أولى المحاضرات التأهيليه لكليه الطب

[dr.osama7]

انا حضرت محاضرتين بايو مافهمتش اي حاجة خالص

[dr.nour]

معاك حق يا دكتور بس هوا حضرتك مش هتكمل كورسات عنده ولا ايه؟

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

بعد أما الإمتحانات خلصت والحمد لله

دلوقتي إن شاء الله هكمل المحاضرات التأهيليه ..

Skeletal system

The skeleton s composed of two types of tissue cartilage & bone.

Cartilage:

It is softer than bone , less rigid & slightly elastic

Bone:

Rigid tissue hardened by calcium & phosphorus . The bone cells (osteocytes) are present in lacunae .

Forms of bones

The bone exists in two forms :

Compact (hard or ivory) bone:

It is hard , dense & forms the surface layer of all bones & the tubular shafts of long bone

Spongy , cancellus bone:

Its like a sponge which is usually filled with red bone marrow .

Parts of skeleton

Axial skeleton :

Skull :cranium 8 bones , face 14 bones , auditory ossicles 6 bones (28)

Hyoid:1 bone

vertebral column :33 vertebrae (7 cervical , 12 thoracic , 5 lumbar ,5 sacral , 4 coccygeal ) the sacral & coccygeal are fused in 2 masses so the count is (26)

sternum : 3 peices

ribs :12 pairs

Appendicular skeleton :

upper limb

shoulder girdle :2 scapula & 2 clavicle (4)

(2)arm bones :1 humerus in each side

forearm bones :1 ulna & i radius in each side (4)

wrist bones : 8 carpal bones in each wrist (16)

hand bones : 5 metacarpals in each hand (10)

finger bones : 14 phalanges in each hand , 2 in each tumb and 3 in each of other fingers (28)

lower limb

Hip girdle : hip bone one in each side (2)

Thigh bone : 1 femur in each thigh (2)

Leg bones : 1 tibia & 1 fibula in each leg (4)

Ankle & foot bones : 7 tarsala & 5 metatarsals in each foot . (24)

Toe bones : 14 phalages in each foot , 2 in the great toe and 3 in each of other toes (28).

functions of the skeleton :

1-Support the soft parts of the body.

2-gives shape to the body as a whole by the arrangement of bones.

3- allows movement by the muscles which pull the jointed bones into different directions .

4-lever action.

5-protiction of the dalicate parts of the body e.g.

the cranium proctects the brain.

the vertebral column protects the spinal cord.

the thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs.

6-bone marrow helps in the formation of blood.

7-a store for calcium and phosphorus for the time of need.

[المتحري الخارق]

الحمد لله انتهت الامتحانات
وإن شاء الله تكون قد وُفّـقـت فيها يا دكتور أحمد
وبارك الله فيكَ و أثابكَ على المجهود الذي تبذله
تحـيـاتي و تـقـديري

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة المتحري الخارق

الحمد لله انتهت الامتحانات
وإن شاء الله تكون قد وُفّـقـت فيها يا دكتور أحمد
وبارك الله فيكَ و أثابكَ على المجهود الذي تبذله
تحـيـاتي و تـقـديري

جزاك الله خير
وبارك الله فيك
وشكرا عالدعوه الحلوه ده ..

[davy jones]

[QUOTE=Dr.Ahmed Moussa;1614656]

بعد أما الإمتحانات خلصت والحمد لله

دلوقتي إن شاء الله هكمل المحاضرات التأهيليه ..

Skeletal system

The skeleton s composed of two types of tissue cartilage & bone.

Cartilage:

It is softer than bone , less rigid & slightly elastic

Bone:

Rigid tissue hardened by calcium & phosphorus . The bone cells (osteocytes) are present in lacunae .

Forms of bones

The bone exists in two forms :

Compact (hard or ivory) bone:

It is hard , dense & forms the surface layer of all bones & the tubular shafts of long bone

Spongy , cancellus bone:

Its like a sponge which is usually filled with red bone marrow .

