borrows 129- I haven't seen Mr. James .......................... . a) long time b) recently c) sometimes d) lately 130- It .................. very cold lately, but it just beginning to get warmer. a) was b) has been c) is d) had been 131- We have been living in Tanta .............. we returned from Saudi Arabia a) since b) for c) ago d) when 132- They ................. this school for two years now. a) have been built b) have been building c) is building d) will be built 133- You are here. Where have you.........................? a) went b) gone c) are d) been 134- He is away, I don't know where he............ a) was gone b) has gone to c) has been to d) is going 135- So far, I ... .......... her to letters. a) sent b) have sent c) had sent d) is sent 136- Have you ever...................... to the pyramids? a) visited b) been visited c) been d) been visiting 137- He has worked as a taxi driver................. 5 years. a) since b) for c) ago d) to 138- He ...........twice since yesterday. a) phoned b) has been phoning c) has phoned d) is phoning 139- The Egyptian team has been to Holland for along time. Now they .......................... a) are in Holland b) are in Egypt c) left Egypt d) left Holland 140- How many times ......... him since you returned home? a) did you phone b) had you phoned c) are you phoning d) have you phoned 141- I have bought a new computer............. a) later b) recently c) scarcely d) yet 142- What has happened to her ...................... this afternoon? a) since b) for c) from d) in 143- You are here. Where have you .............................? a) went b) gone c) are d) been 144- He is away, I don't know where he ........................ a) was gone b) has gone to c) has been to d) went 145- Have you ever .......................... to the pyramids? a) visited b) been visited c) been d) seen 146- I haven't worn that coat ..................... years. a) ago b) since c) for d) from 147- Have you ever ........................ the pyramids? a) visited b) been visited c) been d) been visiting 148- Computers ..................... for education. a) can use b) will use c) can be used d) of use 149- I ....................... my pen since yesterday. a) didn't use b) haven't used c) don't use d) hadn't used 150- Nothing interesting ..................... since I last saw him. a- happened b- had happened c- has happened d- happens 151- Where..... since the bell rang ? a- were you b- have you been c- had you been d- will you be 152- Many railway lines.... built in this country since 1910. a- were b- have been c- had been d- are being 153- We ..........each other since we were at school together. a- know b- knew c- have known d- had known 154- I have lived in this house since I......... a child. a- had been b- am c- will be d- was 155- They have been in London since they........... a- had married b- married c- would marry d- marry 156- He ......... in this factory since 1992. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One a- has been working b- had worked c- is working d- works 157- How many times........since he came to Cairo? a- did he call b- has he called c- does he call d- had he called 158- I ...................... hard since I was twenty. a- work b- had worked c- have been working d- am working 159- I have heard a lot since I .................... coming to this school. a- have started b- started c- start d- had started 160- That servant ..................... for me for two years now. a- has worked b- has been working c-worked d- is working 161- We ...................... to solve the problem for 2 hours now. a- tried b- have tried c- have been trying d- are trying 162- I think he is the nicest person I ...................... . a- had met b- have met c- met d- am meeting 163- I ...................... to drive for a month and I'm still learning it. a- have learned b- have been learning c- had been learning d- learned 164- The child ...................... for ten hours now. a- slept b- is sleeping c- has slept d- has been sleeping 165- I ..................... military service for two years. This is my last month. a- was doing b- have been doing c- have done d- am doing 166- I........ that book for a month but I haven't finished yet. a- have read b- have been reading c- read d- had been reading 167- Have they gone to bed .....................? a- still b- already c- yet d- just 168- The train has ....................... left the station a- already b- yet c- still d- ever 169- Haven't you said good night ..........................? a- already b- just c- yet d-still 170- She has ........................... cleaned the room. a- already b- yet c- still d- till 171- I can't answer your question. I ..................... about it yet. a- didn't think b- don't think c- haven't thought d- hadn't thought 172- He has been absent from school.................... a week. a- since b- for c- ago d- during 173- What has happened to him..................... this morning? a- since b- for c- ago d- when 174- I haven't been to work ........................ the last two weeks. a- for b-since c- ago d- when 175- He has been ill....................... yesterday a- since b- for c- ago d- when 176- It hasn't rained in this country...................... five months. a- ago b- since c- for d- while 177- The gardener hasn't put water on the garden .................. a long time. a- since b- ago c- for d- still 178- My father has gone out .................... 2 o'clock. a- for b- since c- ago d- when 179- ....................... people should work in their 70s or 80s? a) Are you thinking b) You are thinking c) Do you thinking d) Do you think 180- She's ....................... her hair at the moment. a) delaying b) dying c) dyeing d) paying 181- I first .................. my best friend 2 years ago. a) meet b) have met c) met d) meeting 182- What ................. at 3 o'clock yesterday? a) were you done b) you were doing c) do you do d) were you doing 183- I enjoy playing football. I ...................... it every week. a) play b) am playing c) plays d) played 184- At the moment they are ........................ in a very small flat. a) am living b) are lived c) living d) had lived 185- Throughout ages, man ........................... his environment unwisely. a) has used b) had used c) is using d) used 186- Up to now, they have not decided how to spend the weekend ....................... . a) already b) since c) yet d) never 187- Look! The children ...................... with matches. a) are played b) are play c) are playing d) plays Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- They eats fish every week. 2- My father usually drink milk in the morning. 3- Aya always is late. 4- Where is he come from? 5- Does your father has a car? 6- He is making research now. 7- Don't do this mistake again. 8- My father works indoor. 9- What's the reason of your failure? 10- What's the cause to this problem? 11- They did new heart parts from human cells. 12- A lawyer speaks to you in a court. 13- A civil servant designs this bridge. 14- I applied to a new job last week. 15- What was you doing when Ali came? 16- I was reporting in that story. 17- He decided on become a heart surgeon. 18- He is playing computer games yesterday. 19- I used to wearing a gallabeya. 20- I am used to ride a horse. 21- I'm looking forward to see you. 22- He is interesting in music. 23- The war films have a negative effect to people. 24- She's going to look for a new job when she'll return to her country. 25- I meet him a short time ago. 26- While I studying, the light went out 27- He is a architect. 28- Doctors operated in my uncle yesterday 29- Doctors treated my son by free. 30- Dr.Magdi Jacob treated the Egyptian children free of change 31- Hospitals treat patients in no charge 32- My brother isn't working he is out off job 33- My mother help in a chart to help the orphan 34- My father is responsible of a primary school 35- A GP works with animals 36- The Red Sun is a greet charity organization in Egypt 37- Can I do a phone call,please? 38- Our grandchildren built the pyramids 39- I take pride of my father. 40- It's hard job work with children 41- The company trains us good 42- The food tastes well 43- My father treats us friendly. 44- Maram eats usually fish for dinner. 45- After she leaves, she had an accident. 46- Have you studied ever? 47- It's a year since I have played tennis. 48- They have been reading since along time. 49- Mai has gone to Rome, now she is in Cairo. 50- I prefer reading a book in the library now. 51- They succeed in solving the problem yesterday 52- The spider lay 2000 eggs in the empty house 53- Policemen usually wear a platform 54- Dr. Magdy Yacoub made many heart transplant operations 55- She helped me doing the job. 56- He tried of his job at the age of 60. 66- The surgeon carried on the operation yesterday. 67- What's your mental status, single or married? 68- As I was walking home, I meet Sarah. 69- The sun is rising from east. 70- The spider have eight eyes. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One 71- I work out a big company in Egypt. 72- We arrived London at six. 73- Please call me in home, please. 74- Good food is good at you. 75- 'boys' sounds the same as "nose" 76- I enjoy work with my students. 77- I am made about football. 78- I'm a grat fun Of Zamalek team. 79- Mr Karam graduates in 2001. 80- He put in weight. 81- Did you saw the accident? 82- The plane will leave at 7 am. 83- Every thing is arranged. He will fly tomorrow. 84- What would you like to eat? I am having fish, please. 85- Now, I am understanding. 86- He tastes the food now. 87- I will sit up a charity in my city. 88- My father is always help me. 89- My brother take place in football competition 90- Has you ever seen a lion in a street? 91- Cancer is a fat disease. 92- Egypt is a leader country in the Middle East. 93- What was he doing when you come? 94- The computer Contributes in developing our country. 95- He studied medicine in university. 96- I played football once a week. 97- I have visited Zahia recent. 98- What is he doing? He is a doctor. 99- He is a accountant. 100- I'm proud by my country Egypt. 101- Have you ever meet a famous person? 102- It's often raining here. 103- When I was 20 I was smoking. 104- I have seen Zahia yesterday. 105- We're living here since April. 106- I'll phone you when I will arrive. 107- I don’t like meat. I prefers to eat fish. 108- I am born in El Husseinia. 109- My sister has 15 years. 110- Please explain me what you want. 111- Look! it rains. 112- Nour must see the dentist yesterday. 113- The children of our children are called our grandparents6. 114- I came here for study English. 115- I drove there without to stop. 116- Where I can buy stamps? 117- Ali is the faster runner in our school? 118- I'm no asleep. 119- She looked, but she didn't see nothing. 120- Where is station? 121- Maram has got a new work. 122- Nouran speaks a very good English. 123- The life is difficult. 124- I haven't got some free time today. 125- Everybody were late. 126- It is more cold today. 127- 'Who's that?' - 'She's Zahia.”. 128- The man which lives here is from Greece. 129- The people in this town is very friendly. 130- Israa never listens me. 131- It's ages since she's arrived 132- Our flat is decorated this week. 133- This soup isn't enough hot. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit One 134- I gave to Riham my e-mail. 135- I have done a mistake. 136- I promise I pay you tomorrow. 137- This is the first time I'm here. 138- I've been here since three days. 139- If I'll have time, I'll go home. 140- If I knew the price, I will tell you. 141- Dina said me that he was sad. 142- She told me she has a headache. 143- There's the man that I work for him. 144- After finished my work, I watched TV. 145- Although it was late, but she went out. 146- You have better to see the doctor. 147- Heba use to play tennis on Fridays. 148- My father work as a teacher. 149- I felt a sleep while the film. 150- You must stop to smoke. 151- I look forward to see you. 152- I'm boring in the lessons. 153- He has many money. 154- Zahia is interested in read stories. 155- I looked at me in the mirror. 156- We waited during six hours. 157- I like eating chocolate milk. 158- I'm wanting a cup of water, please. 159- We went there once a week. 160- I wants to know where is the post? 161- What did you do since the weekend? 162- When would you start to learn English? – Two years ago. 163- I want to be a doctor since I was ten. 164- When I was eight. I have seen a programme about a famous doctor on TV. 165- We were having a meeting at work this morning when suddenly all the lights were going out. 166- At the moment my sister trains to be a primary teacher. 167- Metals are expanding when they are heated. 168- She does research on plants a few years ago. 169- I knew him for ten years. 170- I didn't see the film yet. 171- She often has been seen playing tennis. 172- What time do you meet Helen this evening? 173- It's a quite hard job. 174- Are you tired after your long travel? 175- She's going to look for a new job when she'll return to her country. 176- I wish I wouldn't smoke so much. 177- I'd rather like to get to the cinema than the theatre. 178- Please remember me to post this letter. 179- We had a lot of difficulties to hear what was being said. 180- I hope the weather is fine for the weekend I don’t want that it rains for our picnic. 181- Those people standing over there probably are American. 182- It rained during three days without stopping. 183- The war films have a negative effect to people. 184- Students used to be able to enter into the University without problems. 185- The news are much better today. 186- Nowadays, a large amount of young people are studying languages. 187- This fact has caused that many people disbelieve politicians. 188- What a beautiful weather today. 189- She became very upset; even she asked me to leave the room. 190- The motorist asked him why had he crossed the road at that point. 191- I've forgotten my money at home. 192- She left immediately her home. 193- The greenhouse effect is a very actual problem 194- Could you explain me how this machine works? 195- He was died in 1976. 196- Continue walking along the street, passed the cinema and it’s on the left. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- ..................... the man was very sick, he didn't see the doctor. a) As b) So c) Unless d) Although 2- He arrived early ....................... get a good seat. a) in order to b) so c) because d) although 3- I'm not very good at most sports, ................... I can swim very well. a) despite b) however c)but d) for all 4- He won't do any work for you ……................ you pay him well. a) because b) so c) because d) whatever 5- ........................ she had nothing to do, she refused to go walking. a) As b) Because c) Although d) For 6- He behaved unwisely ........................... he was highly educated. a) because b) although c) due to d) despite 7- He was very hungry, ........................ he could rent a flat. a) so that b) because of c) however d) even if 8- My friend left for Europe ................... find a job there. a) so as to b) so that c) since d) though 9- I would like to join the sports club ..............get fit. a) so that b) in order to c) due to d) owing to 10- I don't like playing football, ...........I don't mind watching it on TV. a) however b) because c) so that d) so as to 11-I have never done Karate ............I have seen Karate on TV. a) if b) even if c) even so d) as 12- I saw the sports club advertised in the newspaper, ............. I am writing for more information. a) so as to b) so c) even though d) though 13- You won't win a gold medal ................... you train very hard. a) if b) so c) unless d) in order to 14- ...........he was a beginner, he won the gold medal. a) Because b) However c) Unless d) Even though 15- He didn't expect to win, ........... he was delighted when he got the gold medal. a) so b) because c) if d) as 16- .........he was young, he could solve the complicated problem. a) Because b) However c) Unless d) Even though 17- He failed in his exam............. his carelessness. a) because b) as c) since d) owing to 18- He worked hard,................. he succeeded. a) because b) as c) therefore d) unless 19- He endangered our lives ........................... driving at a breakneck speed. a) so that b) due to c) since d) therefore 20- He aims at getting the full mark ... he can please his parents. a) in order that b) so as to c) because d) yet 21- It was hot....................... we went swimming. a) so b) because c) since d) due to 22- He opened the door..................... he could see who was out side. a) to b) in order to c) so that d) so as to 23- I .................. bad the road was, we crossed it easily. a- Despite b- However c- Although d- In spite 24- .................. his wealth, he is unhappy. a- Although b- But c- However d- In spite of 25- ................... my help, he fell into debt. a- However b- Although c- Despite d- As 26- He came late ........................ he got in. a- although b- but c- despite d- whatever 27- Osama didn’t earn much last year .................... he worked hard. a- although b- however c- despite d- in spite of 28- 1 couldn't walk ................... my leg was broken. a- because of b- due to c- because d- owing to 29- He didn't go to school ........................ his illness. a- because b- as c- because of d- being 30- We like him ...................... he is kind. a- owing to b- as c- due to d- because of 31- ................... very tired, I went to bed early last night. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two a- Because b- Because of c- On account of d- Being 32- They risked their lives .................... ; save their country. a- so that b- because c- so as to d- in order that 33- He went to the meeting so early ..................... he could get a good seat. a- so that b- in order to c- so as to d- because 34- She went into the town yesterday ........................ she wanted to do some shopping. a- so as to b- in order that c- so that d- because 35- I went to the airport ......................... I could see my brother off. a- to b- in order to c- in order that d- for 36- He got that tape recorder ....................... record some music. a- so that b- in order to c- because d- in order that 37- He sent his son to England ...........he could learn English. a- so as to b- to c- for d- in order that 38- He is working hard ...................... he can pass the exam. a- because b- so that c- so as to d- in order to 39- Amir won the competition ...................... he had had no previous experience. a- so that b- although c- because d- despite 40- He was cautious, ........................ he fell into trouble. a- because b- so that c- however d- despite 41- It was dark ............ I could see. a- in order that b- despite c- but d- because 42- He was punished ............ coming early. a- because b- so as to c- although d- in spite of 43- ............. courageous he was , he escaped. a- Although b- However c- Despite d- Because 44- ............ I knocked at the door, nobody answered. a- Because of b- Because c- Although d- Despite 45- He lost his job ....................... his good record . a- in spite of b- although c- because d- so that 46- Ayman enjoyed the party, ...................... he had to leave early. a- because b- owing to c- however d- so that 47- People are still coming to this country.... there is an epidemic of flu. a- although b- as c- despite d- because 48- ....................... his bravery, he could storm the enemy's camp. a- Despite b- Owing to c- Although d- Because 49- They were dismissed ......................... their bad manners. a-because b- on account of c- despite d- although 50- I missed the train .................. getting up late. a-because of b- because c- although d- as 51- The day ....................... hot, we decided to go for a swim. a- despite b-although c- being d- because of 52- They take drugs ................. calm their nerves. a- so that b- so as to c- because d- because of 53- He is going to buy a camera ....................... he can take some photos a- although b- in order to c- in order that d- owing to 54- He has gone to the seaside ....................... change the scenery. a- because b- so as to c- owing to d- in spite of 55- He gets up early .......................... a- Neither do I. b- So do I. c- Neither am I. d- So am I. 56- Osama didn't come to the meeting. .............................. a- Neither did his boss b- Neither his boss did c- So did his boss d- So his boss did 57- My brother is 170 cm and my sister is 150 cm. My brother is .................. my sister. a. taller b. as tall as c. taller than d. taller as 58- I am 155 cm and so is my friend. My friend is .................... me. a. as tall as b. taller than c. tall like d. as tall than 59- ................... I can lend you some money. It’s no problem at all. a. Although b. If c. Of course d. As soon as 60- ..................... like reading a lot, I am not good at writing. a. Although b. If c. More d. Because 61- We can go to play tennis ...................... weather is good. a. in spite of b. although c. of course d. if 62- I wanted to go to school .................. I was too sick to go. a. while b. but c. if d. as soon as Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two 63- ................. Lemuel Gulliver was travelling at sea, there was a storm. a. Although b. If c. Because d. While 64- ................. I finished reading the book, I wanted to start reading it again from the beginning. a. As soon as b. Because c. If d. While 65- ..................... I can lend you some money. It is no problem at all. a. If b. Although c. As soon d. However 66- ……………… I like reading a lot. I'm not good at writing. a. Although b. However c. Despite d. Because 67- …………….. Gulliver was traveling in the sea, there was a storm. a. although b. If c. While d. Because 68- ……………… I finished reading the book, I started reading it again. a. as soon as b. While c. Because d. If 69- Tourists come to Egypt for their holidays ……..............…. its fine weather. d) because c) because of c) in spite of b) although 70- …...............… dinner, the phone rang six times. a) During b) While c) Because d) When 71- I like watching foreign films…….............. I don’t have time. a) although b) so c) when d) but 72- Clever….............. he was, he couldn’t answer the question. a) However b) however c) as d) so 73- Ramy, as well as his friends,……..........… clever. d) are c) is b) were a) am 74- No one was watching television,........................... I switched it off. a. to b. so that c. so d. in order that 75- You can't drive a car ........................... you've got a licence. a. when b. if c. unless d. in case 76- ......................... there were video cameras in the supermarket, many things were stolen. a. However b. Although c. Despite d. But 77- I missed the train ............................. getting up late. a- owing to b- because c- although d- as 78- He bought a ticket............................. he decided to travel to Alexandria. a. because b. owing to c. due to d. though 79- ............................. his cleverness, he was unable to answer the question. a. In spite of b. Although c. Even though d. However 80- The team won that match.......................... they got the cup. a. Beside b. But c. In addition d. As well as 81- He will get a prize ............................. he wins the match. a. unless b. if c. in case of d. although 82- We decided to go out for a meal............................ it was raining. a. however b. even though c. despite d. in spite of 83- ........................... he answered all the questions correctly, he got the full mark. a. As b. Although c. However d. Despite 84- They were dismissed ............................ their bad manners. a- because b- on account of c- despite d- although 85- Not only my brothers but also my sister ............................. going to Alexandria. a. are b. is c. were d. have been 86- 1, as well as my friend,............................ to leave at once. a. am b. is c. are d. were 87- He got a prize …................ his hard work. a. owing to b. because c. as d. since 88- .......................... playing football, we visited our uncle. a. In addition to b. In addition c. Beside d. Moreover 89- ....................... his bravery , he could storm the enemy's camp. a- Despite b- Owing to c- Although d- Because 90- .................... his honesty, no one believed him. a. Although b. However c. Despite d. In spite 91- It was hot,.......................... we went swimming . a. so b. because c. since d. due to 92- People are still coming to this country............... there is an epidemic of flu. a- although b- as c- despite d- because 93- Not only my colleagues but also my teacher…….......... to the party. a. invited b. is invited c. are inviting d. is inviting 94- ........................ he was careless, he had an accident. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two a. Due b. Because c. Because of d. Owing to 95- Ali, as well as I,............................... going to camp in the desert . a. am b. is c. are d. have 96- ......................... my help, he fell into debt. a-However b-Although c-Despite d-As 97- He came late ................................................. he got in . a- although b- but c- despite d- whatever 98- Ramy didn't earn much last year ................................... he worked hard. a- although b- however c- despite d- in spite of 90- I couldn't walk ...................................... my leg was broken . a- because of b- due to c- as d- owing to 91- He didn't go to school.................................. his illness. a- because b- as c- because of d- being 92- ...................................... very tired , I went to bed early last night. a- Because b- Because of c- On account of d- Being 93- .................................... I knocked at the door, nobody answered. a- Because b- Because c- Although d- Despite 94- He lost his job ........................................ his good record . a- in spite of b- although c- because d- so that 95- Hossam enjoyed the party , .............................he had to leave early. a- because b- owing to c- however d- so that 96- She went into the town yesterday ..................she wanted to do some shopping. a- so as to b- in order that c- so that d- because 97- ………………………….……..coming early, he was punished . a- Despite of b- Although c- In spite d- Despite 98- Kamal won the competition ........................he had had no previous experience. a- so that b- although c- because d- despite 99- He was cautious, .................................... he fell into trouble. a- because b- so that c- however d- despite 100- It was dark .................................................. ... I could see. a- in order that b- despite c- but d- because 101- He was punished ............................... coming early. a- because b- so as to c- although d- in spite of 102- .......................................... courageous he was, he escaped. a- Although b- However c- Despite d- Because 103- ……………… I like reading a lot. I'm not good at writing. a. Although b. However c. Despite d. Because 104- …………….. Gulliver was traveling in the sea, there was a storm. a. although b. If c. While d. Because 105- William Shakespeare is more famous .................. his plays than his poems. a) for b) by c) from d) of 106- Nobody knows the real reason ……………….. the film's popularity. a) with b) to c) for d) of 107- Ali loves English, but he's not very good ……….........…... math. a) for b) at c) by d) with 108- My father works …….. an international oil company. a) from b) to c) to d) for 109- That little black car belongs ………….....… my uncle a) to b) for c) with d) by 110- I play lots of sports, but I'm not very keen ............... watching sport on TV. a) to b) on c) for d) at 111- When I finish university, I'm going to apply………......... a job abroad. a) to b) with c) at d) for 112- In 1918, millions of people all over the world died ….................… Spanish flu. a) of b) for c) at d) with 113- You weren't at school yesterday, so how did you find out……...…….. the homework? a) with b) about c) from d) of 114- Azza is very interested………………….. medicine. a) in b) to c) of d) for 115- While I was reading the newspaper, I ........................ asleep. a) fall b) fell c) falling d) feel 116- Fady doesn't look happy ........................ I'm sure he passed the exam. a) because b) because of c) unless d) although Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two 117- I won't go to the cinema .................... not going with me. a) provided b) as long as c) if d) in case of 118- I've heard of Jonathan Swift. ...................... , I didn't know he wrote Gulliver's Travels. a) Although b) However c) Because d) So 119- ...................... working as a politician, Swift was a churchman. a) As well as b) Because c) Although d) If 120- They captured Gulliver ....................... tied him to the ground. a) so b) when c) but d) and 121- The match went ahead ..................... the bad weather. a) but b) in spite of c) although d) yet 122- The company had to change the plans ........................ some unexpected problems. a) due to b) because c) as d) since 123- The bus won't stop ......................... you wave to it. a) if b) unless c) though d) as long as 124- ..................... the café was crowded, we found a table. a) Whatever b) However c) Although d) Despite 125- I'd like you to do exercise A ......................... the composition. a) in addition to b) in addition c) as well d) but 126- If Amr gets up early, he .......................... the morning train. a) would catch b) would have caught c) will catch d) might catch 127- ........................ you drive well, you won't get a license. a) If b) In case c) As long as d) Unless 128- Soha can't come in ....................... the door is locked. a) due to b) because c) though d) because of 129- ...................... his cleverness, he failed the exam. a) Though b) However c) Despite d) Although 130- If you answer well, you ....................... a reward. a) would get b) wouldn't get c) will get d) won't get 131- A number of people have come to the party ....................... Amr and Alaa. a) beside b) in addition c) so d) besides 132- Wael, as well as all his friends, ...................... clever. a) are b) is c) were d) am 133- Take this medicine ...................... you feel tired. a) if b) unless c) in case of d) without 134- I was cautious, ........................ I was taken in by his tricks. a) although b) in spite of c) however d) though 135- ........................ her qualifications, she wasn't accepted for the job. a) In spite of b) Although c) Though d) But 136- Don't leave the building ..................... I tell you. a) if b) unless c) in case of d) without 137- I went to live in the town .......................... I could get a job. a) in order to b) because c) to d) so that 138- ........................ poor he was, he was always neatly dressed. a) Though b) But c) However d) Whatever 139- We couldn't see last night's lunar eclipse ......................... the heavy clouds. a) owing to b) because c) as d) but 140- Amr ..................... the university unless he gets high marks. a) wouldn't join b) won't join c) will join d) may join 141- ...................... Heba was frightened, she went out alone late at night. a) Even though b) However c) Because d) As 142- Intelligent .................... he is, he finds it difficult to express his ideas in writing. a) however b) but c) so d) as 143- If you ....................... to fail, study hard. a) doesn't want b) don't want c) won't want d) didn't want 144- I was feeling awful.................... I had to go outside. a) although b) so c) but d) because 145- The teacher may punish you ...................... arriving late at school. a) if b) in case of c) in case d) unless 146- .......................... quickly he runs, he can't catch the train. a) However b) As c) Although d) Despite 147- ........................ not having a ticket, you won't be admitted. a) Unless b) If c) Without d) In case of 148- You ..................... mistakes if you are careful. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two a) will make b) won't make c) would make d) wouldn't make 149- Amr won the competition ....................... he had had no previous experience. a) so that b) although c) because d) despite 150- He was cautious. ............................. he fell into trouble. a) Because b) So that c) However d) Despite 151- It was dark ...................... I could see. a) in order that b) despite c) but d) because 152- He was punished ...................... coming early. a) because b) although c) so as to d) in spite of 153- ............................ I knocked at the door, nobody answered. a) Because b) Because of c) Although d) Despite 154- ............................ courageous he was, he escaped. a) Although b) However c) Despite d) Because 155- People are still coming to this country ........................ there is an epidemic of flu. a) although b) as c) if d) due to 156- ......................... his bravery, he could storm the enemy's camp. a) Despite b) Owing to c) Although d) Because 157- I couldn't walk ...................... my leg was broken. a) because of b) due to c) because d) owing to 158- He didn't go to school ........................ his illness. a) because b) as c) because of d) being 159- ........................ my help, he fell into debt. a) However b) Although c) Despite d) As 160- He lost his job ..................... his good record. a) in spite of b) because c) although d) so that 161- We like him ...................... he is kind. a) owing to b) as c) due to d) because of 162- Amr and his family have visited many countries, ........................ they have never been to Europe. a) after b) while c) but d) although 163- Fady enjoyed the party, ....................... he had to leave early. a) because b) as c) but d) while 164- ........................ I have seen that film twice already, I'd love to see it again. a) But b) As long as c) Although d) Unless 165- I'm working hard, .......................... I want to get a high mark at the test. a) after b) but c) while d) because 166- ............................ bad the road was, we crossed it easily. a) Despite b) However c) Although d) In spite 167- ........................ his wealth, he is unhappy. a) Although b) But c) However d) In spite of 168- I missed the train ........................ getting up late. a) because of b) because c) although d) as 169- The lights went out ........................ I was doing my homework. a) during b) unless c) because d) while 170- ........................ he spent his early years in England, he returned to Ireland. a) If b) Because c) Although d) Despite 171- I like reading novels, ........................ I don't have time. a) but b) although c) despite d) because 172- ...................... I've heard a lot about England, I don't know where it is. a) As b) But c) Although d) Because 173- I enjoy studying English ........................ I can listen to English songs. a) while b) if c) although d) because 174- I've been trying to contact Amr, .................... he is not answering his phone. a) but b) although c) as d) while 175- ...................... her stunning beauty, she is still unmarried. a) As b) Because of c) As long as d) Despite 176- He got low marks in the final exam ......................... he got high marks in the monthly tests. a) because b) since c) although d) while 177- I won't give you the money ...................... you tell me why you really need it. a) unless b) because c) if d) as long as 178- He played well in the match ........................... he couldn't score many goals. a) but b) because c) in order to d) unless 179- Broad-minded ................. he was, he couldn't get the idea of having a family and children. a) as b) because c) however d) since Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- As I was tired, I finished my homework before going to bed. 2- The boy didn't go to school so he was ill. 3- I was watching TV while I did my homework. 4- Unless I have time, I will come and see you tomorrow. 5- Gulliver escaped from the island however the king wanted to kill him. 6- As I've heard a lot about England, I have never been there. 7- If I want to find out about a famous writer, I would have gone to a library. 8- I enjoy studying English because it is boring 9- Because he spent his early years in England, he returned to Ireland to go to school and university. 10- If he was working as a secretary, Swift started to write. 11- In my opinion, the book succeeds but it has these different meanings. 12- Jonathan Swift wrote other books because none were as successful as Gulliver's Travels. 13- While you're interested in knowing more about the author, have a list of web pages you can look at. 14- They were arrested as breaking the law. 15- He had to apologize owing to he made a shameful mistake. 16- As well as she studied hard, she played tennis regularly. 17- If he reads the questions carefully, he answers them. 18- There were no accidents though the dangerous roads. 19- I like most school subjects because I don't like physics. 20- As soon as seeing the accident, I called the police. 21- However the box was heavy, he could carry it. 22- In addition to he wrote the letter, he saw the film. 23- Because they played very well, they lost the match. 24- While read the newspaper, my grandfather fell asleep. 25- While preparing food , she was burning her hand. 26- She was talking on her mobile phone while the time she was driving. 27- Would you water the garden for us during we are away? 28- I'll water your garden while your absence. 29- While he was working as a secretary, Swift was starting to write. 30- I was seeing an accident while I was coming to school today. 31- The phone rang because I was having a shower. 32- While going round a corner, I felled off my bicycle. 33- During the time that he was cleaning the room, he founded some old letters. 34- As I’ve seen that film twice, I’d love to see it again. 35- I’ve read it twice. Although I haven’t understood it. 36- Because the fact that the book is long, it’s interesting. 37- When it rains tomorrow, take your umbrella with you. 38- While working as a doctor, he is a singer. 39- I said “Good morning’ when you didn’t hear me. 40- I like all my school subjects, and not English. 41- However he is young, he is strong. 42- They were arrested as breaking the law. 43- He had to apologize owing to he made a shameful mistake. 44- As well as she studied hard, she played tennis regularly. 45- If he reads the questions carefully, he answers them. 46- There were no accidents though the dangerous roads. 47- I like most school subjects because I don't like physics. 48- As soon as seeing the accident, I called the police. 49- However the box was heavy, he could carry it. 50- In addition to he wrote the letter, he saw the film. 51- Because they played very well, they lost the match. 52- I was watching TV while I did my homework. 53- Unless I have time, I will come and see you tomorrow. 54- Gulliver escaped from the island however the king wanted to kill him. 55- If I want to find out about a famous writer, I would have gone to a library. 56- Unless money, we wouldn’t buy our needs. 57- He failed because of his lazy. 58- He died poor despite he worked hard all his life. 59- I fell asleep just I was watching a long film. 60- If his cleverness, he could solve the problem. 61- As weak he is, he could carry the stone. 62- My uncle is a represent of an international oil company. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Two 63- Despite the weather was bad, I went out. 64- He didn't go out because his illness. 65- The people in the street are very neighboring. They always help each other. 66- If he read the question carefully, he will answer it correctly. 67- However he doesn’t like playing tennis, He doesn't mind watching TV. 68- Sally goes to a computer centre in the afternoon in order to she wants to learn programming. 69- He scored the highest marks owing to he studied ten hours daily. 70- He has never played Karate even though he regular watches Karate on t v. 71- Huda always go to Paris. 72- He is as taller as his brother. 73- While she plays, she fell down. 74- Because his cleverness, he got high marks. 75- In spite of his poor, he is happy. 76- He study hard as he want his father to reward him. 77- She's so badly behaved in spite of her mother lets her get away with everything. 78- Afaf used to playing tricks on his young brother. 79- A lawyer who advises people about the law. 80- They've got three private cars although they are rich. 81- However weakness he is, he won the race. 82- It is necessary for us to go back on foot last night. 83- After he has had his tea, he went out for a work. 84- First he did his homework after he watched T.V. 85- However her politeness, she is still unmarried. 86- It is forbid to wait here. 87- Lazy however he is, he gets high marks. 88- I wouldn't go on holiday if I don't have enough money. 89- Because of they are farmers, they have to get up early. 90- It was midday although I turned on the light. 91- If you are leaving now, you'd be able to attend the first lecture. 92- Despite he was tired, the noise kept him awake all night. 93- You English will get better in case you have some courses in English. 94- As the film was interesting, I didn't enjoy it. 95- You can't get a room in the hotel unless you had a reservation. 96- I felt unwell therefore I stayed up late last night. 97- Unless taking the medicine properly, your cough will get worse. 98- It was cold, because I turned the heating on. 99- You can't drive a car because you have got a license. 100- Though familiar his face looked, I couldn't remember meeting him before. 101- Unless you were a patient, you won't be an efficient teacher. 102- He ran out of money, but he had to look for a job. 103- You should see me easily due to I was wearing a red jumper. 104- This man didn't have any talent although he became a popular TV personality. 105- Don't leave the computer on for so long if you are using it. 106- Because he studied his lessons, he failed his exams. 107- Zahia went to many countries because she had never been to France. 108- She felt tired because she went to bed. 109- It was very cold yesterday because we went for a swim. 110- While he work on the field, fire broke out in his house. 111- My friend comes while I was watching a film. 112- He failed asleep while he was studying his lessons. 113- My mother breaks the vase while she was cleaning the sitting room. 114- He wants to go to Egypt for his holiday if he wants to be an archaeologist. 115- However he ran as fast as he could, he was only third in the race. 116- I need to learn English because of I want to work for an international company. 117- If he took part in the race tomorrow, he will win it. 118- You won't be allowed to enter unless you were here on time. 119- He would be in danger if he drives very fast. 120- If Nouran hadn't studied last year, she wouldn't get the best mark in English. 121- Will you be angry if your friend borrowed money from you? 122- What would you do if you had lost your passport? 123- We would visit the pyramids yesterday if we had had enough time. 124- I will buy you a new mobile unless I have enough money. 125- I you are careful, you will have an accident. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Three 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- He had finished his training before he .............................. the job. a- got b- had got c- would get d- gets 2-After I ............................. the book, I gave it to my friend. a- read b- had read c- have read d- reading 3-1 helped him with his homework as soon as I………………….. my own. a- do b- would do c- had done d-was doing 4- When I arrived at the station, the train .............................so I didn't catch it. a- left b- would leave c- have left d- had left 5- He told me that he .............................. already bought a car. a- has b- has had c- had d- is having 6- The secretary left the office after .........................the letters. a-typed b- had typed c-typing d-was typing 7- He ………………..... home as soon as he had seen his brother off. a- returns b- had returned c- will return d- returned 8- 1...................................him before I visited him. a- will phone b- phoned c- had phoned d- phone 9- My boss ...............................after I had done my work. a- arrived b- had arrived c- arriving d- arrives 10- She started her work when she ………..........the baby to bed. a- had put b- puts c-has put d- will put 11- I had finished my work................................leaving the office. a- before b-after c- when d- as soon as 12- When he .................................the game, he left in sadness. a- had lost b- was lost c- has lost d- would lost 13-The pupils went out as so on as the bell………….................... a- rings b- ringing c- had rung d- has rung 14- He .................................me his address after I had asked him twice. a-had told b-tells c- told d- was telling 15-As soon as the pilot had seen the signal he .......................... a message a- had sent b- has sent c- will send d- sent 16- When he looked into the street he found that the car……………..….... . a- had gone b- went c- has gone d- goes 17- They decided to get married last week although they...each other for only five months. a- have known b- had known c- know d- would know 18- When I got home last night I found that somebody …………..…… into the flat. a- breaks b- broke c- had broken d- was breaking 19- We ..........................our dinner before we went out for a walk. a- had had b- had c- have d- have had 20-.....................................the letter after you had written it? a- Had you posted b- Did you post c-Do you post d- Have you posted 21- As soon as I heard the news I …………………………. Azza. a- have told b- told c- had told d- was telling 22- When I ………………………the composition, I showed it to my teacher. a- write b- have written c- will write d- had written 23- She ……………………a car after she had learned to drive. a- has bought b- bought c- will buy d- was buying 24- After she got to school, she realized she ………………….her homework. a- had been forgotten b- was forgotten c-has forgotten d- had forgotten 25- After she. ………home from work, she sat down on the sofa and fell asleep. a- comes b- has come c- was coming d- had come 26- By the time we reached the station, the train …………………… . a- had already left b- will already leave c- has left d- is already leaving 27- He had mended the car before ……………………………..it. a-sells b- sold c- selling d- had sold 28- They couldn't go swimming because they ………………. their swimming suits. a- were forgetting b- have forgotten c- will forget d- had forgotten 29- He went to bed immediately after. …………………… his homework. a- doing b- had done c- did d- has done 30- After she had written the letter, she ……….a stamp on it and took it to the post office. a- puts b- will put c- put d- had put 31- The car didn't start …………………..we had given it a push. