خاص بمدرسي اللغة الإنجليزية فقط - موضوع هام يتعلق بأحد أسئلة الكادر

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Inflectional and derivational morphology

INFLECTIONAL التصريف الذي يخدم القواعد النحوية في اللغة) )
DERIVATIONAL((اشتقاق كلمة جديدة من كلمة سابقة مثل اشتقاق كلمة حكومة من الفعل يحكم -MORPHOLOGY علم تشكيل واشتقاق ونحت وتكوين الكلمات
A derivational morpheme makes new words from old ones (Crystal, p. 90.) Thus creation is formed from create, but they are two separate words.
Derivational morphemes generally change the part of speech or the basic meaning of a word. Thus -ment added to a verb forms a noun (judg-ment). re-activate means "activate again."
Inflectional morphemes: vary (or "inflect") the form of words in order to express grammatical features, such as singular/plural or past/present tense. Thus Boy and boys, for example, are two different forms of the "same" word; the choice between them, singular vs. plural, is a matter of grammar and thus the business of inflectional morphology. (Crystal, p. 90.)
Inflectional Morphemes generally:
1) Do not change basic meaning or part of speech, e.g., big, bigg-er, bigg-est are all adjectives.
2) Express grammatically-required features or indicate relations between different words in the sentence. Thus in Lee love-s Kim: -s marks the 3rdperson singular.
Reference: Linguistics - Dr Reem Ater - Cairo University - Faculty of Arts - English Language Department.

ملحوظة هامة : الموضوع مرفق كاملاً - مع شكري ومحبتي واحترامي -سامي - الفيوم