Parts of skeleton

Axial skeleton :

Skull :cranium 8 bones , face 14 bones , auditory ossicles 6 bones (28)

Hyoid:1 bone

vertebral column :33 vertebrae (7 cervical , 12 thoracic , 5 lumbar ,5 sacral , 4 coccygeal ) the sacral & coccygeal are fused in 2 masses so the count is (26)

sternum : 3 peices

ribs :12 pairs

Appendicular skeleton :

upper limb

shoulder girdle :2 scapula & 2 clavicle (4)

(2)arm bones :1 humerus in each side

forearm bones :1 ulna & i radius in each side (4)

wrist bones : 8 carpal bones in each wrist (16)

hand bones : 5 metacarpals in each hand (10)

finger bones : 14 phalanges in each hand , 2 in each tumb and 3 in each of other fingers (28)

lower limb

Hip girdle : hip bone one in each side (2)

Thigh bone : 1 femur in each thigh (2)

Leg bones : 1 tibia & 1 fibula in each leg (4)

Ankle & foot bones : 7 tarsala & 5 metatarsals in each foot . (24)

Toe bones : 14 phalages in each foot , 2 in the great toe and 3 in each of other toes (28).

functions of the skeleton :

1-Support the soft parts of the body.

2-gives shape to the body as a whole by the arrangement of bones.

3- allows movement by the muscles which pull the jointed bones into different directions .

4-lever action.

5-protiction of the dalicate parts of the body e.g.

the cranium proctects the brain.

the vertebral column protects the spinal cord.

the thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs.

6-bone marrow helps in the formation of blood.

7-a store for calcium and phosphorus for the time of need.

[/QUOTE



ممكن ترجمة الكلمات الصعبة لو سمحت وجزاك الله خيرا

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة Dr.Ahmed Moussa

بعد أما الإمتحانات خلصت والحمد لله

دلوقتي إن شاء الله هكمل المحاضرات التأهيليه ..

Skeletal system

The skeleton s composed of two types of tissue cartilage & bone.

Cartilage:

It is softer than bone , less rigid & slightly elastic

Bone:

Rigid tissue hardened by calcium & phosphorus . The bone cells (osteocytes) are present in lacunae .

Forms of bones

The bone exists in two forms :

Compact (hard or ivory) bone:

It is hard , dense & forms the surface layer of all bones & the tubular shafts of long bone

Spongy , cancellus bone:

Its like a sponge which is usually filled with red bone marrow .

Parts of skeleton

Axial skeleton :

Skull :cranium 8 bones , face 14 bones , auditory ossicles 6 bones (28)

Hyoid:1 bone

vertebral column :33 vertebrae (7 cervical , 12 thoracic , 5 lumbar ,5 sacral , 4 coccygeal ) the sacral & coccygeal are fused in 2 masses so the count is (26)

sternum : 3 peices

ribs :12 pairs

Appendicular skeleton :

upper limb

shoulder girdle :2 scapula & 2 clavicle (4)

(2)arm bones :1 humerus in each side

forearm bones :1 ulna & i radius in each side (4)

wrist bones : 8 carpal bones in each wrist (16)

hand bones : 5 metacarpals in each hand (10)

finger bones : 14 phalanges in each hand , 2 in each tumb and 3 in each of other fingers (28)

lower limb

Hip girdle : hip bone one in each side (2)

Thigh bone : 1 femur in each thigh (2)

Leg bones : 1 tibia & 1 fibula in each leg (4)

Ankle & foot bones : 7 tarsala & 5 metatarsals in each foot . (24)

Toe bones : 14 phalages in each foot , 2 in the great toe and 3 in each of other toes (28).

functions of the skeleton :

1-Support the soft parts of the body.

2-gives shape to the body as a whole by the arrangement of bones.

3- allows movement by the muscles which pull the jointed bones into different directions .

4-lever action.

5-protiction of the dalicate parts of the body e.g.

the cranium proctects the brain.

the vertebral column protects the spinal cord.

the thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs.

6-bone marrow helps in the formation of blood.

7-a store for calcium and phosphorus for the time of need.