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Three a- so that b- unless c- until d- because 32- The television didn't work ………………………. Nadia had broken it. a- because b- until c- although d- if 33- I ……………………come back home till I had finished all my work. a- haven't b- don't c- won't d- didn't 34- The film was boring, so I turned off the TV before it ………………… . a- ends b- ended c- has ended d- had ended 35- Having learned to drive, he ………………….. a car. a- had bought b- has bought c- will buy d- bought 36- She arrived at the station after the train ……………………….. . a) left b) was left c) had left d) leaving 37- When the actress had come into the hall, everyone ………………………. cheering. a) started b) start c) starts d) starting 38- They didn't leave the shop ………………………….. they had paid the bill. a) after b) before c) when d) until 39- When we went back to look for the fox, it …………………………… . a) disappear b) disappeared c) disappearing d) disappears 40- After ……………………… my clothes on, I went out. a) had put b) putting c) put d) puts 41- ……………………………. had her dinner, she washed the dishes. a) Having b) Have c) Had d) Has 42- He ……………………….. abroad until he had graduated. a) doesn't travel b) didn't travel c) hadn't traveled d) isn't traveling 43- Before ………………………….. on the machine, he had read the instructions. a) switch b) switches c) switching d) switched 44- He phoned me as soon as he …………………………... the news. a) has told b) had been told c) tells d) told 45- ………………………… reading the story, I gave it to Sama. a) Because b) When c) After d) Till 46- By 2012, Rania …………………………… to Cairo. a) had left b) left c) leaving d) was leaving 47- Having …………………………….. his mobile, Samir told his father. a) found b) find c) finding d) finds 48- After Mai had received Hala's e-mail, she ………………………. her reply. a) had sent b) sent c) sending d) send 49- After Hassan …………………………. a wallet, he handed it to a policeman. a) has found b) had found c) finding d) found 50- Before ………………………… the office, he had switched off the lights. a) leaving b) had left c) leaves d) left 51- After he …………………………. the sad news, he began to cry. a) has learned b) learned c) learning d) learns 52- The crowd ………………………… the stadium after the game had ended. a) had left b) left c) would leave d) was leaving 53- We ……………………….. our dinner before we went for a walk. a) had had b) have had c) will have d) having 54- After he had told the story, the children ………………………….. their hands. a) would clap b) clapped c) had clapped d) clap 55- He had gone to bed when he ………………………….. a knock at the door. a) had heard b) heard c) hearing d) hears 56- The lesson had begun before I ……………………………. the room. a) had entered b) entered c) entering d) enters 57- Before she bought the dress, she ………………………….. to different shops. a) went b) going c) had gone d) has gone 58- They won the match after they ………………………… well. a) had practiced b) practiced c) practicing d) practices 59- She …………………………… TV until she had done the housework. a) watched b) didn't watch c) watches d) watching 60- As soon as my father had arrived home, we …………………………….. our lunch. a) have b) had c) having d) had had 61- By the time the doctor …………………………., the man had died. a) arrive b) arrives c) arriving d) arrived 62- He went home after ……………………………. his work. a) finish b) finishing c) finishes d) finished Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Three 63- ……………………………. done my homework, I slept. a) After b) Having c) Before d) Until 64- Before …………………………….. Samira, I had phoned her. a) visit b) visiting c) visited d) visits 65- He didn't buy the car ……………………………….. he had saved a sum of money. a) before b) by the time c) until d) while 66- No sooner ………………………… finished cooking than we ate. a) mum had b) had mum c) has mum d) did mum 67- Hardly had she graduated ……………………………. she got a good job. a) while b) until c) when d) before 68- Ramy had scarcely eaten lunch …………………………… he slept. a) when b) than c) until d) after 69- He saw his friend while ……………………………. down the street. a) was walking b) walking c) walked d) had walked 70- I ……………………………. my bag while I was running to catch the train. a) had lost b) lost c) was losing d) have lost 71- The lesson had begun before I ……………………………. the room. a) had entered b) entered c) entering d) enters 72- Before she bought the dress, she ………………………….. to different shops. a) went b) going c) had gone d) has gone 73- They won the match after they ………………………… well. a) had practiced b) practiced c) practicing d) practices 74- She …………………………… TV until she had done the housework. a) watched b) didn't watch c) watches d) watching 75- As soon as my father had arrived home, we …………………………….. our lunch. a) have b) had c) having d) had had 76- By the time the doctor …………………………., the man had died. a) arrive b) arrives c) arriving d) arrived 77- No sooner ………………………… finished cooking than we ate. a) mum had b) had mum c) has mum d) did mum 78- Hardly had she graduated ……………………………. she got a good job. a) while b) until c) when d) before 79- Nouran had scarcely eaten lunch …………………………… he slept. a) when b) than c) until d) after 80- She .................... a magazine when somebody knocked at the door. a) read b) reads c) was reading d) hard read 81- Having …………………………….. his mobile, Samir told his father. a) found b) find c) finding d) finds 82- After Mai had received Hala's e-mail, she ………………………. her reply. a) had sent b) sent c) sending d) send 83- After Hassan …………………………. a wallet, he handed it to a policeman. a) has found b) had found c) finding d) found 84- Before ………………………… the office, he had switched off the lights. a) leaving b) had left c) leaves d) left 85- After he …………………………. the sad news, he began to cry. a) has learned b) learned c) learning d) learns 86- The crowd ………………………… the stadium after the game had ended. a) had left b) left c) would leave d) was leaving 87- We ……………………….. our dinner before we went for a walk. a) had had b) have had c) will have d) having 88- After he had told the story, the children ………………………….. their hands. a) would clap b) clapped c) had clapped d) clap 89- Amir ................... the room when mother called him. a) is painting b) was painting c) painted d) paints 90- Eman .................... down while running in the street. a) fell b) falls c) falling d) has fallen 91- My grandfather ......................... last year. a) was dying b) dies c) die d) died 92- I was riding my bike when I ....................... an accident. a) see b) had seen c) saw d) seen 93- The bus ...................... down on our way to Tanta yesterday. a) was breaking b) broke c) breaking d) breaks 94- After ...................... his homework, he felt relieved and relaxed. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Three a) had finished b) finished c) finishing d) finish 95- The TV didn't work ....................... the electricity had cut out. a) while b) before c) when d) until 96- Having .................. his degree, he began looking for a job. a) get b) got c) getting d) gets 97- No sooner ...................... written the report than he phoned the boss. a) had he b) he had c) has he d) he did 98- When my father came home, we ………………………….. a lot of noise. a) make b) are making c) have made d) were making 99- He saw his friend while ……………………………. down the street. a) was walking b) walking c) walked d) had walked 100- I ……………………………. my bag while I was running to catch the train. a) had lost b) lost c) was losing d) have lost 101- When I was on holiday, I ………………………….. in the sea every day. a) swam b) was swimming c) has swum d) have swum 102- I didn't hear the phone because I ……………………………. a shower. a) was having b) had c) having d) am having 103- She arrived at the station after the train ……………………….. . a) left b) was left c) had left d) leaving 104- When the actress had come into the hall, everyone ………………………. cheering. a) started b) start c) starts d) starting 105- Hardly had he left home ........................ it began to rain. a) that b) when c) then d) than 106- We had no sooner arrived ......................... we were asked to attend the meeting. a) than b) when c) that d) until 107- By the time I reached the stadium, the match ...................... . a) begins b) began c) has begun d) had begun 108- When I reached the office, the boss wasn't there because he ......................... earlier. a) was leaving b) had left c) leaving d) will leave 109- When we ........................ the town we sent Rania to find out about the hotels. a) reach b) had reached c) reaching d) will reach 110- He had finished his training before he ........................ the job. a) got b) had got c) would get d) gets 111- After I ......................... the book, I left it in the hospital for someone else to read. a) read b) have read c) reading d) had read 112- I helped him with his homework as soon as I ......................... my own. a) do b) did c) had done d) doing 113- He told me that he ...................... already bought a car. a) has b) had c) has had d) is 114- The secretary left the office after ......................... the letters. a) typed b) had typed c) typing d) types 115- He ..................... home as soon as he had seen his brother off at the airport. a) returns b) had returned c) will return d) returned 116- My boss .................... after I had done my work. a) arrived b) had arrived c) arriving d) arrives 117- She started to work when she .................... the baby to bed. a) puts b) has put c) had put d) will put 118- I had finished my work before ...................... the office. a) left b) had left c) was leaving d) leaving 119- When he ....................... the game, he left in sadness. a) had lost b) was lost c) has lost d) would lose 120- The pupils went out as soon as the bell ...................... . a) rings b) had rung c) has rung d) would ring 121- He ...................... me his address after I had asked him twice. a) had told b) tells c) told d) was telling 122- As soon as the pilot had seen the signal he ......................... a message. a) had sent b) has sent c) will send d) sent 123- When I got home last night, I found that somebody ...................... into the flat. a) breaks b) broke c) had broken d) was breaking 124- When arrived at school this morning, I found that I ........................ my English book. a) would forget b) will forget c) forgot d) had forgotten 125- Last night while I ........................ ready for school, I heard my sister crying. a) was getting b) got c) am getting d) get Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Three 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- The park looked awful. People leave litter everywhere. 2- You can have that newspaper. I finish with it. 3- There's no more cheese. We eat it all. I'm afraid. 4- I was really tired last night. I have a hard day. 5- Don't you want to see this programme? It start. 1- He didn't buy the chain of restaurants after he had become rich. 2- He had eaten meat when he fell ill. 3- Having watching TV, I went to bed. 4- He had enjoyed the food as soon as he tasted it. 5- No sooner the boy had fallen off his bicycle than the policeman hurried to help him. 6- I had stayed for two hours in the clinic after the doctor arrived. 7- No sooner had he seen the thief when he told the police. 8- After taken my measurements, the tailor cut the material. 9- When we returned back home, we found that someone broke into our flat. 10- Really? That’s incredibly! How?! 11- She likes sweets of all kinds. Strange, she doesn’t like chocolate. 12- OK, Sir. You can have it decorates in a week. I3- Someone bought it and paid with cash. 14- How much did you cost for this dress? 15- There’s a problem with my internet connects, so I can’t send c-mails. 16- She has no chosen, does she? 17- I’d rather not talking about it now. 18- Look at my new dress; I’ve bought it by LE 400. 19- Had done the homework, she went shopping. 20- He bought a car after learned to drive. 21- Before leaving for school, I had my breakfast. 22- Samy had gone to sleep after doing his homework. 23- Having finishing cooking, mother helped her children with their homework. 24- No sooner had Ali went out than the house collapsed. 25- They didn't receive the medals until they won the match. 26- I had just seen my friend Mona. 27- I have sent him an e-mails. 28- When my father come home, I was finishing my homework. 29- He has been watching the film since the last hour. 30- While was returning home, he saw the accident. 31- In 1999, I have visited my uncle in Alexandria. 32- The opposite of modern is tradition. 33- There has been a real grow in the number of people. 34- Alaa has been to France, he is still there. 35- Have you ever play computer games. 36- He didn't helped me last week. 37- The currency of The USA is the euro. 38- Can I pay by a credit card? 39- He enjoys surf the net. 40- He hasn't written letters recently. 41- Unless money, we wouldn’t buy our needs. 42- He failed because of his lazy. 43- He died poor despite he worked hard all his life. 44- I fell asleep just I was watching a long film. 45- If his cleverness, he could solve the problem. 46- As weak he is, he could carry the stone. 47- How long did you leave the town? 48- Someone stole me of my money. 49- He didn’t enter the competition because his illness. 50- I had a lot of work, consequent I left the office very late. 51- Our team tried hard, so they lost the game by three goals. 52- He didn’t come to school since his illness. 53- He didn’t come to school due his illness. 54- He stayed in bed due to work tiring. 55- Kamal has been to Luxor. He is watching Luxor Temple now. 56- I last played football since I was on holiday. 57- He last play the piano since he was in Cairo. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Three 58- It’s week since I rode a bicycle. 59- I haven’t phoned him for yesterday. 60- It is the most interesting book that I’ve ever read. 61- If he read the book, I’ll borrow it. 62- He came late on account his missing the bus. 63- I'll as he is, he will stay in bed. 64- It is five year since he wrote short stories. 65- This is a ten-years old boy. 66- We haven’t met since the last month. 67- His ambitious is to be a doctor. 68- Ahmed is less taller than me. 69- This book is newwer than mine. 70- This is the most interested book I have ever read. 71- The more you eat, the fat you become. 72- The more you work, the more you talk. 73- Noha and Soha are the same high. 74- This is my elder than brother. 75- He is less better than me. 76- Noha is the shortest of the two girls. 77- My book is better than your. 78- Heba is taller than I. 79- Mona’s book is expensive than mine. 80- My book is expensive , but yours is expensive than it. 81- This is the less interesting book. 82- The computer has to mend .It doesn’t work properly. 83- The thieves stole the bank yesterday. 84- If it weren’t for his cleverness, he wouldn’t have succeeded. 85- Are I to have money , I’d buy a car. 86- I can succeed without I have to study hard. 87- He is an university student. 88- Goha and the Thieves are very interesting. I like it very much. 89- I am a pronoun. 90- If he had been to Alex, he would have seen there by me. 91- Our team who is good won the match. 92- I’d like to study English literary. 93- I usually say the truth to my father. 94- This is the hotel where I stayed in. 95- This is the hotel which I stayed. 96- This is the funniest face that I have ever seen. 97- I have never seen such good boy. 98- This boy is so good student that he answers all questions. 99- I have lived here since my life. 100- I have lived here for I was born. 101- I have lived here for all my life. 102- He always is late. 103- The book stole yesterday. 104- I’ll by it by a credit card. 105- Our team which are good won the match. 106- Since he was a boy, he played football. 107- I haven’t played football since the last year. 108- I’ve met Ahmed and played with him then since that day. 109- However he is good, I hate him. 110- Good as he is, I like him. 111- However ill is he, he will come. 112- Despite he ill, he came. 113- But four his illness, he would come. 114- In case studying hard, he will succeed. 115- If you study hard, you wouldn’t get high marks. 116- With studying hard, you would succeed. 117- If you came late, he will be happy. 118- Unless you study hard, you will succeed. 119- He, as well as I, am a teacher. 120- What were you doing when I am calling you? Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Four 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- The next plane ...................... at 9 o'clock. a) will arrive b) arrives c) is going to arrive d) arriving 2- I ................... 