الوحدة السابعة 2ث

[عاطف خليفة]

Unit 07 : The olympic games

Vocabulary
· The Olympic Games الألعاب الأولمبية
· water-skiing التزحلق على الماء
· snow-skiing التزحلق على الجليد
· horse-riding ركوب الخيل
· diving الغطس
· Running الجرى - العدو
· wrestling المصارعة
· karate كاراتيه
· ban يمنع
· Win يكسب
· lose يخسر
· beat يهزم
· Amateur هاوى
· Professional محترف
· Expert خبير
· insist on يصر على
· Race سباق
· Drugs عقاقير طبية- مخدرات
· Addict يدمن
· Addiction ادمان
· Individual فردى
· Religion دبن
· Festival مهرجان
· original أصلى
· competition منافسة
· train يتدرب- يدرب
· Trainer مدرب
· Trainee متدرب
· empireة امبراطوري
· attack يهجم
· earthquake زلزال
· volcano بركان
· courage شجاعة
· Courageous شجاع
· Coward جبان
· stripped of يحرم من
· Committee لجنة
· perform يؤدى
· performance أداء
· harmful to مؤذى - ضار
· champion بظل
· championship بطولة
· run out ينتهى - ينفذ
· skill مهارة
· skillful ماهر

Grammar
الأفعال Play , go , do تستخدم مع الألعاب الرياضية
أولاً : play يستخدم مع الألعاب التي نلعبها استخدام كرة.
· Example: play football, play basketball, play tennis, play table tennis.
ثانياً : go يستخدم مع الألعاب التي تنتهي حرف ...ing.
· Example: go swimming, go riding, go running, go wrestling.
ثالثاً: do يستخدم مع الرياضيات الأخرى.
· Example: do karate, do gymnastics.

Conjunctions
يوجد في اللغة الإنجليزية كلمات وعبارات لرابط جملتين أو أكثر لتصح جملة واحدة.
بدلاً من استعمال كلمة and فقط.
يوجد أيضاً الكلمات الآتية :
بالإضافة إلى , in addition to الإضافة إلى Besides ليس فقط ... ولكن أيضاً as well ...... , not only علاوة على ذلك as well as
Examples:
· On the feast we went to our uncle and the club.
· On the feast, besides going to our uncle, went to the club.
· -On the feast, in addition to going to our uncle, We went to the club.
· -On the feast, as well as going to our uncle, we went to the club.
· -On the feast, we not only went to our uncle, but we went to the club as well.
لاحظ الفرق في الاستخدام.
· Not only did we go to our uncle, but we also went to
· the club on the feast.
بدلاً من استعمال كلمة Because فقط.
يوجد أيضاً الكلمات الآتية نفس المعنى " لأن / س"
Since , as , due to , owing to
Examples:
· He didn’t go to the party because he was sick.
· Since he was tired, he went to bed.
· As he was ill, he couldn’t go to work.
· The student succeeded in the exam due to being clever (due to his cleverness )
· We didn’t go to the garden owing to bad weather.
أ- كلمات ربط بمعنى " لكي"

· That, so that, in order that, to, so as to, in order to.
- كلمات ربط معنى " خوفاً من / لئلا / خشيةً أن "
Lest, for fear that ,So as not to
Examples A:-
· The student studied hard so that he could get high marks.
· The student studied hard that he could get high marks.
· The student studied hard in order that he could get high marks.
· The student studied hard in order to get high marks.
· The student studied hard so as to get high marks.
· The student studied hard to get high marks.

Examples B :-
· He behaved well lest he should fall in trouble
· He behaved well for fear that he might fall in trouble
· He behaved well so as not to fall in trouble.

كلمات ربط بمعنى (But)
بالرغم من / مع أنAlthough , even though , however
Example:
· The dress was tight but the lady bought it.
· Although the dress was tight, the lady bought it.
· The lady bought the dress even though it was tight.
· The lady bought the dress, however it was tight.
كلمات ربط بمعنى (So)
ولذلك Therefore , consequently
Examples:
· He had a good command of English and computer so he got a very good job.
· He had a good command of English and computer, therefore he got a very good job.
· He had a good command of English and computer, consequently he got a very good job.
كلمات ربط بمعنى (If .. not)
إذا.... لم unless
Example:
· He won’t work unless you give him money in advance.
· He won’t work if you don’t give him money in advance.

__________________