ترجمه بعض الكلمات الصعبه
غضروف cartilage
نسيج bone
صلب rigid
مرن elastic
اسفنجي spongy = cancellus
نخاع العظام marrow
محوري axial
العمود الفقري vertebral column
الضلوع ribs
الطرف العلوي upper limb
الساعد forearm
الأصابع phalanges
الفخد thigh
عظمه الحوض hip
أصابع القدم toe
الفقص الصدري thoracic cage
مفصل joint
وآآآآسف عالتأخير

[dededodda]

جزاك الله خيرا على مجهودك الرائع ده يادكتور احمد

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة dededodda

جزاك الله خيرا على مجهودك الرائع ده يادكتور احمد

جزانا وإياكم
وشكرا لمروك واهتمامك بالموضوع

[dr.only hope]

موضوع رائع وجميل جدااااااااااااااااا
وبان الله متابعة معاكوا
تسلم ايدك يا دكتور احمد جعله الله فى ميزان حسناتك
تحياتى

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة dr.only hope

موضوع رائع وجميل جدااااااااااااااااا
وبان الله متابعة معاكوا
تسلم ايدك يا دكتور احمد جعله الله فى ميزان حسناتك
تحياتى

ميرسي
وشكرا عالمتابعه
بجد الكومنتات ده إللي بتشجعني وتخليني أكمل
ميرسي ليكوا كلكوا بجد .....

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

النهارده إن شاء الله
بنزل محاضره فسيولوجي جديده
لدكتور محمد أنس
يارب تعجبكوا..

REFLEX ACTION

It is the functional unit of the nervous system.
It is the response to peripheral stimulation

Types of reflex action

local axon reflex:

It is a primitive reflex present in lower animals with incomplete nervous system.
It consists of:
a) Receptor
b) Afferent
c) Efferent (branch of afferent & has no center).
Impulses originated in the skin receptors pass via a short collateral of the afferent fiber to the effector organ e.g. blood vessels without reaching the center in CNS.
Examples of local axon reflex:
1- Secretion of gastrin hormone.
2- Secretion of suucus entericus.
3- Peristaltic movement of the intestine.
4-spreading flare of triple response.

Unconditioned reflex

Inborn reflexes.
Do not depend on previous training & don't require the integrity of cerebral cortex.
Their centers are present in CNS below the level of C.C.(cerebral cortex) i.e. in brain stem & spinal cord
Example: Introduction of food in the mouth the reflex is secretion of saliva.

Conditioned reflex

Acquired reflexes.
Depend on previous training.
Require the integrity of the cerebral cortex.
Their centers are present in the cerebral cortex.
Example : Vision or olfaction of food the reflex is secretion of saliva

ترجمه بعض الكلمات :
فعل رد الفعل أو الفعل المنعكس reflx action
محور axon
بدائي primitive
عصب حسي أو وارد afferent
عصب حركي أو صادر efferent
النبضات العصبيه impulses
جانبي أو فرعي collateral
نسيج fiber
إفرازات معويه succus entericus
الحركه الدوديه peristaltic movement
الأمعاء intestine
الجمره المنتشره spreading flare
الإستجابه الثلاثيه triple response
إفراز secretion
غير مكتسب inborn
تكامل integrity
القشره المخيه cerebral cortex
جذع الدماغ brain stem
اللعاب saliva
مكتسب acquired
شم olfaction

[Dr.Ahmed Moussa]

really...
nice comments

[المتحري الخارق]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة dr.ahmed moussa

really...


nice comments

معذرة دكتور /أحمد على التأخر
لا يهمك فهذا الموضوع مفيد جداً
وأنا أقوم بطبع هذه المحاضرات
الكل يستفيد منه زوار وأعضاء
وهذه الردود لن تفيك حقك
وشكراً لكَ على هذه المحاضرة
نسيت أن أقول لكَ كل عام أنت بخير وسعادة
تحـيـاتي لكَ وتـقـديري

[د/إيمان]

جزاك الله خيراً

وشكراً على مجهوداتك الرائعة