30 next month. a) am going to be b) am being c) am d) will be 3- The car is moving sideways, it ........................... . a) crashes b) will crash c) is crashing d) is going to crash 4- He ................... you if you come late again. a) will punish b) is going to punish c) is punishing d) will be punishing 5- I think she ....................... he next exam. a) will pass b) is going to pass c) is passing d) passes 6- When he comes next week, he ..................... me my card. a) gives b) will give c) is giving d) is going to give 7- He .................. me the details after he meets the boss. a) tells b) will tell c) is going to tell d) is telling 8- Don't be late for the cinema, the film ..................... at 9 as usual. a) will start b) starts c) is starting d) is going to start. 9- We ...................... a new car, we have prepared everything. a) will buy b) are going to buy c) are buying d) buy 10- They arranged everything for the journey, they ..................... tomorrow. a) leave b) are leaving c) are going to leave d) will leave 11- I ................... the homework by 7 pm. a) will be finishing b) will have finished c) will finish d) finish 12- He has intention, he ....................... buy a villa. a) is going to buy b) will buy c) is buying d) buys 13- If you study hard, your father .................... you a present. a) will give b) gives c) is giving d) is going to give. 14- According to the timetable the nest bus ..................... at 10 am. a) will leave b) leaves c) is going to leave d) is leaving 15- I ....................... for you at the hotel at midday tomorrow. a) will be waiting b) wait c) am waiting d) was waiting 16- ...................... I carry the box for you? a) Will b) Shall c) Are d) Have 17- I'm cold. I ……………………………. close the window. a) am going to b) will c) would d) may 18- I think my country ……………………………….. be a fantastic place. a) would b) is going to c) will d) could 19- The sky is dark. I expect it ………………………………. rain. a) will b) is going to c) would d) should 20- I ………………………………. my grandparents next Friday. a) will visit b) am going to visit c) visit d) visiting 21- What time …………………………….. you meeting Naglaa tomorrow? a) do b) are c) were d) have 22- I …………………………….. to the theatre this evening. a) am going b) will c) would go d) was going 23- He ……………………………. dinner with his friends on Friday. a) having b) has c) is having d) was having 24- Water is coming in through a hole in the boat. It ………………………………. sink. a) will b) is going to c) would d) going to 25- Have you cleaned the car? – Not yet. I ……………………………. clean it tomorrow. a) will b) am going to c) am going d) shall 26- I feel a bit hungry. I think I ……………………………… have something to eat. a) would b) am going to c) will d) could 27- I think the weather ……………………………… be nice later. a) will b) is going to c) would d) may 28- Why are you turning on TV? - I ………………………………….. watch the news. a) am going to b) will c) was watching d) watch Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Four 29- There is too little petrol left. The car ……………………………….. . a) stop b) is going to stop c) is stopping d) stops 30- We ……………………………… a party tomorrow at 7 pm for Mona's birthday. a) have given b) give c) giving d) are giving 31- The national team is attacking hard. They ……………………………….. score a goal. a) will b) are c) will be d) are going to 32- What have they decided to do? - They …………………………… the small factory next month. a) have sold b) sell c) are selling d) will sell 33- I ………………………………. my uncle at the airport tomorrow. a) would meet b) will meet c) meeting d) met 34- Next year, we …………………………. the university. a) join b) would join c) will join d) joining 35- I hope my father ………………………… us to Hurghada next summer. a) taking b) takes c) took d) will take 36- Amir has decided to have a party next week. He …………………. lots of people. a) invites b) will invite c) is going to invite d) invited 37- Perhaps I …………………………….. live in a big house with a swimming pool. a) am going to b) going c) will d) going to 38- We ………………. visit the Pyramids next Friday. We told a driver to drive us there. a) will b) are going to c) going d) is going to 39- I promised I ………………………. your car tomorrow. a) am going to b) will c) should d) is going to 40- If you put metal in water, it …………………………. . a) will float b) won't sink c) won't float d) will swim 41- I'm so tired. I ……………………………. have some rest. a) will b) am going to c) going to d) won't 42- In the future we …………………………… a better life. a) are going b) are going to have c) will have d) won't 43- It is very hot. …………………………. you open the window, please? a) Will b) Are c) Is d) Do 44- If you played with matches again, I ………………………. punish you. a) am going to b) will c) could d) won't 45- The weather forecast for tomorrow predicts that it …………………….. be cold. a) is going to b) will c) should d) could 46- I'm sorry. I forgot to post the letter, but I promise I ………………. post it tomorrow. a) will b) should c) would d) could 47- I'm not sure. Perhaps we will ………………….. a suitable solution to this problem. a) finding b) finds c) find d) found 48- Will you carry these books for me, please? - Sorry, I …………………… . a) will b) won't c) could d) shan't 49- I intend traveling to Paris next holiday. We are ............................. to visit the Eiffel Tower. a) going b) went c) goes d) go 50- Hady has planned to get married next month. This means that he ............. get married next month. a) will b) shall c) is going to d) would 51- My sister .................... be fourteen next month. a) will b) will be c) is going to d) could 52- The doorbell is ringing, I ......................... the door. a) am opening b) am going to open c) will open d) opens 53- The water's boiling. I ....................... turn the gas off. a) will b) am going to c) can't d) won't 54- Look at those black clouds. It is ........................... rain. a) going to b) goes c) going d) go 55- They intended to buy a big house. They .......................... buy it. a) may b) are going to c) should d) will 56- I hope the stadium ........................ be full for the match on Saturday. a) is going to b) would c) may d) will 57- I'm sure you ......................... not fail. You are clever enough. a) will b) might c) should d) are going to 58- I'm saving up money because I ........................... buy a new car. a) am going to b) is going c) will d) goes 59- Yara ................... visit us on holiday but I'm not sure. a) will b) am going to c) is going to d) going Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Four 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- My sister is going to be 11 years old next week. 2- The boy is fell in the river, I am going to save him. 3- The next plane will arrive at 3. 4- We have prepared everything, we will leave tomorrow. 5- I intend I will give him the book. 6- My predict is that he will succeed. 7- We should cooperation in our life. 8- Players pass the ball to each other to win a goal. 9- Scientists has to work hard. 10- Elephants live in large family to bringing up their young. 11- Some animals hunt their pray alive. 12- I play swimming everyday. 13- He can solve the problem on my own. 14- A nurses helps doctors and surgeons. 15- Will you play karate with me? 16- Football players pass the ball to each other until one player can win a goal 17- Space scientists has to work in large, complex teams to send people into space. 18- Elephants and gorillas live in large family groups to bringing up their young. 19- In a recent experience, scientists showed that birds can cooperate on complex jobs. 20- Scientists found that they could successfully learn many pairs of birds to get their food in this way. 21- I going to London next summer. 22- He reading the novel tomorrow. 23- They are go to play tennis. 24- I hope they will won the cup. 25- My eldest daughter would be 22 next June. 26- He is a very selfish player as he doesn't score the ball to other players in the team. 27- I think he is going to travel next year. 28- This ****** is going to be shown soon on TV. 29- People are going to have robots in the future. 30- We think Rana is going to get high marks. 31- Don't worry; I am answering the phone at once. 32- The exam is quite easy, the pupils will do it at once. 33- I think our team is winning the match. 34- My father has saved enough money; he will buy a new car. 35- I expect Amr will pass the exam. 36- I'm going to go shopping with you if you like. 37- The sky is clear, it will be fine. 38- Zahia has a visa to Canada. He will go there next month. 39- I'm going to have a cold drink. 40- We'll build a villa next year. Dad has already bought the land. 41- There is along queue at the bus stop. The bus will be crowded. 42- It's very hot. I'm opening the window. 43- My uncle is going to be 60 next week. 44- This bag is very heavy. I'm going to carry it for you. 45- The government will build a hospital in our district next year. 46- Hala was going to buy a coat next week. 47- Would you visit Fady next holiday? 48- Will Zahia going to stay at her uncle's farm? 49- The train to Aswan leaving at ten in the morning. 50- I will give my birthday party next Friday. Everything has been arranged. 51- He took the decision to go to the cinema. He will go there at 6. 52- We will go to the Red Sea this summer. I've already bought a guide book. 53- I'm going to send you a postcard when I arrive in America. 54- Futurologists predict that people will are going to live under the sea in the future. 55- Salma is going to having an interview for the new job tomorrow. 56- This shirt is very cheap. I am going to buy another one. 57- Where are you go to spend your summer vacation? 58- Will you being at the party if Ali invites you? 59- Are you be able to fly a plane in the future? 60- Zahia will buy a new book because her dad has given her the money. 61- I hope you are going to achieve all your dreams. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Five 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- He goes to .................... bed to sleep. a- the b - a c- an d- no article 2- He got the best mark in ........................ English. a- a b-the c-an d- no article 3- He worked as ................... professor at university. a- a b- an c - the d- no article 4- The moon goes around ........................ earth. a- The b- no article c- a d- an 5- My brother enjoys playing .................... piano a- a b- the c- no article d- an 6- I am very hungry, I want to have ..................... lunch. a- a b- the c- an d- no article 7- .................. death of my friend was bad for me. a- The b- no article c- an d-a 8- .................. President Mubarak met Queen Victoria last year. a - a b- an c- the d- no article 9- Cairo is the capital of .................. Egypt. a – a b- the c- no article d- an 10-Cairo is the capital of ................ A.R.E. a- a b- the c- no article d- an 11- She had .................... accident. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 12- Will you come to ................. lunch of our friend? a- a b- an c- the d- no article 13- ................... elephant lives in Africa. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 14- Dr Zewail was awarded ................. Noble prize for chemistry. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 15- ................... children can be cruel. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 16- .................... children in Lord of the Flies are cruel. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 17-Egypt lies in ................ Africa. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 18- Please, don't put your books on ................. TV. a- a b-an c- the d- no article 19- We went to ................. hospital to visit my ill sister. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 20- .............. flowers on the table are very good. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 21- I ................... mobile yesterday. ................... mobile was expensive. a- an b- a c- no article d- the 22- ................. rich should help the poor. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 23- .................. femto second was discovered by Dr Zewail. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 24- .................... freedom is the best thing in life. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 25- My friend is ................ engineer. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 26- France is ----------------European country. a- a b- an c- the d- no article 27- I saw ………………… accident this morning. a) the b) a c) an d) no article 28- The car crashed into ………………….. wall on their way to Benha. a) an b) the c) a d) no article 29- ……………. bus was badly damaged in an accident yesterday. a) no article b) A c) The d) An 30- We live in ……………….. old house at Giza. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 31- They live near ………………….. Nile Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Five a) a b) the c) an d) no article 32- When I leave school, I want to be ……………….. tourist guide. a) the b) an c) a d) no article 33- I had …………………. interview with the business. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 34- The manager interviewed me for ……………………. job in this company. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 35- She is a secretary, so she works in …………………… office. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 36- My brother is …………………… oldest in our school. a) the b) no article c) an d) a 37- …………………. mobile phone was invented in 1947. a) no article b) The c) A d) An 38- My brother is …………………. fastest swimmer in our school. a) the b) an c) a d) no article 39- My father can't afford to buy …………………… computer. a) a b) the c) no article d) an 40- My sister told me that …………………. new baby was born in the family. a) a b) the c) an d) no article 41- If you to visit …………………. foreign country, travel by plane. a) an b) a c) the d) no article 42- W traveled to Alexandria by train. ………………… train was overcrowded. a) A b) An c) The d) no article 43- ………………….. sun is the source of heat and light. a) A b) The c) An d) no article 44- In a hospital every patient has …………………… nurse to look after him. a) the b) a c) an d) no article 45- The divers went under water in ………………….. submarine. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 46- My father is ………………….. doctor. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 47- My uncle is ………………… best teacher in our town. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 48- ……………… town I'm talking about is Kafr el-Sheikh. a) A b) The c) An d) no article 49- You should look at ……………………… moon and see its beauty. a) the b) a c) an d) no article 50- The Nile is …………………. longest river in the world. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 51- I showed my friend ………………….. phone which I had found. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 52- There is ……………………. beautiful garden behind my house. a) an b) a c) the d) no article 53- My brother is in …………………….. hospital because he is sick. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 54- He is a teacher. He is from …………………. England. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 55- For this job you need ……………………. experience with computers. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 56- I went to ……………………. hospital to visit my uncle. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 57- …………………… driver of the car was not hurt. a) A b) The c) An d) no article 58- I saw him when he went to …………………. work. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 59- I don't use ………………….. sugar when I'm cooking. a) a b) an c) the d) no article 60- What are your plans for ......................... future? a) an b) some c) the d) a 61- ...................... computers have arrived. Where shall I put them? a) The b) A c) An d) No article 62- As I was walking along the street, ......................... spider landed on my head. a) the b) an c) no article d) a Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Five 63- This book is .................... cheapest. I could find but not the best. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 64- Against her parents wishes, she wants to be ...................... journalist. a) the b) that c) this d) a 65- Are you talking about ...................... Christmas we spent in Alex? a) the b) no c) no article d) some 66- Shall we go out walking on ....................... Friday? - No, I'm busy this weekend a) the b) no article c) some d) a 67- I first went skiing in ................... spring of 2009. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 68- It is usually hot and humid in Egypt in ......................... summer. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 69- The islands of the east coast of ......................... Malaysia are beautiful. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 70- .......................... meal we had at Wimpy last night was very delicious. a) The b) An c) no article d) A 71- .......................... computers save time and effort. a) The b) An c) no article d) A 72- Look outside, .................... sky is getting very dark. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 73- ................... Nile is the longest river in the world. a) The b) An c) no article d) A 74- Would you like a tomato? There is one in .................... fridge. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 75- We should help ...................... poor. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 76- I was thirsty. I was looking for ....................... shop to buy something to drink. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 77- .................... Algebra is a branch of mathematics. a) The b) An c) no article d) A 78- Ali is ...................... very nice person. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 79- We had dinner at .......................... most expensive restaurant in the town. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 80- My father works as ........................ accountant in a big company. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 81- Rome is ....................... capital of Italy. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 82- Where is Amr? - He is in ...................... garden. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 83- What is ...................... largest island in the world? a) the b) an c) no article d) a 84- I turned off ....................... light, opened the door and went out. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 85- My brother is a soldier. He is in ..................... army. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 86- What is on ....................... television tonight? - A football. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 87- France is ......................... European country. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 88- Amr is learning to play ..................... piano. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 89- Why don't we ask ....................... professor Zewail about his school days? a) the b) an c) no article d) a 90- Fady is .......................... clever engineer. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 91- It is ........................ nicest shirt I have ever seen. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 92- He is ...................... honest man. a) the b) an c) no article d) a 93- Its speed is 80 km ........................ hour. a) the b) an c) no article d) a Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Five 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- France is part of an European Union. 2- Gobi is a huge Desert in Asia. 3- The Mediterranean Sea is between the Europe and Africa. 4- Golding was an sailor during the war. 5- The Arabic is easy. 6- The Cairo is in Egypt. 7- The king Fouad ruled Egypt. 8- She goes to hospital as she is a nurse. 9- My father went to a school to meet my teacher. 10- Can you give me a water to drink? 11- A united Kingdom is very far. 12- We have the lunch at 6 everyday. 13- a more you work, the more problems you get. 14-Do you read a Holy Quran everyday? 15- The football is my favourite sport. 16- She is a tallest girl in the class. 17- A Sudan is an African country. 18- He sold his car. A car was very bad. 19- France is part of an European Union. 20- Gobi is a huge Desert in Asia. 21- The Mediterranean Sea is between the Europe and Africa. 22- A computer has changed the way we work. 23- It is said that an apples are good for you. 24- One system of government is a democracy. 25- Sterling pound is the currency of United Kingdom. 26- Cairo is a capital of Egypt. 27- Ali is a tallest boy in class. 28- My father works as a accountant. 29- The honesty is the best policy. 30- A young are usually full of energy. 31- Would you like the piece of cake? 32- Zahia offered me the glass of Coca-Cola. 33- A Turkish drank a lot of coffee. 34- A tiger is a very dangerous animal. 35- Please tell me a time. 36- Egypt is in a north Africa. 37- Our teacher of English has worked in a United Arab Emirates for six years. 38- I found some information about Shakespeare on an internet. 39- The basketball has become a popular sport. 40- I was such the difficult exam. 41- Are you interested in a history? 42- A blind are in need of our love and care. 43- A united Kingdom is very far. 44- The Arabic is difficult. 45- The Cairo is the biggest city in Egypt. 46- The king traveled to the South Africa. 47- My father went to a school to meet my teacher. 48- The President Mubarak is a wise leader. 49- A Nile is the longest river in the world. 50- The Amazon is shorter than a Nile. 51- A man and woman were sitting opposite me. A man was American. 52- I hope I will be free after the lunch. 53- I hate going to an dentist. 54- Nouran works in a city centre. 55- How often do you go to cinema? - About once the month. 56- She works eight hours on day. 57- Have you got car? 58- an I speak to a manager, please? 59- Would you rather live in a town or in a country? 60- He is good at reciting a Quran. 61- My father is busy listening to a radio. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Six 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1 – Our flat is the --------------------- one in the city. a- old b- older c- oldest d- elder 2 –This is ------------------- difficult exercise we have ever done. a– more b– most c – the most d – less 3 – He is the --------------------- man. a – helpful b – more helpful c – less helpful d – most helpful 4 – My car is ---------------- comfortable as your car. a – less b – as c – more d – most 5 – He is ----------------- than his friend. a – good b – better c – best d – the best 6 – Ali is the------------------------- of two friends. a – old b – older c – oldest d – older as 7 – Which is --------------The Nile or the Amazon? a – long b – longest c – longer d - the longest 8 – Alexandria is ------------------- from Aswan than Cairo. a – farthest b – far c – farther d – furthest 9 – She is much---------------------- than her sister. a – as beautiful b – more beautiful c – most beautiful d – beautiful 10 –My car is the --------------------- colour as your car. a – as b – same c – similar d – like 11 – The harder you work, the ---------------------- you gain. a – much b – more c – most d- less 12 – This math's problem is ------------------------ of all. a – difficult b – more difficult c – the most difficult d – as difficult 13 – This is --------------------- news he has ever heard. a – best b – the best c – better d – good 14 – The shelf is too ----------- for me to reach. a – high b – higher c – highest d – as high 15 – She is ten years ------------ than her sister. a – old b – older c – elder d – as old 16 – He got a bit --------------------than he was yesterday. a – good b – better c – more better d – the best 17 – Of all my friends I like Ahmad ---------------------- . a – better b – best c – the better d – good 18 – How ---------------------- is Everest? a – high b – height c – highness d – higher 19 – What ---------------- is Ayman? a – old b – age c- older d – aged 20 – You can call me if you need any --------------------- help. a – farther b – further c - farthest d – far 21- Omar is ……………………….. intelligent pupil in the class. a) the most b) most c) much d) more 22- The plane crash was ………………………… terrifying. a) quite b) really c) fairly d) very 23- Which is …………………………, a car or a plane? a) fast b) faster c) fastest d) faster than 24- Cars today are ……………………………. than those used in the past. a) modern b) less modern c) the most modern d) more modern 25- Of all players, I like Abu Trika ………………………. . a) best b) better c) good d) the best 26- Amira is not as ……………………………. as Lara. a) young b) younger c) youngest d) the young 27- It is the ………………………… exciting book I have ever read. a) many b) more c) most d) much 28- No girl in the class is …………………………… than Nouran. a) good b) better c) best d) well 29- Your house isn't …………………………….. high as this house. a) so b) such c) enough d) very 30- This basketball player is …………………………….. tall and well-built. a) quite b) quiet c) quietly d) quietness 31- My grandmother is …………………………. fat, she can hardly move. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Six a) very b) really c) quite d) fairly 32- I have …………………………. seen such an interesting film. a) yet b) ever c) never d) already 33- Noha's dress and yours are the same ………………………… . a) price b) cheap c) cheaply d) expensive 34- Gold is …………………………. valuable than silver. a) more b) much c) most d) the most 35- Would you play ……………………………, please? I'm trying to sleep. a) quiet b) quietly c) quietness d) quite 36- These questions are ………………………….. difficult. I can't answer any of them. a) extreme b) extremes c) extremely d) fantastic 37- She is in need to see a doctor. She is …………………………… burned. a) bad b) badly c) worse d) well 38- He hit the ball very ………………………… . a) hard b) hardly c) hardness d) harden 39- I think he behaved very ………………………… . a) rude b) rudely c) rudeness d) more rude 40- He played the match very …………………………… . a) good b) best c) better d) well 41- We all speak French ……………………………. . a) bad b) badly c) worst d) worse 42- We are ……………………………. than our grandparents. a) lucky b) luckier c) luckiest d) more luckier 43- This story is ……………………………. than the one I have. a) best b) good c) better d) the best 44- This system is …………………………….. than the last one we had. a) easier b) more easier c) easy d) the easiest 45- I had ……………………………. time than I needed to finish the job. a) little b) less c) the least d) least 46- He is …………………………….. than he was last week. a) healthier b) healthiest c) the healthiest d) healthy 47- It is …………………………… difficult exercise I've ever done. a) more b) most c) the less d) the most 48- Luxor is ……………………….. from Cairo than Mansoura. a) far b) furthest c) further d) the furthest 49- Perhaps you looked bad this morning, but he looked …………………………… . a) badly b) worse c) the worst d) more badly 50- Mr. Mahmoud is the ………………………….. to leave the office. a) late b) later c) latest d) last 51- Your English is much …………………………… than mine. a) good b) best c) the best d) better 52- The journey was not so …………………………… as I thought. a) longer b) long c) longest d) the longest 53- Ali is the …………………………… boy in class. He got the fewest marks. a) best b) worst c) better d) bad 54- Fresh food is ……………………………. than frozen food. a) healthy b) healthier c) healthiest d) health 55- English is …………………………… many other languages. a) easier than b) easiest c) easier d) the easiest 56- I'm very busy these days. I have ................... spare time than I used to. a) less b) more c) few d) much 57- I haven't got many tapes. You have got ........................ than I have. a) less b) least c) much d) more 58- Climbing equipment today is ...................... than that used in the past. a) less modern b) more modern c) modern d) the most modern 59- A woolen suit is not as ........................ as the clothing climbers use today. a) more waterproof b) waterproof c) less waterproof d) most waterproof 60- I hope you are feeling ......................... now. a) good b) the best c) best d) better 61- I'm going to Lake Nasser next week. We are going ....................... than usual. a) early b) earlier c) earliest d) most early 62- Of all teachers, I like the English teacher ....................... . a) best b) good c) better d) the best Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Six 63- Who is the oldest person ...................... the world? a) of b) in c) off d) at 64- It is the most delicious dish I have ........................... had. a) never b) ever c) even d) yet 65- He is not as ......................... as his brother. a) tall b) taller c) high d) long 66- The faster you drive, the ....................... you arrive. a) early b) earliest c) earlier d) best 67- Who is ..................... your father or your uncle? a) older b) old c) oldest d) as old 68- Challenger Deep is the ...................... place on the earth. a) deepest b) depth c) deeper d) deep 69- Amr, my ...................... brother will help me to do my homework. a) older b) oldest c) eldest d) elder 70- The black car is ........................... expensive than the blue one. a) little b) the most c) least d) less 71- Amr is not as ......................... as Ahmed. a) stronger b) strongest c) strong d) strongly 72- Ahmed is ....................... handsome than Fady. a) the most b) little c) least d) more 73- The newly married couple loved each other .......................... . a) deepest b) deep c) deeply d) deeper 74- Which is ........................ expensive a car or a bicycle? a) most b) much c) many d) more 75- Of my three brothers, Fady is ............................ . a) elder b) the eldest c) older d) old 76- The weather today is good but ...................... perfect than yesterday. a) less b) many c) least d) little 77- The Pacific Ocean is .................... than the Atlantic Ocean. a) deeper b) deep c) wide d) deepest 78- This is ........................... company in the world. a) big b) bigger c) biggest d) the biggest 79- English is ........................ than many other languages. a) easier b) more easy c) easiest d) the easiest 80- China is a ......................... country. a) larger b) largest c) as large d) largest 81- You look much ........................ today than yesterday. a) happy b) happier c) more happy d) happiest 82- She is the ......................... of the two sisters. a) eldest b) oldest c) youngest d) elder 83- Amr is a ......................... football player than anyone else in the team. a) good b) best c) the best d) better 84- This is .......................... picture I've ever seen. a) nice b) nicer c) the nicest d) nicest 85- This is the ..................... expensive car I've ever seen. a) most b) much c) less d) more 86- He was ....................... player in the team. a) good b) better c) best d) the best 87- My friend Ahmed is a ......................... taller than me. a) more b) bit c) much d) most 88- Which is ....................... popular, football or tennis? a) most b) much c) more d) many 89- Coastal cities are .................... attractive than the inland ones. a) more b) most c) least d) a bit 90- Football is ...................... popular game in Egypt. a) more b) most c) less d) the most 91- Maram is a bit ....................... than she usually is. a) cheerful b) more cheerful c) most cheerful d) the most cheerful 92- He is ..................... driver in the company. a) more careful b) the most careful c) less careful d) most careful 93- My house is ....................... expensive one in the area. a) more b) less c) the most d) most Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Six 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- The much food you eat, the fatter you become. 2- The place was more farther than I thought. 