الفرق بينهما كالآتي
They are not interchangeable and you cannot say missing call. We say something is missing when we can't find it because we forgot where we put it or someone moved it or stole it. People can be missing if they lose their way, are kidnapped, are in some sort of disaster, etc.
My keys are missing. (I don't know where I put them.)
My missing keys were found under the sofa.
The guards found that a painting was missing from the museum.
The police are looking for three missing hikers who did not return to their camp last night.
At least 40 people are missing after flash floods swept through a small town today.
We say something is missed when we failed to catch it, such as when we failed to answer a phone call, or we arrived too late at a train station or we missed a connection for a flight (i.e., our first plane arrived too late for us to get on the second plane for the next stage of our journey).
I have five missed calls.
The airline charged me a penalty for the missed flight. (They fined me because I didn't arrive on time to catch my plane.)
In another sense of the word, we can say that a person is missed to mean that others feel sad about that person's death, disappearance, or absence. The adjective does not usually come before the noun.
My uncle died recently. He was such a kind and funny person. He's missed by everyone in the family.