if الشرطية

[misirliosma]

الشرطية if
مضارع بسيط مضاع بسيطIf +
وتستخدم مع الحقائق والعادات
Ex. If you boil water, it turns into steam.
مصدر + will ----------مضارع بسيط If
للتعبير عن الوعود- التهديد- حدث يمكن حدوثه وتستخدم اذا كانت الجملة المراد ربطها ب if فى المستقبل
بمعنى اذا احتوت على will – can –shall- may- must –perhaps فانها تحذف وحول الكلام الى مضارع بسيط .
Perhaps he will come if so I will tell him .
If he comes , I will tell him.
• ويمكن أيضاً استخدام الأمر في جملة جواب الشرط.
Ex.If you see Asmaa, give her a message for me, please.
يمكن استخدام can أو may بدلاً من will فى جملة جواب الشرط.
Ex. If We have enough time, We can visit Ahmed.
ويمكن استخدم الحالة الأولي في النصيحة و الطلب والنهي
If you come, clean house, please
If you see snake, Don't touch
If you feel tired , sleep early .
مصدر+ would -----------------ماضى بسيط if
للتعبير عن حدث كان من الممكن حدوثه –النصيحة – مواقف خيالية . وتستخدم اذا كانت الجملة المراد ربطها ب if فى المضارع فانها تحول الى الماضى
Weren't ----تحول الى --------am'is.are
Were--------تحول الى ------am,is,aren't
ماضى مثبت ------تحول الى don't, doesn't
didn't -------تحول الى مضارع مثبت
Ex :Iam not a fish so I can't swim .(If)
If I were a fish , I would swim.
Ex: Iam a doctor , so I can help you. (if)
If I weren't a doctor , I could help you
Ex :I don't study , so I don't pass exam .( if)
If I studied, I would pass exam .
Ex :I play well so I can win .(If)
If I didn't play well. I couldn't win
p.p + have + would ----------------ماضى تام If
للتعبير عن الندم- التمنى – الاستحالة, وتستخدم اذا كانت الجملة المراد ربطها ب فى الماضى تحول الى ماضى تام
Had been .............................wasn't-werent
Hadn't been.........................was-were
p.p+had .............................مصدر+ didn't
p.p+hadn't...............................ماضى مثبت
Ex: I wasn't ill so I went to school .
If I had been ill,I wouldn't have gone to school .
Ex: I got up late so I missed the train.
If I hadn't got up late ,I wouldn't have missed the train
أدوات تحل محل If
-but for -Without تحل محل if والنفي وياتى بعدها اما اسم او فعل + ing
If you don't work hard , you won't pass exam .
Without working hard , you won't pass exam.
Without hard work, you won't pass exam.
Unless -except if-تحل محل if والنفي ,وياتى بعدها جملة كاملة
If you don't play well, you won't win .(unless)
Unless you play well, you won't win.
Were تحل محل if حالة ثاني : مصدر +to +فاعل +were
If he went to cinema , he would see film (were)
Were he to go to cinema , he would see film .
Should نحل محل if حالة أولي وثان مصدر + فاعل +Should
If he played well , he would win .( Should )
Should he play well , he would win .
Had تحل محل if حالة ثالثة ويأتي بعدها فاعل ثم p.p
If he had had enough money , he would have bought a car . (Had|)
Had he had enough money , he would have bought a car .
In case of تحل محل if في الاثبات وياتي بعدها اسم او ing
If You make a study plan , you can save your time .(in case of )
In case of making a study plan , you can save your time
ويمكن استخدم if it weren't for مكان without في الحالة الثانية
ويمكن استخدام if it hadn't been for مكان without في الحالة الثالثة
ويمكن استخدام if it isn't for مكان if في الحالة الأولي مكان without
ويمكن ان تحل provided-provided that- providing-only if-as long as مكان if وياتي بعدهم جملة كاملة .
You can borrow my car provided that you don't drive fast .
Without doctors , people would die .(if)
If it weren't for doctors , people would die
اسامه عبد الرحيم
بلبيس- شرقية
0112398766
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