3- No student in our class is as cleverer as John. 4- This is the more higher building in our city. 5- Tokyo is the more busier city in the world. 6- She is more hard-working of all the students in this class. 7- The blue vase is the same price than the yellow one. 8- The weather is many colder than normal for this time of year. 9- That’s the funny joke I have ever heard. 10- Eating fruit is most fattening than eating chocolate. 11- Ahmad is the better student in the class. 12- My friend had a problem; he was in a light corner. 13- This car is as older as my car. 14- He is amateur, he plays for money 15- The most tall building in our city is the Central Bank. 16- A baby is a child who has just started walking. 17- A cup of orange juice is so expensive as lemon juice here. 18- No month of the year is coldest than January. 19- Omar runs faster than any other one in the class. 20- I'm not so tall so you. 21- I've never seen such a exciting film. 22- The museum is older as the library. 23- Khaled and Omar are the same tall. 24- No mountain in the world is highest than Everest. 25- Pluto is the far planet from the sun. 26- Today is not so hotter as yesterday. 27- The Mona Lisa is the more exciting painting in the world. 28- Elephants are big in size than lions. 29- My mobile is more cheaper than yours. 30- I like his new play best than his last one. 31- No other boy is more tall than Ahmed. 32- The villa is most expensive than the house. 33- It isn't so older today as yesterday. 34- The lion is the more dangerous animal in the forest. 35- The more you work the most you gain. 36- I'm much lucky than you. 37- Everest is the higher mountain in the world. 38- Who do you think is the good player in Egypt? 39- This is the more enjoyable play I've ever watched. 40- January is coldest month of the year. 41- The road is not so longer as I thought. 42- Amr is the best doctor than Fady. 43- I had least time than I needed to finish the job. 44- She sings less beautifully than Magda. 45- Brass is more valuable than diamond. 46- The most tall building in our city is the Central Bank. 47- Living in the country is safe than living in the city. 48- Everest is the lowest mountain in the world. 49- His I Pod is not most modern than mine. 50- This language is the lost formal one. 51- Football is the least popular game in the world. 52- Mount Fuji is most beautiful than Matterhorn. 53- Annapurna is most dangerous than Mount Fuji. 54- The Matterhorn is least popular than Annapurna. 55- I think London is most expensive than Cairo. 56- Everest is more higher than Kilimanjaro. 57- Annapurna is dangerouser than Everest. 58- This hotel is better than that one, but the blue one is the worse. 59- Mount Fuji is not as dangerous so Annapurna. 60- My book is least interesting than yours. 61- Aya is the worse girl at running in our class. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Seven 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- Dickens was the writer ……………….. wrote "Oliver Twist". a) who b) which c) when d) where 2- I enjoy listening to my father …………………. tells me interesting stories. a) who b) which c) when d) where 3- They have built a new school next to the house ………………….. I grew up. a) who b) which c) when d) where 4- The sunglasses ………………….. I bought last week were not expensive. a) when b) where c) whose d) which 5- What is the name of the writer …………………. wrote "The Old Man and The Sea"? a) which b) who c) when d) where 6- I'm still trying to find the homework ……………………. I did last night. a) whose b) which c) whose d) whom 7- The new airport …………………… is being built in our town will be a modern one. a) whom b) that c) what d) who 8- Where are the CDs ………………… you bought yesterday? a) whom b) where c) which d) when 9- The man ………………….. I met for lunch yesterday was an old school friend. a) which b) whose c) when d) who 10- The café …………………… I'm meeting you on Wednesday is in the city centre. a) what b) when c) where d) which 11- The camel is an animal ………………… has adapted to life in the desert. a) whose b) which c) where d) when 12- A dictionary is a book in …………………. you find meanings of words. a) which b) where c) which d) whom 13- A sport is a physical activity in ………………… people compete against each other. a) who b) which c) where d) which 14- This is the place …………………. historians found the tomb. a) when b) why c) where d) while 15- The boy ………………….. pencil Salma borrowed is very nice. a) who b) whose c) when d) where 16- This is my aunt ………………… villa is in Cairo. a) who b) whose c) when d) where 17- Alexandria is the city ………………….. my sister live. a) who b) where c) when d) which 18- Taghtreed was in the room …………………. she had gone to sleep. a) when b) which c) where d) who 19- Aya watched a film …………………… she enjoyed a lot. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 20- Amira was with a friend ……………….. sister was a very good artist. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 21- They built a village …………………. they called Roanoke. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 22- The weather was terrible ……………… they tried to sail back. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 23- Do you know the boy ……………….. football was stolen? a) who b) whose c) when d) which 24- I can't buy the car ………………….. you asked about. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 25- He traveled to Luxor ……………………. he was born. a) who b) whose c) when d) where 26- That is the villa ………………… my uncle lives. a) who b) whose c) when d) where 27- The first of January is the day …………………. we celebrate the new year. a) who b) whose c) when d) where 28- He showed me the rocks ...................... he had collected. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 29- Hanan is one of the kindest people .......................... I know. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 30- Mr. Amr ........................ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 31- The umbrella ........................ I bought in Paris needs repairing. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Seven a) who b) whose c) when d) which 32- The National Museum is .......................... you can see the treasures of the Pharaohs. a) who b) whose c) when d) where 33- We live in a house ......................... was built in 1906. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 34- She is one of the few people to ......................... I look up. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 35- Amir, ............................ lives in Assuit, got his PhD last year. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 36- Wael, ...................... wife is English, often travels to England. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 37- They travel to Dubai ........................ is the leading trade centre in the Middle East. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 38- The story, ......................... we read in unit four, was called the Wise Chief. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 39- The Queen will visit the town in May ....................... she will open the new hospital. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 40- There is somebody ...................... wants you on the phone. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 41- Modern businesses produce goods an services ........................ are sold all over the world. a) who b) whose c) when d) which 42- April is the month ......................... they go to Alex. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 43- Ahmed, ...................... son passed the exam, gave a big party. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 44- This is our school .......................... we are educated and taught. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 45- Al-Ahly is the only club ......................... has become the club of the century in Africa. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 46- 1995 was the year .......................... my cousin returned from Emirates. a) which b) when c) where d) whose 47- The company ....................... my father works for exports goods to Europe and Asia. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 48- The sales manager of the company, ........................... is 26 years old, studied economics. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 49- The person ........................... the company belongs to is an accountant. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 50- The exports ......................... include cotton and metal goods, come from all over Egypt. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 51- Hany, ....................... grew up in Alex. has lived in Oman for 8 years. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 52- The factory, ..................... my cousin works is in Helwan. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 53- The corporation ....................... I want to work for is next to our house. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 54- My cousin Emad, ........................ is an accountant, works for a steel factory. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 55- Tanta, ......................... is Egypt's fifth largest city, is famous for delicious sweets. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 56- Samy's clothes factory, ........................ he started in 2001, distributes its products well. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 57- Mahmoud, .................... has just come to Tanta, is the chief buyer for a German import company. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 58- The restaurant, ......................... Mohab works for is the largest in Giza. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 59- Port Said, ................... his business is located, is an hour's drive from our house. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 60- The person ....................... we admire is the sales manager of Mercedes. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 61- The firm ........................ Miss Nadia works for exports vegetables and fruits. a) which b) who c) where d) whose 62- The tourist .................... Zahia met at the airport was Irish. a) which b) who c) where d) whose Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Seven 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- My cousin, where is a research chemist, works in the food industry. 2- My brother went to Oxford University which he studied economics. 3- John, which grew up in London, has lived in Egypt for 1 5 years. 4- The university which my uncle works is in Cairo. 5- The university where I want to go to is near my uncle. 6- My uncle Ahmed, where is a businessman, lives in Cairo. 7- Tanta, whose is Egypt's fifth largest city, has many mosques. 8- Ahmed, when has many customers in India, often goes there for holidays. 9- Ahmed's clothes company, where he started in 1950, exports all over the world. 10- The clothes, what are made of Egyptian cotton, are very good quality. 11- Do you know the name of the boy which broke the window? 12- I feel sorry for our neighbour who flat was robbed last year. 13- The teacher punished the boy whose was naughty. 14- The small towns where were set up for trade, later became huge cities. 15- The businessman travelled to Japan when did a lot of business. 16- Fresh vegetables contain a lot of vitamins who are useful to us. 17- That is the office which my father works. 18- These goods are made in China which workers get low wages. 19- The families who relatives have been killed in the air crash, are sad. 20- Friday is the day where we visit our grandfather. 21- Advertisements what we an see on TV, persuade people to buy things. 22- Spring is the time that we celebrate Sham el-Nesseim. 23- The man which car broke down asked me for help. 24- My uncle which lives in Aswan, is going to get married. 25- The region in where our country lies, is dry all year round. 26- I bought a car which colour is blue. 27- I met Mr. Amr where is my teacher of English. 28- This is the flat which I stay. 29- June is the month where I go to Balteem. 30- This is the school when I was educated. 31- My cousin which is a research chemist, works in the food industry. 32- My brother went to Oxford University which he studied English literature. 33- Amr where grew up in London, has lived in Egypt for 15 years. 34- The university which my uncle works is in Cairo. 35- Nouran whose I helped is very cheerful. 36- The car whose I bought is cheap. 37- The bag which colour is blue is very nice. 38- This is the place when I stay. 39- Friday is the day where I was born. 40- It is Dr. Zewail where discovered the femto second. 41- This is the hotel where we stay in. 42- Ahmed bought a mobile whose was expensive. 43- The letter when had no stamp on was lost. 44- Maram which bag was stolen is my friend. 45- Mansoura is the place when I was born. 46- Mr. Wong which you met yesterday is my father's friend. 47- The meeting will be held in the office when you visited me before. 48- The man where wallet was stolen was very sad. 49- The woman when husband died was crying desperately. 50- Mr. Galal, whose is our manger, is very gentle. 51- I went to the town when my father was born. 52- Kafr el-Sheikh is the place whose I was born in 1981. 53- This is the hospital whose my father was treated. 54- This is the bag when I bought last week. 55- The girl who fiancé was arrested cried sadly. 56- The man when Ibrahim met at the airport was from Scotland. 57- The company, where is in Beijing, employs 1,000 people. 58- The girl that Rasha met her is very decent. 59- I work for a supermarket chain where head offie is in Ireland. 60- Miss O'Connor, who company buys fruit and vegetables, has made an appointment to meet me. 61- I will never forget the place when I met my first girlfriend. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Eight 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- Mohammed ........................ to work in a factory. Now he works in a supermarket. a) uses b) used c) using d) is used 2- I used .......................... tennis. I stopped playing a few years a go. a) to play b) play c) to playing d) playing 3- Zahia used to .................... glasses but she never wears glasses now. a) wearing b) to wearing c) wear d) be worn 4- Have you got a car? - No, I ............................ have one, but I sold it. a) use to b) used for c) is used to d) used to 5- Maram ........................ to work as a journalist. Now, she is the manager of a hotel. a) used b) is used c) used d) was used 6- What games did you ......................... play when tou were a child? a) used to b) use to c) using to d) was used 7- Did you go to work by car? - Sometimes, but most days I used ..................... by train. a) for going b) to be going c) to go d) go 8- When I was a child, I ..................... eat meat, but I eat it now. a) didn't use to b) am not used to c) use to d) used to 9- We ........................ live near the airport, but we moved to the city centre a few years a go. a) used to b) are used c) use to d) used 10- When I was a pupil, I ........................ use to go to school on foot. a) don't b) haven't c) won't d) didn't 11- Did you ....................... borrow money from your friends? a) use b) used c) using d) uses 12- Before her death, my grandmother ......................... take sleeping pills every night. a) is used to b) uses to c) used to d) used for 13- I used to go to the cinema very often, but now I ................................ do so. a) used to b) no longer c) usually d) am used to 14- ........................ you use to go shopping when you lived in London? a) Will b) Did c) Do d) Have 15- Did Amr ...................... have lunch at this restaurant before getting married. a) used to b) am used to c) use d) use to 16- The building is now a furniture store. It .............................. a cinema. a) uses to be b) is used to being c) used to be d) used to being 17- Do you see that hill over there? There ........................ to be a castle on it. a) used to b) is used c) was used d) used 18- Nouran used ...................... long hair, but she cut it some time ago. a) to having b) for having c) to have d) have 19- Mai used to travel a lot. These days she ........................ away very often. a) won't go b) didn't go c) hadn't gone d) doesn't go 20- I lived a lone in the past, but I ........................ do so. a) usually b) often c) normally d) no longer 21- Did he ...................... do anything else was well as writing? a) used to b) use to c) used to d) using to 22- I no longer work for this newspaper. I ......................... work for them two years ago. a) was used to b) am used to c) used to d) using to 23- Mr. Ahmed ........................ play football but now he writes for a football magazine. a) was used to b) is used to c) used to d) used 24- Ahmed ...................... play with naughty children, but now he doesn't. a) is used to b) uses to c) used to d) got used to 25- Mona is used to ......................... up early every day. a) get b) getting c) used to d) gets 26- Where did you ........................ live 10 years ago? a) used for b) used in c) used to d) used 27- In those days, he used to ...................... fishing. a) enjoy b) enjoys c) enjoyed d) will enjoy 28- He ....................... to spend his free time writing. a) use b) uses c) used d) using 29- Ali is used to ......................... up early. a) get b) got c) getting d) gets 30- Money is used to ........................ things. a) buy b) bought c) buying d) buys Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Eight 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- I used to searing a traditional watch, now I have a digital one. 2- Where does Eman use to live before she moved to Tanta? 3- When I was a child, I don't use to ride a bicycle. 4- Amr used to spend most of his time reading books before getting a job. 5- Where did you use to parking your car before you sold it? 6- Mai no longer live in the countryside. 7- When I was at school, I use to do the homework at night. 8- How do you use to spend your weekends when you were a pupil? 9- I am used to live alone. I have been living alone for some time. 10- A thermometer is used to measuring temperature. 11- Scales are used for measure weight. 12- They used to smoke; they are still smoking. 13- I didn't used to help me Maram. 14- I'm used to study English. 15- Does I use to sleep early the last few days? 16- When I'm on holiday, I am used to swimming. 17- They are used to smoking; they no longer smoke. 18- I not used to sitting in noise places. 19- When did you used to go for a walk with friends? 20- I don't use to get up early during the last summer holiday. 21- He is used to swimming. He doesn't do this now. 22- We used to living in a small flat in this building. 23- Where did Mai used to go on Thursday evenings? 24- Did he used to do anything else as well as writing? 25- He doesn't use to staying at home. 26 - People use to walk but now they travel by car or bus. 27- When I was young, I uses to live in Luxor. 28- He use to go canoeing on the river on Sundays. 29- People used to keeping their money at homes. 30- I'm not used to drink tea and coffee. 31- When I was at school, I'm used to writing poems and thoughts. 32- My father used to going for hunting trips when he was a young man. 33- Why are you used to get up early on Fridays? 34- Did your father used to spend his free time reading? 45- Is Amira using to watch foreign movies on TV? 46- Does Zahia use to visit her uncle in the country two years ago? 47- Where did your family used to live when you were a child? 48- Amira uses to go skiing in summer last year. 49- Did Maram use to phone Nouran daily last month? 50- Amr is used to travelling around Egypt. But now he stopped. 51- Where did you use to puts your money when you were a child? 52- My grandmother used to sleeping very early when she was a girl. 53- A hammer is used to hitting nails. 54- Pliers are used for cut metals. 55- Carpenters are used to use tools such as hammers and nails. 56- What did you used to drink after breakfast last year? 57- Emilda is used to stay up late during exam nights. 58- Are you used to live alone in this drab flat? 59- When did you used to revise for the exams? 60- Amir is used a ladder to fix a bulb. 61- Who did you used to visit at weekends? 62- Nouran, Mai and Maram are used to meet every Friday evening. 63- Shahenda is used to help her mother in the kitechen. 64- Fady is used to take part in football competitions during holidays. 65- Fady and Ahmed used to revising their answers together before the lesson. 66- Menna didn't use to attending lectures at this university last year. 67- Judy didn't used to sleep early when she was a toddler. 68- People used to using Gold as money in the old days. 69- Did you use to using dictionaries during your study at the Faculty? 70- Where did they used going in their free time last month? 71- People used to wrote with fountain pens in the 1960s. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Nine 1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1- Samir ............ hockey since he was eight years old and now he is in the under 15 national team. a. played b. has played c. has been playing d. was playing 2- I ................ all my homework and now I am ready to go out! a. have been finished b. finished c. have been finishing d. have finished 3- Sara ............ to call Rania all afternoon, but each time she calls the number is busy. a. has been trying b. has tried c. tried d. is trying 4- What ................ your mother for her birthday tomorrow? a. have you been buying b. have you bought c. you bought d. had you bought 5- I ............... the Olympic Games every four years for my whole life. a. was watching b. have been watching c. have watched d. watched 6- I ............... the Olympic Games all evening and now I’m going to bed. a. was watching b. have been watching c. have watched d. watched 7- Rania ................ as a doctor for the last ten years. a. has been working b. worked c. had worked d. is working 8- Fareed ............... all night and he is very tired. a. has been working b. works c. had worked d. has worked 9- It is the best jacket you have ………………………… bought. a) never b) ever c) yet d) last 10- We haven't received Huda's reply to our e-mail ………………………… . a) yet b) ever c) already d) never 11- Fady hasn't checked his car since he last ………………………….. to the mechanic. a) has gone b) goes c) went d) will go 12- Mr. Amr ………………………….. to Paris. He came back last night. a) has been b) has gone c) will go d) goes 13- Nehal …………………………….. studying her lessons two hours ago. a) has finished b) finish c) can finish d) finished 14- Have you received your prize? - No, I …………………………. . a) wasn't b) don't c) haven't d) didn't 15- I haven't visited my uncle …………………………….. the last month. a) for b) since c) ago d) in 16- Nouran hasn't eaten fish …………………………….. she was in Alex. a) ago b) when c) for d) since 17- It's a long time …………………………….. I last went to the theatre. a) for b) since c) ago d) for 18- The baby has been hungry ……………………………. several hours. a) from b) in c) since d) for 19- It hasn't stopped raining ………………………….. . a) ago b) yet c) before d) already 20- Noha …………………………….. swimming, she hasn't come back yet. a) will go b) has gone c) has been d) is going 21- Khaled hasn't painted his office ………………………….. . a) yet b) already c) ever d) never 22- I've …………………………. driven such a smart car. a) still b) already c) just d) never 23- It's the most interesting book I ………………………………….. . a) had read b) have never read c) have ever read d) was reading 24- I ………………………….. my pen since yesterday. a) didn't use b) haven't used c) don't use d) hadn't used 25- Nothing interesting …………………………. since I last saw him. a) happened b) had happened c) has happened d) happens 26- Many railway lines …………………………. built in this country since 1910. a) were b) have been c) had been d) are being 27- We ………………………. each other since we were at school together. a) know b) knew c) have known d) had known 28- I have lived in this house since I …………………………….. a child. a) had been b) am c) will be d) was 29- They have been in London since they …………………………… . a) had married b) married c) would marry d) marry 30- I …………………………… hard since I was twenty. a) work b) had worked c) have worked d) am working 31- I have heard a lot since I ………………………….. coming to this school. Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Nine a) have started b) started c) start d) had started 32- What has happened to him ……………………………… this morning? a) since b) for c) ago d) when 33- It hasn't rained in this country ……………………………. five months. a) ago b) since c) for d) yet 34- The gardener hasn't watered the garden ……………………………. a long time. a) since b) ago c) for d) still 35- My father has gone out …………………………… 2 o'clock. a) for b) since c) ago d) when 36- He has ……………………………. graduated from university. a) just b) now c) yet d) last 37- He has built a new house ……………………………. . a) late b) never c) recently d) yet 38- The students haven't written the lesson …………………………….. . a) since b) already c) recently d) yet 39- She has been well since she ……………………………… to Suez. a) went b) had gone c) has gone d) is gone 40- He has known Nadia since they …………………………… school together. a) had started b) started c) have started d) starting 41- The manager has met many people since he ………………………… at his office. a) has arrived b) arrived c) is arriving d) will arrive 42- I've ………………………… been to Europe. I wish I could. a) just b) never c) already d) yet 43- They ................. this school for two years now. a) have been built b) have been building c) is building d) will be built 44- You are here. Where have you.........................? a) went b) gone c) are d) been 45- He is away, I don't know where he............ a) was gone b) has gone to c) has been to d) is going 46- So far, I ... .......... her to letters. a) sent b) have sent c) had sent d) is sent 47- Have you ever...................... to the pyramids? a) visited b) been visited c) been d) been visiting 48- He has worked as a taxi driver................. 5 years. a) since b) for c) ago d) to 49- He ...........twice since yesterday. a) phoned b) has been phoning c) has phoned d) is phoning 50- The Egyptian team has been to Holland for along time. Now they .......................... a) are in Holland b) are in Egypt c) left Egypt d) left Holland 51- How many times ......... him since you returned home? a) did you phone b) had you phoned c) are you phoning d) have you phoned 52- I have bought a new computer............. a) later b) recently c) scarcely d) yet 53- What has happened to her ...................... this afternoon? a) since b) for c) from d) in 54- You are here. Where have you .............................? a) went b) gone c) are d) been 55- He is away, I don't know where he ........................ a) was gone b) has gone to c) has been to d) went 56- Have you ever .......................... to the pyramids? a) visited b) been visited c) been d) seen 57- I haven't worn that coat ..................... years. a) ago b) since c) for d) from 58- Have you ever ........................ the pyramids? a) visited b) been visited c) been d) been visiting 59- Computers ..................... for education. a) can use b) will use c) can be used d) of use 60- Many railway lines.... built in this country since 1910. a- were b- have been c- had been d- are being 61- We ..........each other since we were at school together. a- know b- knew c- have known d- had known 62- I have lived in this house since I......... a child. a- had been b- am c- will be d- was Beyond in English 2nd Year Secondary Grammar Practice Unit Nine 2- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences: 1- I've been drinking three cups of tea this morning. 2- They've playing squash all morning – that's why they look so tired. 3- I'm been studying English for nine years. 4- My father has been travelling abroad six times in the last two months. 5- My brother has just been passing his university exams – that's why he looks so happy. 6- I am so hungry. I didn't eat yet! 7- He lives in London for 20 years now and he doesn't intend to move. 8- I'm sorry my clothes are dirty. I clean my garage. 9- I phone my uncle since 8 o'clock this morning. I wonder what the matter is. 10- I didn't see my cousin since the last school holiday. 11- I haven’t met to him since he travels to Cairo. 12- It’s the first time he is flying in a helicopter. 13- My father has been travelling abroad six times in the last two months. 14- My brother has just been passing his university exams – that's why he looks so happy. 15- He lives in London for 20 years now and he doesn't intend to move. 16- I'm sorry my clothes are dirty. I clean my garage. 17- I phone my uncle since 8 o'clock this morning. I wonder what the matter is. 18- I didn't see my cousin since the last school holiday. 19- That’s the worst place I’ve never visit. 20- I haven’t talked to him since he leaves school. 21- It’s the first time he is flying in a helicopter. 22- How long is it since you are meeting him? 23- I lost my wallet. I can't find it. 24- Eman has studied French. She is still studying it. 25- I have driven my car for 3 hours. I haven't reached my destination yet. 26- I have done my homework since 5 o'clock. 27- Have you never been abroad, Amr? 28- Where have the books going, Zahai? 29- She's been learned Spanish for five years now. 30- I've been working for this school for six years ago. 31- Since the last two weeks, I've been revising English regularly. 32- They've watching TV all evening. 33- I don't see my friend Ahmed for five weeks. 34- What did your mother bought from the shops? 35- It has rained all day yesterday. 36- So many people enjoy watch football matches on TV. 37- It hasn't rained since the last month. 38- Has the window been repairing recently? 39- Mary has been washing for 3 o'clock. 40- My brother has just passing the driving test. 41- She has been eating three sandwiches this morning. 42- I've working all morning – that's why I look tired. 43- Two mistakes have been making in this exam. 44- My father has been travelling abroad six times in the last two months. 45- I have been drinking three cups of tea this morning. 46- They've playing squash all morning – that's why they look so tired. 47- How long have you been revised for the test? 48- Maram has ever gone to the USA. 49- I have heard from Osama lately. 50- Have you finished writing letters already? 51- Where has he been hid for the last three years? 52- I have been living in Alexandria for 2004. 53- I have be making friends with foreigners since 1998. 54- Where have you putting your savings? 55- She has been living with her uncle in Suez since 5 years. 56- This is the best novel I have never read. 57- Has Eman and Zahia been studying since this morning? 58- Where has you been studying English literature? 59- I've been called Mai since 3 o'clock now. 60- Mnay factories have been building in Egypt since 1980. 61- All the curtains have been changing sice this afternoon. مستر عمرو خضير كلية الاقبال القومية الاسكندرية |
Great effort
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هايل جدا يا مستر عمرو نرجو تكملة الاسئلة على بقية الوحدات انا مدرس انجليزى وفعلا نحتاج تمارين كثيرة لتدريب الطلاب على اختلاف مستوياتهم نرجو الاسراع بتنزيل باقى المذكرة
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Thanks for your help .
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فين الرابط
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thanks for this great effort
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شكرا على هذا المجهود
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In fact a great work for a great teacher
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| جميع الأوقات بتوقيت GMT +2. الساعة الآن 04:21 AM. |
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